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Perpectives of dropping the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

Background of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

Dropping the bomb was one major plan of the Manhattan Project. Though Manhattan Plan was a controversial plan, it still engaged the most outstanding scientists in the world, including the American military. This plan was established in order to cope with the threating post by Germany that German scientists were working on a destructive atomic weapon. However, America turned the target to Japan after Germany surrendered as the Japanese military used radical methods like suicide attack and self-sacrifice for winning the war. Before dropping the atomic bomb from the air of Japanese territory, Japanese troops and some of the pilots who participated in this task had never realized that the atomic bomb was so destructive.

The moral points of dropping the atomic bomb

1.Potsdam Declaration

The Potsdam Declaration had close connection with the Manhattan Project, which was primarily established to cope with the threat post by the Germany Fascism due to the nuclear weapon Germany was inventing. Later then the property of the Manhattan Project changed in order to drop the atomic bomb on Japan in order to end the war ahead of time. The Pacific War between America and Japan formed a situation called seesaw battle, which means every force of America and Japan was rival. However, Potsdam Declaration breakthrough the deadlock of this situation when Japanese government refused to surrender. The Philip et al. (2016) pointed out that Two atomic bombs ended war when it was exploring on the air of Japanese territories. Emperor Showa of Japan was forced to surrender to the "Potsdam Proclamation" on August 10 through the Swedish and Swiss governments to China, the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union when he realized they would fail the war in destiny. Adversely, if the Potsdam Declaration did not happen in history, the atomic bomb would not be put into use and the war might last for decades of years. There is no doubt that the Potsdam Declaration contributed positive effect to the war with Japan.

There is another statement that proves the Potsdam Declaration was moral on dropping the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The article Did We Need to Drop It (Michal et al,. 1995) clearly point out that Japanese government had no choices but surrender. The Philip et al. (2016) briefly explained that The original bullet explosion in Hiroshima prompted the Japanese government to change its attitude toward the war, seriously reflect on the value of the "100 million total jade" strategy(which means the Japanese soldiers and citizens suicide together for not winning the war) under the devastating impact of advanced weapons. After all, both of these two articles point out that the Potsdam Declaration created the opportunity to end the war ahead of time. The Potsdam Declaration became the turning point of WWII and changed the battle status directly. The Japanese military lords are hoping to fight on the ground. They are convinced that with the mad dedication and perfect defense system of the Japanese nationals, the US military will pay a high price in the process of occupation, and the war will continue, and the situation may turn around. However, the terrible damage caused by the atomic bombing of the Hiroshima bombarded Japan’s illusion of resisting the end. When this reason was given, the Potsdam Declaration could be moral and justice because it led the war to the end.

2. Saved millions of American lives

Furthermore, the Potsdam Declaration also played an important role in saving thousands of American lives. If the allied army of the United States entered the mainland of Japan, more battles would be expected to happen. By that I mean more people might lose their lives. Young Americans will still be sent to the battleground, the weapons would still be produced in the factory. and people would die under the ballets and the bombs. The Philip et al. (2016) states that if the war kept on going, American army would attack the mainland of Japan, which would not only stretch the duration of the war, but also create more sacrifices on the battleground. At that time, the Japanese military was in a radical margin. They used radical ways to fight against American military like suicide attacks. For instance, the Japanese pilots would drive their combats aircrafts directly to the American warship and crushed them without caring about sacrificing. The only way to stop this was to drop the atomic bomb and awoke the fear of Japanese government. According to the article The Strange Myth of Half a Million American Lives saved (Rufus et al,. p 121-140, 1985), for a more detailed assessment of the plan's allied forces, US Army Secretary estimated that if he landed in Japan, there would be about 400,000-800,000 soldiers die in the war because Japanese army would attack them without considering their own loss. Churchill said that it would be 1 million. Also Rufus et al(1985) demonstrated that the Potsdam Declaration made a great decision of dropping the atomic bomb, which cancel the original plan for batting in Japanese mainland. People’s lives were saved, and the Potsdam Declaration pushes American’s opinion to morality again because it reduced unnecessary sacrifice.

