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= Arundinaria alabamensis =

Arundinaria alabamensis is bamboo species commonly known as Tallapo cane. The plant species is endemic to Alabama and is primarily found in the east-central part of the State, mainly the Piedmont Upland physiographic province. Currently, A. alabamensis is the 4th species of native bamboo in the USA.

Description
Arundinaria alabamensis is about 1.0-2.5 meter tall, with erect and tillering internodes. The nodes are solitary with one bud per node on a triangular shoulder of the prophyll ciliate. The culm leaves at mid-culm are shorter, but becoming increasingly longer towards the culm apex. with 3–5 shortened or compressed internodes at the base of the primary branch. Like most other north American woody bamboos, the rhizomes of A. alabamensis are leptomorphic. The growing tips of the new rhizomes travel only a short distance and then turn upward to form a new culm, indicating a sympodial branching pattern.

Habitat
Arundinaria alabamensis can mainly be found in oak-hickory forests and woodlands. The species can also grow along hillside seepages, less typically in more mesic sites, seeps, and sometimes along perennial streams with sandy and loamy soil,

Conservation
Arundinaria alabamensis is endemic to Alabama, particularly in the Piedmont Upland physiographic province of Macon County north to Cleburne County and roughly tracks the Tallapoosa watershed. Further research need to be conducted to fully grasp the distribution of A. alamamensis within the given geographical areas. The ecology of the areas in which this new species is located also need to be surveyed to fully document the conservation status and the threats facing this new species