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Weather effects
There are a number of possible environmental contributors to the accident that caused the anchor of the ship carrying the oil to release spilling tons of oil into the ocean. Weather conditions are the main focus for this accident. The atmospheric, wave, and current conditions have been analyzed for the time of the accident in which contributed to the vessels failure to operate effectively. According to the data collected by oil spill forecast systems, met.no, BSH, DAMSA and analyzed by the NCA there were a number of environmental factors present, indicating a low pressure system that resulted in high wind strengths, wave heights, and cyclonic current patterns along the Norwegian coast. The cyclonic current pattern that resulted in extreme wave heights occurring at the time of the accident were likely caused by a Doppler shift effect by the ship kickstarted by winds in that region that would’ve driven the extreme damage the oil spill performed along the coast. The Doppler effect is relevant to this event as a Doppler and the constant wave frequency that can cause different effects with regards to winds and currents likely impacted the wide dispersal of the spilled oil. There was an estimated amount of 300 tons of bunker oil spilled and spread over 70km of the Norwegian coastline after the ship grounded. Due to the dangerous weather conditions at the time of the accident, it is likely that the cleanup crews were on hold and as a result were unable to reduce the area in which the oil spread increasing the damage of the oil spill on the environment. Due to Norway’s cold climate and ice coverage, this is a factor to consider when analyzing oil spills in this region and how the presence/absence of ice can hinder or exasperate the spread of oil. In a study performed on oil spills in the Arctic using simulations, the warming of the region was considered for future spills compared to a current spill and how ice coverage correlated to the spread of oil in the water and on the shoreline. It was concluded that climate change drives an increase in temperature and melting of ice in the Arctic, oil spills with travel larger distances as well cover more surface area in the ocean/shoreline, therefore, as global warming progresses it is likely that oil spills will be more impactful on the environment. Oil spills are disastrous to the environment, and with more extreme weather conditions becoming more common as a result of climate change, it is important for oil companies to constantly be making upgrades to equipment etc, and increasing their training to prepare and respond to these types of situations.

Wildlife consequences
Oil spills heavily impact marine wildlife and birds survival in a number of ways. Wildlife exposure to oil is life threatening and can be detrimental to the populations without the aid of humans to cleanup and treat those affected. Containing the spill is crucial to reduce the effect on wildlife and because of the delay in the response of the Full City oil spill there was greater impact on hundreds of mammals. Ingestion, inhalation, and absorption are three ways in which mammals can consume oil and many toxic substances from the environment which poses great risk for a widespread effect of oil spills as mammals can be affected even when not directly in contact with the pollutant. This contributes to the large impact of the Full City spill on seabirds along the coast, specifically, those in a bird sanctuaries near the site of the spill where over 1500 birds were believed to have been covered in oil and a significantly higher number of birds overall affected. Due to the density of bunker oil in relation to sea water, it in known to have a larger and longer impact on the environment compared to lighter pollutants such as gasoline as it is able to sink and interrupt more of the environment, whereas gasoline is more likely to dissolve or evaporate and therefore has a less severe impact to the aquatic environment as well as bring less invasive to cleanup.. there are many different methods used to cleanup oil from marine habitats, such as manual extraction, absorption, chemical breakdown, washed off shores with pressure hoses etc. . Although this is withdrawing oil from the environment, these processes further damage and delay the restoration process of health to these habitats and populations. A study performed on the impacts of oil used algorithms and modelled various sizes of spills, types of oil spilled along with current, wind, weathering, factors and how it is correlated to biological consequences such as habitat and population destruction. It is concluded that the destruction of organisms population is directly correlated to the water/shore area in which the spills covers and how dissolved particles of the pollutants greatly impact fish/larvae growth and survival. These damages can indicate that over 70km of the Norwegian coastline was polluted with the oil from this spill indicating many, many habitats were destroyed as well as irreparable damage to species populations as a result.