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[Copied from Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania

Top-down projects and free rural water supply (1964–1991) [edit]
After the union of the former British colonies Tanganyika and Zanzibar to form the United Republic of Tanzania in 1964, then President Julius Nyerere implemented a policy of African socialism called Ujamaa. This included the forced resettlement of dispersed rural smallholders to collective farms. One of the stated objectives of the resettlement was to facilitate the provision of education, health services as well as water supply. In the spirit of the Ujamaa the government launched a 20-year Rural Water Supply Programme (RWSP) in 1971 with the aim of providing access to adequate and safe water supply within a walking distance of 400 meters from each household by the year 1991. Under this programme, water was provided free of charge in rural areas, while moderate tariffs were charged for house connections in urban areas. Implementation was highly centralized: In 1972 the central government abolished local government authorities that were replaced by central government representatives in committees at the district and village level under a policy that was ironically labelled "decentralization". Donors supported the program by funding more than 80% of investments in water supply during the 1970s'''. However, lack of investment, inadequate technology, and a lack of water/end-user involvement in the decision-making process, ascertained by colonial elites, acquiring the politicization of water needs coupled with a top-down approach caused RWSPs failure as the Villagization apparatus took off.'''

This article laid the groundwork for understanding the Water and Sanitation sector the compound challenges that change over time by different groups, events, and individuals to meet the need for water and sanitation efforts in Tanzania. It adds chronologically to Tanzania's specific to the country and impacts on water and sanitation.

Copied for Water privatization in Dar es Salaam.

Copied from Water privatization in Dar es Salaam][edit]
Water privatization in Dar es Salaam began with the award of a 10-year lease contract signed in 2003 for Dar es Salaam, the largest city and former capital of Tanzania. It was signed between the government of Tanzania and City Water, a consortium consisting of the former British firm Biwater, Gauff Engineers from Germany and a Tanzanian company called Superdoll. The government terminated the lease contract in May 2005 amid mutual allegations of breach of contract, and deported the three top executives of City Water. '''The economic crisis of the 1980s, led by the Tanzania government under socialism, catapulted reformers. At the same time, pro-reformers sought legitimacy from international institutions and an extant logic from the United Nations Dublin Conference in 1992 that pushed for more participatory engagement within policy framing.'''

This article laid the groundwork for understanding the private sector on the compound challenges that change over time by different groups, events, and individuals to meet the need for water and sanitation efforts. This adds to Tanzania's specific to the impacts due to water privatization.