User:Abhishek D Jayswal/sandbox

NEURALINK
It is a whole new concept introduced by Ellon Musk where he has thought of interlinking the human brains to Artificial Intelligence the idea of Ellon Musk was strike in his perspective because of several incidents done by the companies towards the Artificial Intelligence. The entry of Neruralink possibly would reduce the amount of risks that it holds in the future which includes a major cutback of employment and also giving full authority into the hands of machines.They would probably soon open a new factory of that would employee machines being  work by the indicators and devices inserted by in the brains of humans by the American neurotechnology   which would be connected with their brains. It is the mechanism that would resolve major setbacks which are suffered by AI today. From the past several years there has been only few traces of AI but now this startup would create a new strategy for companies to compete in the race for profits by involving machines and human brain in the business Neuralink may possibly then be a subsidiary of Tesla, Space X or the Boring company. The company is still in its initial phase due to many of the resistance faced by the Artificial Intelligence. Not only the Company would be governed by Ellon Musk it would be also governed by several others.The head quarters of the company are in San Fransisco, US. The company is still in the earliest stages of existence. It was founded in July, 2016 and it was reported for the first time publicly in march, 2017.It is s startup company with the main aim of integrating or merging human brain with artificial intelligence. The initial purpose is of helping human brains being merge with software.He has also responded to his fans on twitter regarding his progress on a so-called "neural lace", which is a sci-fi shorthand for a brain computer interface.A neural lace is a device that allows that direction connection between a human brain and a computer. This device has the potential to become the most privacy invasive technology of our time.

Neuralink will allow our brains to keep in the intelligence race and also it will help humans to improve themselves. It will help for the people who are getting older in memory problems who can't remember through memory enhancement which is quite a medical advantage of it. short term plans of the technology would also allow humans to communicate with each other. we hope it will successfully develop brain interfaces that will ultimately aim to replace human language as we are currently knowing it. A "neural lace” would be surgically connected to a human brain and allow a user to interact with a computer without the bandwidth challenges that come with current input methods, including keyboards, mice and trackpads. Neuralink will explore how brain interfaces might alleviate the symptoms of dangerous and chronic medical conditions.

About the Co-Founders
Prof. Tim Garner works s the Associate Professor Biology at Boston University and holds a PhD. From Rockfeller University. Paul A. Merolla obtained his Ph.D in Bioengineering from the University of Pennsylvania in 2006 and has a web page of his own which talks about his various interests. Tim Hanson is another Bioengineer who co-founded the company. Vanessa Tolosa works as the Principal Investigator at the Center for Micro and Nano Technology Materials Engineering Division. She was obtained her PD.D in Chemical Engineering from the University of California in 2009. Dongjin Seo is currently a student researcher who obtained his B.S degree in electrical engineering with honours from the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, in 2011 and is currently working towards his PH.D degree in electrical engineering at the University of California Berkeley. Max Hodak is an Almuni Entrepreneur of a Silicon Valley Company. He has completed his graduation from Duke with a degree in Biomedical Engineering in 2012. Benjamin Papoport  holds a Ph.D in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science when he obtained from MIT. He was also awarded the Martha Gray Research Award of Biomedical Devices at Harvard. Prof. Philip Sabes works as a Professor at the USFC School of Medicine. He has earned a Ph.D in brain and cognitive sciences from Massachusettes Institute of Technology

History of Neuralink
Neuralink was founded by Elon Musk and eight others. Neuralink was founded in the year 2016 with an objective of developing implantable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). It is an American company and its headquarters are in San Francisco. Brain computer interface is a communication path between wired brain and the outer device.The historical backdrop of brain– PC interfaces (BCIs) begins with Hans Berger's disclosure of the electrical movement of the human cerebrum and the advancement of electroencephalography (EEG). In 1924 Berger was the first to record human mind action by methods for EEG. Berger could distinguish oscillatory action, for example, Berger's wave or the alpha wave (8– 13 Hz), by breaking down EEG follows. Elon Musk, the world's most anxious business visionary, has set out on yet another wander. Not happy with reusable rockets, electric autos, monster batteries, vacuum trains and underground streets, his most recent firm, Neuralink, trusts one day to fabricate a working mind machine interface (BMI), which would give its client a chance to control PCs just by considering. The thought isn't new – researchers have been trying different things with BMIs in labs for quite a long time – yet Musk's inclusion will sprinkle it with stardust.

