User:1Butterboi/Williams Tube Sandbox/Sandbox

Copeland, B. (2011). The Manchester Computer: A revised history part 1: The memory. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 33(1), 4–21. https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2010.1


 * This article allows me to represent the creation of the “Manchester Project” which was ultimately focused on the Manchester Computer. “The Manchester Baby” as it was nicknamed was created in 1948 and this article focuses on the creation of the Williams-Kilburn Tube and its applications to this computer. This article is in compliance with Wikipedias Reliable Source Guidelines as the article itself is reputably published and references other sources as well as the source data written by Williams and Kilburn themselves.

Ralston, A. (2003). Williams Tube Memory. In Encyclopedia of computer science (pp. 1851–1853). essay, John Wiley and Sons Ltd. Retrieved September 30, 2022.


 * This article expresses the technical aspects and detailed creation and operation of the invention. It also compares it to the only other major method of storing data for the time period which was ultrasonic delay lines. This article also follows the Wikipedia guidelines as it focuses on referencing published articles from Williams and Kilburn and other major British publications out of Manchester; the birth place of “The Manchester Baby”.

Williams, F. C., Kilburn, T., Litting, C. N. W., Edwards, D. B. G., & Hoffman, G. R. (1953). Recent advances in cathode-ray-tube storage. Proceedings of the IEE - Part II: Power Engineering, 100(77), 523–539. https://doi.org/10.1049/pi-2.1953.0148


 * This article takes the older schematics of the cathode-ray tube (CRT) and expands upon it utilizing modern technology. The questions it attempts to answer are the following: “The existence of electron-cloud pulses.The effect of variation in the speed of the edges of the cathode-ray-tube grid waveform. The mean potential of the cathode-ray-tube screen surface. The depth of a well. Possible variation of well depth with beam current.
 * Although published in 1953, this was the latest advancements known regarding CRT’s application to storage, although they are often used today in “tube TV’s”, multiple aerospace applications such as IFR devices, and specific hospital display devices.

Lavington, S. (2019). Appendix C. mark I and mark I* hardware details. History of Computing, 331–344. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15103-4_16


 * This article allows me to recognize other advancements in hardware that were part of the first two iterations of the Manchester Computer. This allows me to recognize and compare how these technologies functioned together as well as what sort of compute power the Williams-Kilburn Tube was able to process in its early stages. This article also has a large amount of photos and technical information as well as a multitude of references I would hopefully be able to refer to later in my research.