User:Abaldwin3/Diphasic Sex Expression

Diphasic sex expression: a plant will produce only female/male flowers dependent on the plants size and age. Labile sex expression is similar in that perennial plants growth will determine which sex is dominantly expressed. Investment into sexual reproduction is strong regardless of which sex is dominant, and is dependent on biological factors of these reproductive structures. Example given by Cruzan: "If minimum investment required for successful reproduction through pollen were lower than for seeds, the smaller plants would accrue higher fitness by investing only in reproduction though male function."

Evolutionary Biology A Plant Perspective, M. B. Cruzan