U-BT Cluj-Napoca

U-Banca Transilvania Cluj-Napoca, commonly known as U-BT Cluj-Napoca, is a professional basketball club based in Cluj-Napoca, Romania that competes domestically in the Liga Națională de Baschet and internationally in the EuroCup. Like other teams that were initially part of the Universitatea Cluj multi sports club, the basketball team keeps the letter U (short form of Universitatea) in its name. The main sponsor of the team is the locally based banking institution Banca Transilvania. The team colors are black and white. U-BT Cluj-Napoca plays its home games at the BTarena, which accommodates 10,000 spectators, or in Horia Demian Sports Hall with a capacity of 2,525 spectators.

Initially being founded in 1947, the basketball team split from the parent sports club at the beginning of the 2000s, retaining its place in the top tier of Romanian basketball. While the current club is widely considered as the successor of the team that won three league titles before the turn of the century, the parent club claims all the trophies won before 2002 as part of its own records. In 2017, an image partnership was agreed between U-BT Cluj-Napoca and FC Universitatea Cluj (the local football club which itself was functioning as a private entity following its split from the parent sports club), uniting them under the same brand. Therefore, beginning with the 2017-18 season, U-BT Cluj-Napoca uses the same logo as the football club.

In all its forms since the 1940s, the club has won nine Romanian League Championships, seven Romanian Cups, and four Romanian Supercups, while also performing very good in European competitions, reaching the quarterfinals of both the Basketball Champions League and the EuroCup in recent seasons. The most famous name who played for the club is undoubtedly Gheorghe Mureșan, who remains to this day the only Romanian ever to play in the NBA. Another mention should go to Mihai Silvășan, who played for the Cluj team between 2002 and 2015, and then became the club's head coach in 2016.

Early history (1947-1990)
Whilst the Universitatea Cluj multi sports club was founded in 1919, the basketball team was only established in 1947, coexisting for about a year with its equivalent at the Bolyai University, before their merger in December 1948. The club later changed its name to Știința Cluj in 1950, before switching it back to Universitatea in 1966. In its early stages during the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Romanian championship was played in a qualification format, teams having to play in local and regional championships in order to qualify for the final tournament. Therefore, this period was marked by a battle for local supremacy between Știința and teams like Dermata (later renamed Flamura Roșie), ASA Cluj and Metalul, The Red Caps often falling short against their more established rivals. In fact, many of the better players in the team were loaned to Divizia A side Flamura Roșie, once the new divisional championship format was established. However, the 1955 season saw the students (now playing under the name IMF-Progresul Cluj) being promoted to the first tier for the first time in their history, under the leadership of coach Gheorghe Rusu. Many of the players that were loaned a couple of years earlier, now armed with experience playing at the higher level, were part of that year's roster. Following promotion, the results would continue to improve, everything culminating in a second-place finish during the 1958–59 season. This result kickstarted two decades of amazing performances in the top flight, spearheaded by the talents of emblematic players for the history of the club, like Horia Demian, Imre Vizi, Mihai Albu, Gheorghe Roman and Matei Rührig. The communism years were a time when the Romanian basketball landscape was dominated by Steaua and Dinamo Bucharest, teams which were closely tied with the army and the Ministry of Internal Affairs respectively. This translated in support from the communist regime in terms of training facilities and recruitment of the best players in the league. However, Studenții were often the main challengers of their rivals from the capital, finishing once in second and nine times in third during the 1960s and 1970s. The 1980s however saw a decline in results, with lower finishes in the championship eventually culminating in relegation to Divizia B following the 1986–87 season. The turn of the decade found Universitatea back in the top flight, with a young Gheorghe Mureșan starring alongside other players that were going to play an important role for the club in the years to come.

Three Romanian championship titles (1990-2000)
The new decade saw a turn in fortunes for the Cluj team. This was made possible by some marquee signings: Mihai Sinevici, Bruno Roschnafski and Mircea Cristescu; all national team players, cumulated with a progress in training and preparations under the coaching duo of Gheorghe Roman and Liviu Morariu. It did not take long for the results to show on the court, the students establishing themselves as title contenders during the 1990–91 season, while also managing to defeat Panionios Athens (a strong representative of Greek basketball at that time) in the first round of the FIBA Korać Cup. Unfortunately for them, the season would end in disappointment, following a best-of-three play-off final defeat against Steaua Bucharest.

