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Saccharomyces Cerevisiae as a human probiotic
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is used as a probiotic in humans and animals. Especially, a strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii is industrially manufatured and clinically used as a medication.

Efficacy and safety of use ''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae var. boulardii'' for prevention of several types of diarrhea is considered evidence based.

Several clinical and experimental studies have shown that ''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae var. boulardii'' is, to lesser or greater extent, useful for prevention or treatment of several gastrointestinal deseases. Moderate quality evidence shown ''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae var. boulardii to reduce risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea both in adults  and in children and to reduce risk of adverse effects of Helicobacter pylori'' eradication therapy. Also some limited evidence support efficacy of ''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae var. boulardii'' in prevention (but not treatment) of traveler’s diarrhea and, at least as an adjunct medication, in treatment of acute diarrhea in adults and children and of persistent diarrhea in children.

In clinical trials ''S. Cerevisiae var. boulardii was well tolerated by patients, and adverse effects rate was similar to that in control groups (i. e. groups with placebo'' or no treatment). No case of ''S. Cerevisiae var. boulardii'' fungemia has been reported during clinical trials.

In clinical practice, however, cases of fungemia, caused by ''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae var. boulardii'' are reported. Patients with compromised immunity or those with centeral vascular catheters are at especial risk. Some researchers have recommended not to use ''Saccharomyces Cerevisiae var. boulardii'' for treatmet of such patients. Others suggest only that caution must be excercised with it's use in risk group patients.