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Characteristics of the changing world cities by geographic location and historical and ethnic characteristics.

Asia

 * the Muslim cities in the Middle East - Muslim cities are Built mainly in narrow streets and crowded designed to create shade and shelter from the sun. The town consists of an ancient city built around the market, it leaves a narrow passage to the new shopping center and it crosses the railroad tracks. Between the new city center residential transition zones are where the underclass live near the old city center and high-class at New Town. Edge of the old city are industrial areas.


 * Chinese cities - Chinese cities are built according to the theory of planning "Feng Shui" from north to south when the center are the temples and royal palace surrounded by residential neighborhoods. The city comprehensive high wall and broad water channel environment.

Africa

 * Yoruba cities - Yoruba cities are cities in Nigeria and West Africa, located south of the Sahara built on caravan routes and also largely. agricultural

Europe

 * Greek cities - Model of a Greek city are built "Grid plan" around the temple, open theater "Amphitheater", Governmental Center, "Acropolis", and business center called "Agora".


 * Russian cities - traditional Russian cities are built mostly around Fort regime with built a wall around called "Kremlin".


 * Communist cities in Eastern Europe - a cities with large squares with symbols of Communism and buildings design of the "Wedding Cake" architectural style and standard apartments to the working class apartments with a subways. also there are many Ring road Cross the city and also surrounding by the subways.

America

 * the North American cities - model of a city built in Grid plan with streets names of Latin letters and Numbers coming out of "Capitol Building" located in the city center and the center of Central Avenue, called "front" regime which concentrated buildings or major cultural institutions


 * Native Americans cities - Indian town built around a central square where many temples scattered, on one side industrial area designated employees of the temples and King Palace on the other side. Near the temple area is residential area.

City properties
City properties can be expressed in a number of ways such as by describing: its physical characteristics (for example, in a "tourist" city, one might observe many hotels); its population (for example, in an university city, one might find large number of young people); the employment of its residents (for example, the percentage of citizens employed in the economic activity of a specialised city may be greater than percentage employed in the same activity in a non-specialized city) and its international reputation for a particular economic activity.

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====================== A specialized city is one where a particular economic activity plays (or historically has played) a dominant role in urban life. It gives focus to the town's character. This character may be expressed in specific areas within the city. Cities may be specialized in more than one economic activity. For example, Oxford, United Kingdom is an important industrial city as well as a university city.

City properties
City properties can be expressed in a number of ways such as by describing: its physical characteristics (for example, in a "tourist" city, one might observe many hotels); its population (for example, in an university city, one might find large number of young people); the employment of its residents (for example, the percentage of citizens employed in the economic activity of a specialised city may be greater than percentage employed in the same activity in a non-specialized city) and its international reputation for a particular economic activity.

Port cities
Port cities were once confined to locations suited to their establishment, for example, those with natural deep water harbours such as Mumbai Harbour or Sydney Harbour. Now, through technological advances, these same conditions can be created artificially (Port of Jebel Ali for instance). In port cities, shipping facilities may occupy a large area of the city proper and coastline. Economic activity tends to concentrate in the city's port area. Proximity to raw materials and manufactured goods to be shipped is favoured in order to decrease the transport costs of importers and exporters. The area from which materials and goods arrive at a port city is its economic hinterland. Ports themselves may be specialized on the basis of their size, shape, depth, level of activity and the way materials and goods are handled for example, liquids such as oil, containers of goods, passengers or bulk materials. Port cities may change if the factors which allow the economic activity of their port decrease. One example is London where wear-houses and docks on the banks of the River Thames fell into disrepair by the 1970s when trading about the British Empire had decreased.

Industrial cities
Industrial cities may be characterised by an "urban landscape", typified by for example, large industrial zones, heavy pollution and factories. They may also be characterised by the nature of their industry or "practice". Examples include: carpet making in Bukhara, Uzbekistan and aircraft production in Seattle, Washington.

Tourist cities
A tourist city is one where the specialized economic activity is tourism. The factors attracting tourists to a city are many and varied. They include nearby natural wonders; archeological sites; unique forms of entertainment; sites or events of religious pilgrimage and so on. Some characteristics of a tourist city include: a large number of tourists; businesses and services established to cater for tourists and attractions for tourists and associated industries. Las Vegas, Nevada is an example of a tourist city.

University cities
Another type of specialized city is one where the economic activity is determined by "university life". University life might develop as a result of factors such as history and prestige of an educational center; international access to the educational centre; cooperation between university and the city itself, for example, in technological achievement, architecture, libraries, associated industries and so on; youth and transience of the population; the establishment of services for students; and residents who are academics. For example, Stanford University has a campus in Silicon Valley which cooperates with the computer industry.