Their performances during the previous campaign would bring a new premiere for The White and Blacks: their first ever participation in the FIBA European Cup, entering to compete in the second round of the 1991-92 season against Pau-Orthez. In the first leg, Universitatea managed a famous home win against the French team, 107–101. However, it wasn't enough to advance for the next round, Pau-Orthez winning the reverse leg by eleven. On the domestic front there would be no mistakes this time. With the presence of the best two centers in the league in their roster (Ghiță Mureșan and Bruno Roschnafski), and the addition of Marcel Țenter at point guard, Universitatea won the first title in their history after a play-off final against Dinamo Bucharest, becoming the first team from outside the capital to be crowned as Romanian Champions.

The following season would see the departures of Mureșan and Roschnafski from the team, to France and Germany respectively, and the addition of Cornel Geomolean. Mureșan would become the first Romanian to play in the NBA, by signing with the Washington Bullets in 1993. He played six successful seasons with the Bullets and the New Jersey Nets; with career averages of 9.8 points, 6.4 rebounds and 0.5 assists, and he won the NBA Most Improved Player Award following the 1995–96 NBA season. For The Red Caps, their first domestic championship title would translate into their first participation into the FIBA European League. Entering into the first round, they would lose both legs of their clash against USK Prague. Internally, history would repeat itself during the 1992–93 season with a second consecutive title, again beating Dinamo in the final.

For the 1993–94 season, Gheorghe Roman would fully take charge as head coach. During that campaign, Studenții suffered some setbacks, with short and long-term injuries keeping key players (Sinevici, Cristescu, Olpretean) out of action for some matches. The team managed to reach the play-off final again, going into the best-of-five final clash against Dinamo without home-court advantage. This would prove decisive in the end, Dinamo winning the final 3–2. The following season, the team came in third, representing the first season in five years in which they did not reach the final. By then, the team had the financial support of SM Invest (playing under the name "U" SM Invest), which would go on to bring much needed resources heading into the 1995–96 season. Decisive would also prove to be the appointment of Dragan Petričević as head coach in January 1996, the Bosnian becoming the first ever foreigner to coach in Romania, at only 27 years old. Everything culminated in a best-of-five play-off final against Steaua Bucharest. It was 1–1 after the first two games in Cluj, and 2–2 after the next two games in Bucharest. The decider took place back in Cluj, in front of a sold-out crowd at the Horia Demian Sports Hall. The match ended 86–75 in favour of the home team, Universitatea becoming Romanian champions for the third time. What followed was another participation in the newly rebranded FIBA EuroCup, with no notable results. In January 1997, after just one year spent coaching Universitatea, Dragan Petričević decided to leave the club, signing a contract with Politehnica Iași.

After this period of success, the team went through times of unrest and concern. Beginning with the 1997–98 season, the city of Cluj had two teams in Divizia A: Carbochim and Universitatea (now under the name ”U” Sanex Cluj-Napoca). The White and Blacks ended that year's championship in sixth, while Carbochim finished in third. The two teams merged that summer, under the name “U”Carbochim Cluj-Napoca, while ex-player Gabriel Olpretean took over as head coach. Studenții managed a third-place finish in the 1998–99 season, to end a decade in which they managed seven top three finishes, including three Romanian Championship titles.

Parting ways with the parent club. Influx of foreign players (2000-2010)
The turn of the new millennium saw a lot of changes for the club, which were going to impact its future both in terms of performances and identity. Mircea Cristescu and Dorin Pintea returned to the club as players in January 2000. They both retired that summer, Pintea tooking the role of assistant coach, while Cristescu became the new team manager. However, the biggest change would happen one year later, when the basketball team parted ways with the parent sports club, going under the care of a private investiture. This decision was motivated as a way to facilitate the growth of the team, which had its prospects limited under the umbrella of the parent club. The basketball club kept its tie with the Universitatea Cluj brand through a collaboration protocol signed with the sports club in 2009 and later through an image partnership agreed with FC Universitatea Cluj in 2017. However, the parent club later chose to reestablish its basketball section, claiming all the trophies won before the split as part of its own records.

The beginning of the 2000s also saw the first additions of foreign players to the team's roster, Serbian swingman Dejan Dukovčić becoming the first foreigner in history to represent the club, in 2002. Other players from former Yugoslav countries would join the club in the following years; like Predrag Mijušković, Zoran Krstanović, Miljan Medvedj and Branko Ćuić, while LeVar Seals became the first ever American to play for Cluj, in 2005. This period would also see the addition of a number of younger players to the roster, formed at CSS Viitorul Cluj under the tutelage of Voicu Moldovan: Paul Chetreanu, Mihai Racovițan, and most notably Mihai Silvășan, who would become the captain and later head coach of the team.

