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Miquel B. Salmeron is a Catalan American physicist and materials scientist who pioneered the development of instrumentation for surface science studies of catalysis, tribology, and water films in ambient and humid conditions, as well as in chemical reactors. He is a Senior Scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and an Adjunct Professor in the Materials Science and Engineering Department at the University of California, Berkeley.

Early life and Education
Miquel Batalle Salmeron was born on September 19, 1944 in Santa Coloma de Farners, the ancestral home of his mother's family, located in Catalonia autonomous community, Spain. He was raised in Mataro, where he attended a boy's K-12 parochial school. His native language of Catalan had been banned shortly before his birth in post-civil war, Francoist Spain, and he recalled being punished at school for speaking in Catalan by having to write 1000 times "I will not speak in Catalan". The school he attended had two "separate but equal-like" sections. The children of families who had the means to pay tuition were in the first section, which subsidized, but did not share classrooms with, a second section for families like his who could not afford tuition. The quality of the free education was lacking however, and Salmeron's parents transferred him to the tuition-paying section, causing significant financial stress on the family. He nonetheless thrived in the new setting and became increasingly fascinated with science, crediting his curiosity to his father's enthusiasm with astronomy and a wide variety of other topics that his father enjoyed reading and speaking about.

Salmeron attended the University of Barcelona after high school, initially majoring in mathematics. He transferred to physics in his second year and, to make up for gaps in his introductory courses, taught himself electricity and classical mechanics from the Landau and Lifshitz series on physics. He completed a Licenciatura in physics in 1968. During his senior year at the university, he attended a lecture by Prof. Gauthier from the University of Toulouse on the topic of solid state physics and magnetism, and was both inspired and enabled by Gauthier to pursue graduate studies in France. He completed a Doctorat de troisième cycle at the Universite Paul Sabatier in 1971 with Prof. Ferdinand Pradal. Pradal was one of nearly half a million Spanish nationals in France who had fled Francoist Spain. He introduced Salmeron to experimental surface science, and mentored Salmeron's Master's thesis, entitled "Anisotropy of the secondary electron emission of Cu Single crystals bombarded by electrons, and construction of a retarding field Auguer Anyalizer to study surface composition". Pradal also introduced Salmeron to another physicist living in exile, Nicolas Cabrera, who at the time was working at the University of Virginia and living in the United States. Cabrera returned to Spain in 1971 to found a physics department at the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, and Salmeron joined him there. Salmeron completed his Ph.D. in physics under Cabrera's supervision in 1975, a year that also marked the end of the Franco era and the beginning of the transition to democracy in Spain.

Career
After graduating from Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Salmeron held a two-year appointment as a postdoctoral research fellow in Gabor Somorjai’s group in the Chemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley. He returned to Spain immediately thereafter, and joined the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid's physics department as an Associate professor (1977). He was promoted to Full professor in 1981, but returned to the United States three years later, having become disenchanted with diminishing autonomy and increasing politicization of the University environment in Madrid. He joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 1984 as a Divisional Fellow in the Materials and Chemical Sciences Division and was promoted to Senior Scientist in 1990. In 2006 he was additionally appointed as an Adjunct Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. Throughout Salmerons’ tenure at LBNL, he has held several administrative posts, including Director of the Materials Science Division (2008-2012), and Scientific Director of the Molecular Foundry Imaging and Manipulation facility (2004-2008).

Salmeron has also retained his ties with Spain. He is the President of the Scientific Advisory Board of the "Institut Catala de Nanotecnologia" in Barcelona, Spain, and was appointed the "Nicolas Cabrera Foundation" Professor (1995) and Iberdrola Foundation Professor (1997) at the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid.

Research
During the course of his career, Salmeron and colleagues have developed novel instrumentation for studies of surface related phenomena, including High Pressure Scanning Tunneling Microscopy for catalysis studies, Scanning Polarization Force Microscopy for studies of liquid films and Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Environmental and Catalysis studies. Prior to development of the ambient pressure instrumentation, surface science studies were constrained to vacuum environments. These instruments, in conjunction with scanning probe instruments also pioneered in Salmeron’s laboratory at LNBL, have been employed in a wide range of studies for characterization of “non-vacuum” surfaces with molecular and atomic precision. Salmeron’s most cited publications employing these techniques have been in the areas of catalysis, the molecular structure of water films on surfaces, and nanotribology. He has published a number of highly cited review articles in these areas, coauthored with members of his research group.

A special issue of the Journal of Physical Chemistry B was published in 2018 in his honor.

Honors and Awards
Salmeron has received numerous awards from LBNL for his achievements at the laboratory, including the 1989 outstanding achievement in technology transfer, three outstanding performance awards, most recently the 2020 David A. Shirley Award for outstanding scientific achievement at LBNL’s Advanced Light Source (ALS) Other honors include:


 * 1993 Fellow of the American Vacuum Society
 * 1996 Fellow of the American Physical Society, "For contributions to the development of scanning probe methods and theoretical models for surface science, and for novel dynamics of surface processes."
 * 2004 Klaus Halbach Award for development of Innovative Instrumentation
 * 2008 Langmuir Lectureship Award, American Chemical Society
 * 2008 Medard W. Welch Award,for "Seminal contributions to the development of surface characterization techniques usable in a variety of environments and their application to catalysis, tribology and related surface phenomena"
 * 2010 R&D 100 Award, R&D Magazine, for "APPELS": A Differentially Pumped Ambient Pressure PhotoElectron Lens System for Photoemission Studies
 * 2012 MRS Medal award, "For his contribution to the molecular level understanding of material surfaces under ambient conditions of gas pressure and temperature made possible by the development and application of Ambient Pressure Photo-Electron Spectroscopy (APPES), which revealed the chemical structure of liquids, catalysts surfaces and nanoparticles during environmental reaction conditions"
 * 2015 APS Davisson-Germer Prize, "For the development of instrumentation for atmospheric pressure photoelectron spectroscopy and STM at high pressures and temperatures, and for his elegant studies of hydrogen dissociation and reactivity and the wetting of water films on metal surfaces at the atomic level"

Personal Life
Salmeron was born on was born on September 19, 1944 in Santa Coloma de Farners, in Catalonia autonomous community, Spain.