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Urchuk (spindle) a device or device for spinning and baking yarn by hand or machine from fibers; the main working body of spinning machines. In the East, the hand U. has been used since ancient times, the machine Urchuk appeared in the middle of XVIII centuries. Hand Urchuk is a long, oval wooden device in which a spinner spins it by hand. The fibers (cotton, wool, etc.) are then glued together, stretched and twisted into a thin thread. The machine is a complex geometrically shaped steel spindle with cartridges, spools and spools. Kalava is used in spinning, spinning and spinning machines for spinning, twisting and spinning of yarns of a certain size and shape. There are types of yarn for natural fibers (cotton, wool, linen, etc.) and chemical fibers. Most Urchuks are flexible (belt) extensions, some are driven by propeller wheels. The spinners, which are designed to spin chemical fibers, are rotated by an electric motor. Twisted twigs are used to make thick yarns for carpet weaving and rope weaving.