During this transitional period the results were mixed, the team finishing as high as fourth in the domestic championship. However, this result; obtained during the 2004–05 season, meant a return to continental competitions after nine years, The White and Blacks entering to compete in the FIBA EuroCup Challenge for the 2005–06 season. The summer of 2005 also saw the return of Bruno Roschnafsky to the team, after he played in Germany for thirteen years. Under the command of head coach Miodrag Perišić, the team managed one win and three losses in the regular season of the EuroCup Challenge. Domestically, they reached the final of the Romanian Cup, while coming second in the league championship. The following season, the students (now playing under the name U-Mobitelco Cluj-Napoca) one-upped themselves in European competitions, performance facilitated by a number of signings, including Marcel Ţenter, who (like Roschnafsky the previous summer) returned to the club from Germany. Finishing the regular season of the 2006–07 FIBA EuroCup Challenge first in their group, with four wins and two losses, the team from Cluj reached the quarterfinal stage, where they lost both legs of their clash against Apollon Limassol. Individually, LeVar Seals ended up as the competition's top scorer, with an average of 22.9 points-per-game. Following the 2006–07 season, Bruno Roschnafsky left the club in order to form his own basketball team: BC Gladiator, while Marcel Ţenter retired as a player, becoming one of Perišić's assistant coaches, alongside Dorin Pintea.

2007-2008 season: Baldwin's coaching leaves its mark on the team
In 2007, the EuroCup Challenge was abolished, which meant that the Cluj team entered to compete in the second preliminary round of the FIBA EuroCup, for the 2007-08 season. This was less significant on the court; U-Mobitelco losing both legs of their clash against PAOK Thessaloniki, but more significant off it, PAOK's head coach Tab Baldwin choosing to quit the Greek team and join Cluj in December. Baldwin; who managed to lead the New Zealand national basketball team to a FIBA World Cup semifinal in 2002, later said that he decided to join Cluj because he was impressed with the club's fans, structure and hunger for performances, while being disappointed with PAOK's lack of direction for their club. Domestically, the influence of the American head coach showed on the court, U-Mobitelco finishing the regular season of the league championship with ten wins on the bounce. In the play-offs, The White and Blacks defeated Gaz Metan Mediaș in the quarterfinals and CSU Sibiu in the semifinals (losing once against each of them), to set up a best-of-seven final against CSU Asesoft Ploiești. Going into the final without home-court advantage, U-Mobitelco managed to win Game 1 in Ploiești, 72–81, but later lost Game 4 in Cluj, 75–82. From there, both teams would win their home games, the final ending in Ploiești, following a 82–66 win for Asesoft in Game 7. In terms of individual awards for the campaign, LeVar Seals and Zoran Krstanović were included into the All-Romanian League first team, Mihai Silvășan was elected as the league's Most Improved Player of the Year, while Brad Buckman (who joined the team in January) was the league's statistical leader in blocks.

2008-2009 season: Setbacks and injuries
The summer of 2008 saw a major reshaping of the team's roster in terms of foreign players, Branko Ćuić being the only one who would remain from the previous campaign. LeVar Seals and Miljan Medvedj joined CS Otopeni, while Buckman and Krstanović left to play for teams in Cyprus and the Netherlands. In their place, the club signed no less than six new foreign players, including Adrian Majstrovich and Leon Henry; who joined from the New Zealand NBL, Aleksandar Glintić from Serbia, and Matt Gibson; who played the previous campaign in Venezuela. In terms of domestic players, Levente Szijarto joined from Asesoft Ploiești. Unfortunately, the on court chemistry between the new signings was difficult to achieve, U-Mobitelco missing two of their primary objectives early in the campaign, by being eliminated from the FIBA EuroChallenge by EWE Baskets Oldenburg, and from the Romanian Cup by Asesoft Ploiești. From there, injuries and roster changes would become the norm for the season. Adrian Majstrovich left at the beginning of November, after just three months spent with the club, while Glintić and Mike Kinsella were sidelined with injuries, both of them leaving before the end of the calendar year. The same happened with the American center Steve Rich, who joined the club in November to cover for Glintić's absence, but later suffered an injury himself, leaving the club in December. The winter break saw the return of Zoran Krstanović from the Netherlands, while American center Terrence Roberts and Croatian guard Damir Milačić were added to the team's roster. Unfortunately, a 79–72 defeat against Gaz Metan Mediaș in the final game of the regular season meant that U-Mobitelco would enter the play-off from the fifth position, without home-court advantage. Another injury, suffered by Terrence Roberts would prove decisive in the end, The White and Blacks being eliminated from the play-off quarterfinals by CSU Sibiu. The end of the season saw the departure of Tab Baldwin and the appointment of Marcel Ţenter as head coach.

