UMW General coal strike (1922)

The 1922 UMW Miner strike or The Big Coal Strike was a nationwide general strike of miners in the US and Canada after the United Mine Worker's (UMW) trade union contract expired on March 31, 1922. The strike decision was ordered March 22, to start effective April 1. Around 610,000 mine workers struck. About 100,000 of the striking miners were non-union or not associated with the UMW.

Background
Negotiations having failed to produce a contract, on March 22, 1922, union president John L. Lewis ordered the strike to commence on April 1, the day after the expiration of the current contract. More than 600,000 miners went on strike leaving 185,000 miners not on strike; 10,000 of which were union members running the pumps so the mines didn't flood. The Labor World at the time reported the following for many of the states,

In June during the strike, the Herrin mine massacre occurred in Illinois. A month later, on July 1 the Great Railroad Strike of 1922 started. Political comics from the time suggest there was solidarity between the miners and rail workers.

Aftermath
A contract was reached on September 2, 1922, it covered members of the UMW extending the agreement terms of the previous contract to August 31,1923. The Federal Coal Commission was also formed as part of the agreement. After ratification, mining resumed on September 11. The general coal strike lasted 163 days. However non-unionized mining workers were not covered by the UMW contract.

After the UMW ended their strike, around 25,000 Windber, Pennsylvania miners continued striking. Those miners voted to end their strike on August 14, 1923, after failing to gain a contract.