Tsatur Khan

Tsatur Khan (c. 1820–1905) was an Iranian general, envoy to Russia, and advisor to Shah Mozaffar ad-Din Qajar, the fifth Qajar shah (king) of Iran. He was a close friend of Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia.

Biography
Tsatur Khan, the son of Iranian diplomat and military advisor Set Khan and Lady Zizi Khanoom, was born in about 1820 in Tabriz. He studied at the University of Cambridge. Because he was highly educated and his father had been a prominent government official and close friend of the Qajars, Tsatur was appointed as an Advisor to the young Crown Prince Mozaffar-ad-Din Qajar in Tabriz. Tsatur Khan settled in Tabriz with his wife, where he served as a General in the Persian army, as well as took on diplomatic responsibilities as the Chief Deputy of Iran in charge of meeting with foreign dignitaries. In this role, he visited England with Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, continuing his family's tradition of diplomacy. Notably, Mkrtich Khrimian asked for his assistance in protecting the Armenian community from Kurdish and Turkish attacks. Tsatur Khan was married to Ninon Hovnatanian, the daughter of Armenian painter Hakob Hovnatanyan.

Envoy to Russia
Mikhail Nikolayevich, Grand Duke of the Caucasus, sent a pair of well-bred hunting dogs as a gift to Shah Mozaffar-al-Din Qajar. In return, the Prince decided to return the favor by sending the Grand Duke a pair of Arabian horses through a delegation headed by Tsatur Khan. The Duke was grateful for the horses, and impressed by Tsatur Khan’s sophistication. The Grand Duke asked how he had attained it, whereby Tsatur Khan told him of his education at Cambridge. The Duke then asked him why Tsatur Khan had traveled so far to receive an education, as many members of the Iranian aristocracy were known to receive their education in Russia. Tsatur Khan responded to the Duke that it was because his father, Set Khan, had served as Ambassador to England. The Grand Duke announced that he would forgive Tsatur Khan on the condition that Tsatur promise the Duke that he would send his children to Russia to be educated, at the Duke’s expense. Tsatur Khan agreed, thus beginning his friendship with the Grand Duke and closer ties with Russia.