2009-2010 season: Central European Basketball League runners-up
At the start of the new campaign, most of the foreign players brought the previous summer left, Ćuić and Krstanović opting to stay with the team. Levente Szijarto returned to Asesoft Ploiești. Miljan Medvedj returned from CS Otopeni, David Lawrence joined from Pitești, while Vladan Jocović was a late roster addition at the end of August. In the context of the financial crisis, the team chose not to register for the 2009-10 edition of the FIBA EuroChallenge, instead entering to compete in the second edition of the Central European Basketball League, which contained teams in closer geographical proximity with the city of Cluj. "U" Mobitelco managed to win all four games during the group stage, home and away against both BK Prostějov and Albacomp Fehérvár. The final four took place in Cluj, in early February. The White and Blacks managed to defeat Elba Timișoara in the semifinals, 73-64, but lost the final against Nový Jičín, 78-81, finishing the competition as runners-up. During the final, David Lawrence was taken out early with a knee injury, which later caused him to miss the remainder of the season. In his place, Kyndall Dykes was brought to the team, while Vladan Jocović was dropped to make room for the addition of Robert Thomson. Domestically, "U" Mobitelco reached the quarterfinal stage of the Romanian Cup, where they were eliminated by Asesoft Ploiești. In the Romanian league, the team finished the regular season in first place, losing just five times and managing to beat Asesoft both home and away. The opponents in the play-off quarterfinals were BC Mureș. The team from Târgu Mureș managed to push the series to Game 5 by winning its home games, but "U" Mobitelco took the decider in Cluj, 85-58. In the semifinals, the Cluj team lost its first home game against Elba Timișoara, but later won the next three games in a row, to set up a new league final against Asesoft Ploiești. In Game 1, "U" Mobitelco lost at home, 76-77, with the winning basket for the opponents coming in the final seconds of the game. The second home game would also be lost, this time in a double overtime thriller: 111-113. From there, Asesoft would win its home games too, sweeping the final, 4-0. At the end of the regular season, Zoran Krstanović was elected as both the league's Player of the Year and Center of the Year, while also being included in the All-Romanian League first team, alongside Branko Ćuić.

