User:ANTH-Conde/sandbox

Article Evaluation

Article - Regional accents of English: Article chosen: African-American English
 * Everything in this article is relevant to the topic and nicely labeled with specific regions and their accents.
 * In this article there are some opinion-based statements, however, they don't sway the reader towards a particular side because there simply is no side to choose.
 * There arent many viewpoints considering this article is fact-based and only gives information of the different regional accents.
 * The links work and come from neutral reliable sources.
 * Most of the information is consistent with what we have been learning so far in the course.
 * I dont know much of the linguistic aspect of African American English but being African-American myself, this seems like i'd have a lot of insight on the topic but also, i'd like to learn more about what is considered my peoples English variety.
 * I also have taken quite a number of African American Study courses which have already prepared me with other information and sources I can contribute.

Creating a new article: English Amongst African Americans

* I have yet to decide if the information/sources I have are best used to create a new article about the topic or if they would be best used to add to the current one I chose. In the 'talk' section there are a few comments on things that can be redone in the article I chose with better sources so I might take on that challenge*.

Sources: Lead section: ‘Black English’, African American English (AAE) and African American Vernacular English (AAVE) are terms in which linguists use to describe speech used by African Americans. Ebonics (ebony 'black' and phonics 'sounds') is a less commonly used term that refers to a dialect of Standard English pertaining to American black English. This term arose in 1973 when black scholars needed to find a word that described black speech in a less derogatory manner than 'Nonstandard Negro English'. This article will discuss what exactly AAE is and how it is perceived amongst non-black speakers and how it differs/correlates to Standard American English. Canadian English peer review
 * 1) Green, Lisa J. African American English: a Linguistic Introduction. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2009
 * 2) Rickford, John R. “What Is Ebonics?” Linguistic Society of America, www.linguisticsociety.org/content/what-ebonics-african-american-english.
 * 3) Cutler, Cecilia. “Yorkville Crossing: White Teens, Hip-Hop, and African American English.” The New Sociolinguistics Reader, 2009, pp. 299–310., doi:10.1007/978-1-349-92299-4_21.
 * Most of what I wanted to say is already on the articles talk page so I would advise the student doing the article to pay attention to those.
 * Also, be sure to not reword what is already being said in the article, adds too many unnecessary sentences that could confuse the reader.

Peer Review of Your Article
Not sure if this is where this is supposed to go, so I apologize in advance if this is wrong! -Jendoss9

Your sources, grammar, and spelling all look great! The only thing I would watch out for is having a conversational tone in your writing style. I only noticed one instance of this when you wrote, "This term arose in 1973 when a few black scholars needed...". 'A few' isn't a verifiable number, so maybe just write 'when black scholars needed'. Other than that, everything looks awesome!

> I agree with this and have made the change.

>Adding ebonics as another name for AAE in order to fit with my contributions: "African-American English (AAE), also known as Ebonics or Black English in North American linguistics, is the set of English dialects primarily spoken by most black people in North America;

Expanding the "African-American Standard English" section:

"African-American Standard English is the prestigious end of the middle-class African-American language continuum, used for more formal, careful, or public settings than AAVE. This variety exhibits standard English vocabulary and grammar but often retains elements of the unique AAVE accent. Most middle-class African Americans are typically bi-dialectal between this variety and AAVE, learning this variety through schooling. Adults will frequently even codeswitch between the two varieties within a single conversation." '''Omission of the final consonant in words such as 'with' (wit) or "and" (an) is commonly seen among those who use AAE. These omissions can also be seen in non African-American vernacular English, typically in the south'''. '''African-American English is not much different than the more common Standard American English (SAE). In many cases the specific words being used are the same and occur the way in which they structurally would occur in SAE sentences. For example, the word kitchen is often used to describe a place, in SAE, it is commonly known as a place in which one goes to cook or stores their food. In AAE or ebonics, the word kitchen can be used to describe the hair at the base of ones neck that is typically unruly.'''

New Edition/Section 04/15/18: Arfrican American English in Education

For quite some time African American English has been associated with a lower level of education because it is believed that AAE is SAE with mistakes. However, this idea is completely false. As early as the sixties, linguists were able to demonstrate that those who use AAE or black speech, do use a "legitimate, rule-governed, and fully developed dialect The techniques used to improve the proficiency of African-American students learning Standard English have been similar to that of teaching a second language . Contrastive analysis is incorporated when teaching AAE education. Both the phonological and syntactic features of a students speech can be analyzed and recorded in order to identify points for contrastive analysis . Standard American English is used in comparison to a target language; in this case, AAE.

05/22/18: Another way AAE can be taught is based on a strategy called communicative flexibility. This strategy focuses on language used in the home setting and analyzes speech during dramatic play. Using this method, children are taught to recognize when SAE is being used and in which occasions rather than conforming to the speech around them in order to sound correct .

05/29/18: transferring of work done in sandbox to Wikipedia and addition of conclusion to the education the section Although the stigmatization of AAE has continued, even still today, AAE remains because it has functioned as a social identity marker for many African-Americans. The goal with teaching SAE in educational settings is not to supersede ones native vernacular English, but to help students understand when their native vernacular should and should not be used in certain social settings.