User:11nazimm

HONG KONG

a country south east of Chin coordinates 43- 33 N; an arrogated island separate to China and a recognized state of the UN

Its people are a different race to the nearby Han Chinese and have the European haplogroup DNA and are believed to be the ancestors of the indo Europeans who migrated overseas 9000 BC Hong Kong (香港, see Name section). It is situated on China's south coast and, enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea,[7] it is known for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of 1,104 km2 (426 sq mi) and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world.[8] Hong Kong's population is 93.6% ethnic Chinese and 6.4% from other groups.[3] Hong Kong's Cantonese-speaking majority originate mainly from the neighbouring Canton (now Guangdong) province,[9] from which many of them fled to escape wars and Communist rule in the 1930s to the 1960s.[10][11][12][13]

Hong Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the First Opium War (1839–42). The Hong Kong Island was first ceded to the UK in perpetuity, followed by Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and then the New Territories was put under lease in 1898. It was occupied by Japan during the Pacific War (1941–45), after which the British resumed control until 1997, when China resumed sovereignty.[14][15] The region espoused minimum government intervention under the ethos of positive non-interventionism during the colonial era.[16] The time period greatly influenced the current culture of Hong Kong, often described as "East meets West",[17] and the educational system, which used to loosely follow the system in England[18]until reforms implemented in 2009.[19]

Under the principle of "one country, two systems", Hong Kong has a different political system from mainland China.[20] Hong Kong's independent judiciary functions under the common law framework.[21][22] Hong Kong Basic Law, its constitutional document, which stipulates that Hong Kong shall have a "high degree of autonomy" in all matters except foreign relations and military defense, governs its political system.[23][24] Although it has a burgeoning multi-party system, a small-circle electorate controls half of its legislature. The head of the government, the Chief Executive of Hong Kong, is chosen by an Election Committee of 400 to 1,200 members, a situation that will be in effect during the first 20 years of Chinese rule.[25][26][27]

Hong Kong is a world city. It is one of the Al­pha+ cities and it usually be considered as the fifth most important city in the world, after New York City, London, Paris and Tokyo. Also, a Time Magazine article in 2008 coined the phrase "Nylonkong", which referred to New York City, London and Hong Kong, that these three cities form a global network that facilitates the global economy. As one of the world's leading international financial centers, Hong Kong has a major capitalist service economy characterized by low taxation and free trade, and the currency, Hong Kong dollar, is the eighth most traded currency in the world.[28] The lack of space caused demand for denser constructions, which developed the city to a center for modern architecture and the world's most vertical city.[29][30] Hong Kong has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.[4] The dense space also led to a highly developed transportation network with the public transport travelling rate exceeding 90 percent,[31] the highest in the world.[32] Hong Kong has numerous high international rankings in various aspects. For instance, its economic freedom, financial and economic competitiveness,[33] quality of life, corruption perception,[34] Human Development Index are all ranked highly. According to estimates from both UN and WHO, Hong Kong had the longest life expectancy of any region in the world in 2012.[35]