User:Abbyquinn15/sandbox

Being bold

Potential Articles

-Adenylyl Cyclase: needs more citations for verification

-Insulin Signal Transduction Pathway: factual accuracy was disputed, unclear citation style

-Small conditional RNA: needs more information

-Sugar signal transduction: very preliminary, needs much more information and sources

1) Article Evaluation: Adenylyl Cyclase


 * Content:
 * "Citation needed" listed after the second sentence of the article, which discusses the different classes of adenylyl cyclase and their unrelated gene families
 * Overall, sources are needed for many of the sections. The sections for Classes I, II, III, IV, V, VI do not contain any citations at all which definitely needs to be changed.
 * Tone:
 * The Article has a neutral tone, which is ideal.
 * Sources:
 * Links for the 8 references work, but as said before, the article needs many more reliable citations added in order to improve it.
 * Talk Page:
 * Article is part of WikiProject Cell Signaling
 * rating: C-Class
 * Mid-Importance
 * Article is also part of WikiProject Molecular and Cell Biology
 * rating: C-Class
 * Mid-importance
 * Talk page discussed the need for the legend of Figure 1 to be changed in order to make it more accurate.

2) Article Evaluation: Adenosine A1 Receptor


 * Content:
 * Has 13 references, which is decent for a start class article
 * Content is good, but definitely could use more information to make the article stronger.
 * Introduction and background is sparse and there should be more added in the first paragraph
 * Tone:
 * Neutral tone, no bias.
 * Sources:
 * As stated above, there are 13 sources that are from reliable sources.
 * However, there is not a citation every 1-2 sentences which should be improved.
 * Talk Page:
 * Article is part of Wikiproject Molecular and Cell Biology
 * Rating: start-class
 * Low importance
 * only one entry that discussed a change made, where new section labeled "Signaling" was added and the references in the section were updated

3) Article Evaluation: 5-HT Receptor


 * content:
 * Article seems very well researched and updated
 * May need a few tweaks here and there with more information and minor edits, but overall it seems very well done
 * Tone:
 * Neutral tone which is the desired tone for Wikipedia articles
 * Sources:
 * There are a plethora of sources for this article
 * There are 99 total sources
 * Talk Page:
 * Article is a part of the Wikiproject Molecular and Cell Biology
 * Rating: start-class
 * Mid Importance
 * Talk page has many entries with the last one being from 2017

Article Selection

Adenylyl Cyclase (Chosen Article)


 * Content:
 * Overall, set up is okay, but I believe there should be more information added to the sections on classes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6. What seems to be the most important change to be made to this article is the addition of citations following most of the content.
 * There are citations included mostly for the section on Class III adenylyl cyclase, but could be more added to make the articled more reliable. Most importantly though, citations are needed for all other classes, which is what I plan to do to help improve the accuracy of this article.
 * Needs more added for regulation and function sections.
 * Lastly, the second sentence lists that there is a citation needed, therefore I plan to look into the literature and find a reliable source for the information on the homology of the six classes of adenylyl cyclase.
 * Tone:
 * Article is neutral.
 * It does not include citations or information from biased groups of researchers, but again does need improvement on the amount of citations.
 * Sources:
 * missing sources in some places
 * should definitely check information that is missing citations
 * Talk Page:
 * Article is part of WikiProjects Cell Signaling and Molecular and Cell Biology
 * Quality scale: C-Class
 * Article importance: mid-importance
 * Talk about need for more accurate information for the legend in Figure 1. Needs to show that different types of receptors can use ATP/GTP
 * Clarification on the difference between the names, adenylyl cyclase or adenylate cyclase.
 * Both are synonymous and are accurate names for the enzyme.

Potential Sources for Article

 * Citation number 1: Citation was needed for the second sentence of the article, which discussed the distinct classes of adenylyl cyclases. It stated that they all catalyze the same reaction, but come from unrelated gene families with no structural homology. I found an article that discussed this and could also be useful for other portions of the article such as the sections regarding classes I, II, IV, V, and VI which do not contain any citations. The citation is pasted at the bottom of the page


 * Citation number 2: Found another citation that discusses information about the different classes of cyclases, which I think will be able to link citations for in the sections of the article that do not contain any. Citation is provided at bottom of the page.
 * Citation number 3: Cell Signaling textbook has great information regarding adenylyl cyclase which would be useful to add. In addition, there is information regarding regulation that would definitely prove to be useful since I believe that the article needs more information on the regulation aspect of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it has information in relation to the cell signaling aspect of adenylyl cyclase which is not touched upon in detail in the article and I feel that that would be a great way to improve it.
 * Overall, I am hoping to add more information regarding regulation and additional information about the cell signaling aspect of adenylyl cyclase as that is relevant to our class and I find that interesting. I am hoping to also add a few citations where they are needed in the article since there are only 8 listed for the entire article. These sources meet the highest requirements of the Wikipedia rubric, as they are going to be added to sentences that were not associated with a supporting reference. The rubric states that every statement should be supported with a citation and I plan to add these 4 sources to the relevant sentences in the article so that all sentences that I am adding citations to are associated with a review or textbook reference. Additionally, the new content I have added below has every statement associated with a reference as per the highest standards of the Wikipedia rubric.