Notable players
• 🇷🇴 Mihai Albu

• 🇷🇴 Cătălin Baciu

• 🇷🇴 Mircea Barna

• 🇷🇴 Emanuel Cățe

• 🇷🇴 Paul Chetreanu

• 🇷🇴 Mircea Cristescu

• 🇷🇴 Horia Demian

• 🇷🇴 Claudiu Fometescu

• 🇷🇴 Ștefan Grasu

• 🇷🇴 Nandor Kuti

• 🇷🇴 Flavius Lăpuște

• 🇷🇴 Rareș Mandache

• 🇷🇴 Mihai Măciucă

• 🇷🇴 Vlad Moldoveanu

• 🇷🇴 Gheorghe Mureșan

• 🇷🇴 Gabriel Olpretean

• 🇷🇴 Dorin Pintea

• 🇷🇴 Mihai Pulbere

• 🇷🇴 Gheorghe Roman

• 🇷🇴🇩🇪 Bruno Roschnafski

• 🇷🇴 Horea Rotaru

• 🇷🇴 Matei Rührig

• 🇷🇴 Tiberiu Sebestyén

• 🇷🇴 Mihai Silvășan

• 🇷🇴 Mihai Sinevici

• 🇷🇴 Rolland Török

• 🇷🇴 Marcel Ţenter

• 🇷🇴 Nicolae Viciu

• 🇷🇴 Imre Vizi

• 🇷🇴 Vasile Zdrenghea

• 🇧🇦 Filip Adamović

• 🇧🇦 Nemanja Gordić

• 🇧🇦 Andrija Stipanović

• 🇧🇷 Léonardo Meindl

• 🇧🇬 Stanimir Marinov

• Darko Planinić

•  Željko Šakić

•  Karlo Žganec

• 🇨🇺 Karel Guzmán

• 🇫🇷 Adam Mokoka

•  Artis Ate

•  Mareks Mejeris

•  Vaidas Kariniauskas

•  Donatas Tarolis

• 🇸🇳 Ousmane Barro

• 🇷🇸 Stefan Birčević

• 🇷🇸🇷🇴 Branko Ćuić

• 🇷🇸 Branko Jorović

• 🇷🇸 Zoran Krstanović

• 🇷🇸 Aleksandar Rašić

• 🇸🇮 Miha Lapornik

• 🇺🇦 Maksym Zvonov

• 🇺🇸 Brandon Brown

• 🇺🇸 Brad Buckman

• 🇺🇸 Kyndall Dykes

• 🇺🇸 Jarell Eddie

• 🇺🇸 Bryce Jones

• 🇺🇸 Jalen Jones

• 🇺🇸🇷🇴 Patrick Richard

• 🇺🇸 LeVar Seals

• 🇺🇸 D. J. Seeley

• 🇺🇸 Elijah Stewart

• 🇺🇸🇷🇼 Robert Thomson

• 🇺🇸 Jason Washburn

• 🇺🇸🇷🇴 Giordan Watson

Fans and rivalries
U-BT Cluj-Napoca has the largest basketball fanbase in Romania, with over 2,000 season ticket holders as of the 2023–24 season. The club holds the attendance record for an indoor sporting event in Romania, performance achieved for the first time during their two home matches against MHP Riesen Ludwigsburg in the quarterfinals of the 2021–22 Basketball Champions League, when capacity crowds of 10,000 filled the BTarena in both games. Since then, the club has managed to draw capacity crowds at the BTarena quite often at their games in EuroCup, but also at their domestic league play-off games. The domestic rivalries of U-BT Cluj-Napoca are mainly driven by performances, the club being a challenger for domestic silverware from as early as the 1950s:
 * The rivalry against CSM Oradea. Following the dissolution of CSU Asesoft Ploiești, the battle for national supremacy in Romanian basketball has been contested between U-BT Cluj-Napoca and CSM Oradea, every league title since 2016 being won by either one of them. The two clubs have played in three championship play-off finals against each other, these games often drawing capacity crowds at both the Oradea Arena and the BTarena.
 * The rivalry against CSU Sibiu. This is more of a regional rivalry, Cluj-Napoca and Sibiu being the largest cities in the Transylvania region. Therefore, the matches between the two teams are often called The derby of Transylvania. Like Cluj, CSU Sibiu has a large basketball fanbase.
 * Rivalries against teams from Bucharest. During the twentieth century, Cluj's main rivals for domestic supremacy were Steaua and Dinamo Bucharest, the two teams from the capital sharing between them all the league titles contested from 1953 to 1991. In recent seasons, a minor rivalry was ignited between The White and Blacks and CSO Voluntari, the two teams contesting the 2021 and 2022 editions of the Romanian Supercup against each other.

Honours
Note: Years in italics indicate performances obtained as part of the Universitatea Cluj multi sports club, which are not officially recognised as being part of the current club's records.

Domestic competitions

 * Liga Națională
 * Gold medal world centered-2.svg Champion (9): 1992, 1993, 1996, 2011, 2017, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024
 * Silver medal europe.svg Runners-up (7): 1959, 1962, 1991, 1994, 2006, 2008, 2010
 * Bronze medal europe.svg Third place (14): 1960, 1963, 1966, 1967, 1970, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1995, 1999, 2007, 2018, 2019
 * Romanian Cup
 * Gold medal world centered-2.svg Champion (7): 1995, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2023, 2024
 * Silver medal europe.svg Runners-up (2): 2006, 2013
 * Romanian Supercup
 * Gold medal world centered-2.svg Champion (4): 2016, 2018, 2021, 2022

European competitions

 * BKT EuroCup
 * Quarterfinals: 2023–24
 * Basketball Champions League
 * Quarterfinals: 2021–22
 * FIBA Europe Cup
 * Quarterfinals: 2019–20
 * FIBA EuroCup Challenge
 * Quarterfinals: 2006-07
 * Central European Basketball League (CEBL)
 * Runners-up: 2009-10