User:A.ctu12/sandbox


 * Marine fungi
 * Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference?
 * Yes
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 * No distractions
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 * Mostly research literature
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 * Mostly facts
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 * all links work. No.
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 * No

Taxonomy

There are three families of cyanophages: Myoviridae, Siphoviridae and Podoviridae, which all contain double stranded DNA that infect bacteria and archaea. Cyanophages have been designated by the host but, according to Safferman, cyanophages have a broad range of hosts, which cause difficulties with the taxonomy of cyanobacteria; and in turn, do not reflect relations within the viruses. Other classification through serological or morphological properties and morphological and physiological-biochemical properties are currently used to classify cyanophages. The suggested procedure of naming strains that include taxonomic association it Cyanophage Xx-YYZaa, where Xx is the first two letters of the genus and species names of host where the type specimen is found, YY is the origin of the specimen, Z is the virus family, and aa is the reference number of the virus.

Morphology

The type species for Cyanomyovirus, which belong to Myoviridae, is Cyanophage AS-1, which was isolated from waste stabilization ponds. The tails have been observed as either contractile or noncontractile with a length of 20-244nm and 15-23nm in width. They generally have isometric hexagonal heads with a diameter ranging from 55-90nm. There is large morphological variation in this group, which suggests a variety of host species. At the point of attachment between the long tail and the head there is a base plate where short pins are attached, contractile sheath, and an internal core.

Cyanopodovirus, within the Podoviridae, are present in both fresh and marine water. The type specimen of cyanopodovirus is Cyanophage LPP-1, which infects Lyngbya, Plectonema and Phormidium. Their viral head capsids are polyhedron shaped appear hexagonal. The tails are hollow with six fold radial symmetry made of rings of six subunits with unknown orientation. Similar to cyanomyovirus, they can be found in waste stabilization ponds, have isometric capsids of similar size but have shorter tails.

Cyanostylovirus belong to the family Siphoviridae, where the type species is Cyanophage S-1, which is known to infect Synechococcus. With a smaller head than the previous genuses, of 50nm in diameter but  long tail of 140 nm. Other genus in this family have tails that ranges from 200 to 300nm.