3. A moral revenge to Japanese government

Another reason for Potsdam Declaration stands on a high moral ground is that the mission of dropping the atomic bomb was a revenge against the Japanese government, which means that tooth for tooth, an eye for an eye. According to Why Truman Dropped the Atomic Bomb on Japan (Tom et al,. 2018), the Japanese army used to attack the Pearl Harbor and started war with America in the Pacific Ocean. Moreover, the evil activity of Japan that killed 300,000 innocent citizens when the Japanese army entered into the downtown of Nanking, which seriously broke the rule of Untied Nations Treaty and the basic morality as human-beings. Therefore, Japan was the first who acted immorally in the war. Moreover, Japanese army became crazy at the end of the war for taking back any chance to win the war though they finally lost everything. For prohibiting the spread of Japanese ambition that dominating all areas of Asia, the two atomic bombs were considered seriously before for moral problem.

The immoral points

'''1.	The power of the atomic bomb caused death and illnesses ''' The atomic bomb dropped in Hiroshima killed almost 90,000 people all of a sudden. However, after the bomb, the casualty was increasing at a staggering rate even after the bomb dropped because of the illnesses. The intense light waves blinded thousands of people. Radiation rain brought diseases like cancer, leukemia. T atomic bomb danger even exists for the human’s next generation and causes malformation of the children. And the major brain of inventing and testing the atomic bomb Oppenheimer felt guilty and self-accusation because his achievement killed thousands of innocent civilians of Hiroshima, as same as Einstein. And right now, the global societies have already banned the use of the atomic bomb because of its antihuman destruction.

References

Beschloss, M. R. (1995, July 30). Did We Need to Drop It? Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/30/books/did-we-need-to-drop-it.html

Japan accepts Potsdam terms, agrees to unconditional surrender. (2009, November 05). Retrieved from https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japan-accepts-potsdam-terms-agrees-to-unconditional-surrender

Nichols, T. (2018, March 15). Why Truman Dropped the Atomic Bomb on Japan (He Had No Other Choice). Retrieved from https://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/why-truman-dropped-the-atomic-bomb-japan-he-had-no-other-24919

Royde-Smith, J. G., & Hughes, T. A. (2018, December 30). World War II. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-II/Hiroshima-and-Nagasaki#ref512277

(n.d.). Retrieved from https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb525-The-Atomic-Bomb-and-the-End-of-World-War-II/

The Atomic Bombs Saved 35 Million Lives. (2016, May 06). Retrieved from https://scottthong.wordpress.com/2008/05/27/the-atomic-bombs-saved-35-million-lives/

Warner, D., & Tribune, I. H. (1995, July 27). The Ultimatum to Japan Didn't Detail Consequences. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/27/opinion/IHT-the-ultimatum-to-japan-didnt-detail-consequences.html

(n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bestchinanews.com/History/4055.html

(n.d.). Retrieved from https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/wwii/107184.htm

Buren, P. V. (2017, May 23). Was the Atomic Bomb Needed? Hiroshima and Moral Injury. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/was-the-atomic-bomb-needed-hiroshima-and-moral-injury_us_59243192e4b0b28a33f62f60

Editors, H. (2009, November 18). The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Retrieved from https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/bombing-of-hiroshima-and-nagasaki

How a Refrigerator Led to Einstein's Pleas for Atomic Bomb Research. (2017, June 20). Retrieved from https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/06/nuclear-weapons-atom-bomb-einstein-genius-science/

J. Robert Oppenheimer. (1904, April 22). Retrieved from https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/j-robert-oppenheimer

Nanking massacre memorial day is no different to Pearl Harbor remembrance, says Beijing. (2014, March 01). Retrieved from https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1437326/japan-puzzled-new-chinese-national-remembrance-days

Paul Tibbets. (1915, February 23). Retrieved from https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/paul-tibbets

Schawbel, D. (2018, January 19). 10 Workplace Trends You'll See In 2018. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/danschawbel/2017/11/01/10-workplace-trends-youll-see-in-2018/#7575ddf14bf2

Survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. (2017, July 27). Retrieved from https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/survivors-hiroshima-and-nagasaki

Terkel, S. (2002, August 06). Nuclear special: Why the pilot of the Enola Gay has no regrets. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/aug/06/nuclear.japan