Plan to post these on the talk page and see if there are any comments. I plan to hopefully find more recent articles on this topic, but it proved to be hard to find ones regarding the information on the page. It seems that the page has not been worked on in a while, since the most recent post on the talk page was from 2007.

Final Work On Adenylyl Cyclase
Summary of New Additions:

In regards to this article, I will be adding my first citation to the second sentence of the article, as it did not contain a citation and says "citation needed." Additionally, I will be adding the second citation to the other sentences that speak of the different classes of adenylyl cyclases, since the primary problem with this article is that there are very minimal citations and many sentences do not have citations. Also there does not exist any citations in the regulation section, so I plan to add both my third and fourth citations to that paragraph on regulation. My fourth citation spoke about adenylyl cyclase as a coincidence detector and I plan to add that citation to the sentence that says "(source?)." after it. I felt that it was imperative to find a citation that specifically gave information regarding adenylyl cyclase as a coincidence detector as it was indicated in the article that a source was necessary for that information.

Furthermore, I plan to add a little information to the regulation section regarding Gs (stimulatory G proteins) and Gi (inhibitory G proteins) because they are only mentioned in the article as follows: "Adenylyl cyclase is dually regulated by G proteins (Gs stimulating activity and Gi inhibiting it), and by forskolin, as well as other isoform-specific effectors:" I believe that it is important to add more information on regulation and that it will make the article stronger.

My citations added to the main page are listed as citations 2, 3, 4, and 13. Citation 1 on the main page corresponds to the textbook written by John Hancock. Citation 2 on the main page corresponds to "Physiological Roles for G Protein-Regulated Adenylyl Cyclase Isoforms: Insights from Knockout and Overexpression Studies." Citation 3 on the main page corresponds to "Structure of the adenylyl cyclase catalytic core." Citation 12 on the main page corresponds to "Candida albicans developmental regulation: adenylyl cyclase as a coincidence detector of parallel signals." I also decided to add citation 10 on the main page to the sentences regarding forskolin and isoforms in the regulation section. I felt that it was important to associate both the forskolin and the bullet points regarding isoforms with an appropriate citation. Note that citation 10 was a pre-existing citation on the page, but I felt that it should be associated with more information as the Wikipedia rubric states that each sentence should be associated with a supporting reference.

New Information to be Added to the Pre-existing Content in the Regulation Section:

Adenylyl cyclase is regulated by G proteins, which can be found in the monomeric form or the heterotrimeric form, consisting of three subunits. Adenylyl cyclase activity is controlled by heterotrimeric G proteins. The inactive or inhibitory form exists when the complex consists of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, with GDP bound to the alpha subunit. In order to become active, a ligand must bind to the receptor and cause a conformational change. This conformational change causes the alpha subunit to dissociate from the complex and become bound to GTP. This G-alpha-GTP complex then binds to adenylyl cyclase and causes activation and the release of cAMP. Since a good signal requires the help of enzymes, which turn on and off signals quickly, there must also be a mechanism in which adenylyl cyclase deactivates and inhibits cAMP. The deactivation of the active G-alpha-GTP complex is accomplished rapidly by GTP hydrolysis due to the reaction being catalyzed by the intinsic enzymatic activity of GTPase located in the alpha subunit.

"Additionally, adenylyl cyclase is regulated by "forskolin, as well as other isoform-specific effectors:

Additionally, adenylyl cyclase is regulated by "forskolin[10], as well as other isoform-specific effectors: Isoforms III, V and VIII are also stimulated by Ca2+/calmodulin[10]. Isoforms I and VI are inhibited by Ca2+ in a calmodulin-independent manner[10]. Isoforms II, IV and IX are stimulated by alpha subunit of the G protein[10]. Isoforms I, V and VI are most clearly inhibited by Gi, while other isoforms show less dual regulation by the inhibitory G protein[10]."

How Highest Standards of Wikipedia Rubric Were Met:

Overall, the information that I have added below pertains to the highest standards of the Wikipedia rubric because the section/information that I have added is relevant and important. It does not duplicate any of the information that was previously stated in the article. It follows an organized fashion by first describing the structure of G proteins, followed by their activation and inhibition. It fills the key gaps in the regulation section of this article as it adds relevant information that expands upon the information regarding the regulation of adenylyl cyclase. The citations that I have added meet the highest requirements of the Wikipedia rubric, as they are going to be added to sentences that were not readily associated with a supporting reference. The rubric states that every statement should be supported with a citation. I plan to add these 4 sources to the relevant sentences in the article, so that all sentences that I am adding citations to are associated with an appropriate review or textbook reference.

I believe that there is more needed to be done in order to fully improve this article, but I believe that the changes that I have made have definitely strengthened it.