Neuralink’s team is:


 * Flip Sabes- a UC San Francisco professor whose lab has worked on brain-machine interfaces
 * Ben Rapoport- a neurosurgeon who also has a PhD in electrical engineering and computer science from MIT
 * DJ Seo- who designed a new brain-machine interface concept while studying at UC Berkeley
 * Paul Merolla- who has been a designer for more than 10 brain-inspired chips
 * Vanessa Tolosa- a researcher of biocompatible materials at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
 * Max Hodak- who worked on brain-machine interface technology while at Duke University
 * Tim Hanson- a researcher at the Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center
 * Tim Gardner- an associate professor of biology at Boston University who has worked on implanting brain-machine interfaces in birds
 * Musk- who serves as the company’s CEO

Neuralink services
Elon Musk is the CEO of telsa and he want to take his company a step forward. Elon want to open startup called neuralink, where human brains were connected with a machine or we can say that "Neuralink want to merge physical and virtual into the same experience”. Elon musk wants to progress on his on exploration of technology. But we have a question that how it word be done? So, this world be done with the help if tiny electrodes. Elon musk told their customer that he will surely complete his service in 8 to 10 years and after this people will surely use it. They can actually operate this machine by their thoughts and this machine will work according to their thoughts. Musk's idea is new and great to those people who can't speak; they can use this product easily. This Service is also helpful to those who have fear to speak in front of all, this machine help them in transfer their feelings, thoughts, anger, or anything so that they can easily communicate. “BCIs don't only work with signals coming out of our brain, they can also potentially be used to put information in their ". It seems to b easy but in reality it doesn't. In this process what actually happens is that they put an electronic chip in human mind with the help of surgery. This idea may help in future be pose human don't want to waste their time in explanations and unnecessary communication. However AI research says that it would be dangerous for human civilization.

Criticism and Controversies
Elon Musk's dark warnings over Artificial Intelligence has brought him some controversy. Neuralink is facing many controversies and so does Elon musk. Musk also admitted that artificial intelligence can be the threat to human being. Researchers also said that if we insert the silicon microchip into the brain of the human being we might risk the life of that human. Musk thinks that it can at least be helpful to the disabled people or people facing brain injury. Elon musk and Facebook originator Stamp Zuckerberg have conflicted with the last naming his notices "irresponsible". Musk reacted to Check's rebuff by saying that he had talked about Artificial Intelligence with Zuckerberg and discovered him to have just a "constrained comprehension" of the subject. In 2014 Slate's Adam Elkus contended our 'most brilliant' Artificial Intelligence is about as wise as a little child—and just with regards to instrumental assignments like data review. Most robotics are as yet attempting to get a robot hand to get a ball or circled without falling over." Elkus goes ahead to contend that Musk's "summoning the evil spirit" relationship might be destructive on the grounds that it could bring about "cruel cuts" to Artificial Intelligence investigate spending plans. It may even speak to the following stage in human advancement.One reason is that opening a man's skull isn't an inconsequential method. Another is that innovation for securely recording from in excess of a hundred neurons on the double—neural tidy, neural ribbon, optical exhibits that string through your veins—remains for the most part at the diagram arrange.

REFERENCES:-

 * 1) “Elon Musk - Artificial Intelligence, Neuralink & New Forms of Government on Mars.”YouTube, 11 Mar. 2018, youtu.be/6tBZA2rygcM.
 * 2) “Elon Musk.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, www.forbes.com/profile/elon-musk/.“Elon Musk.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, www.forbes.com/profile/elon-musk/.
 * 3) “What Is Neuralink - Neural Lace Explained.” YouTube, YouTube, 21 Apr. 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6n26bBBr80.
 * 4) “Neuralink, What Does It Do?” YouTube, YouTube, 21 Jan. 2018, www.youtube.com/watch?v=_K2nx8DaYSs.
 * 5) Lacoma, Tyler. “Everything You Need to Know about Neuralink: Elon Musk's Brainy New Venture.” Digital Trends, Digital Trends, 7 Nov. 2017, www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/neuralink-elon-musk/.
 * 6) “Elon Musk.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 15 Apr. 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk.
 * 7) Bloomberg. “Download Your Brain? Musk's New Startup Focuses on 'Neural Lacing'.”IndustryWeek, 11 Apr. 2018, www.industryweek.com/emerging-technologies/download-your-brain-musks-new-startup-focuses-neural-lacing.
 * 8) Conversation, Christopher Markou With The. “What Could Possibly Go Wrong... Experts Reveal the Dangers of Elon Musk's Radical Neuralink Brain Interface.” Daily Mail Online, Associated Newspapers, 2 May 2017, www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4466498/Experts-reveal-dangers-Elon-Musk-s-Neuralink.html.
 * 9) Dowd, Maureen. “Elon Musk's Billion-Dollar Crusade to Stop the A.I. Apocalypse.” The Hive, Vanity Fair, 26 May 2017, www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/03/elon-musk-billion-dollar-crusade-to-stop-ai-space-x.
 * 10) Regalado, Antonio. “Two Professors Sold Elon Musk the Name ‘Neuralink’ without Realizing It.” MIT Technology Review, MIT Technology Review, 7 Apr. 2017, www.technologyreview.com/s/604037/meet-the-guys-who-sold-neuralink-to-elon-musk-without-even-realizing-it/.
 * 11) Regalado, Antonio. “Elon Musk's Incredibly Naïve Neuroscience.” MIT Technology Review, MIT Technology Review, 1 May 2017, www.technologyreview.com/s/604254/with-neuralink-elon-musk-promises-human-to-human-telepathy-dont-believe-it/.