User:Abidur.rafi24/Acetoacetyl-CoA

Article body
"It also takes a similar role in the ketone bodies synthesis (ketogenesis) pathway of the liver."

Reference:

" it is acted upon by HMG-CoA synthase to form HMG-CoA."

Reference:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1096719212003174?casa_token=Sszq5ouIzckAAAAA:Si5ZLz3-pB8kQQVUKhD690eTGN8ecfelCayDwKuvpcNimmNhJ2u2AO_uo2RkpXVvyUBD-EpV6_c

Mutations:
Mitochondrial Acetoacetyl-CoA Thiolase also known as Thiolase II, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of acetoacetyl-CoA within ketogenesis as mentioned, but also involved within acetoacetyl-CoA cleavage in ketolysis. It is also observed to play a role within cleavage of acetyl-CoA from acetoacetyl-CoA and 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA. The enzyme is involved in an autosomal recessive disorders that impacts the catabolism of ketone bodies and isoleucine: Beta-Ketothiolase deficiency, leading to their deficiency within mitochondria. The mutation takes place within the acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (ACAT) gene mapped on chromosome 11q22.3-23.1.

https://accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=852&sectionid=49517949#58076331

Mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase (HMG-CoA Synthase) is another inherited autosomal recessive disorder affecting the catabolism of ketone bodies and can lead to the build-up of Acetoacetyl-CoA. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s004390100554

Additional Application:
Acetoacetyl-CoA also behaves as a product of Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase (AACS) within the cytosol, using acetoacetate as the substrate, the reaction provides acetyl groups for lipogenesis. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23123469/#:~:text=Abstract,as%20the%20precursors%20for%20lipogenesis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23123469/#:~:text=Abstract,as%20the%20precursors%20for%20lipogenesis.]

Understanding acetoacetyl-CoA is important in cholesterol development and lipogenesis and Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase playing a role in its development, it also plays a significant role within the brain. Cholesterol and fats have been observed in high concentrations within neuronal tissue, as well as high AACS mRNA expression levels within cells of the hippocampus and cortical region. In addition, they play a significant role in neuronal development during the early embryonic and fetal developmental stages. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006291X12018232?via%3Dihub

References:
1. Hasegawa, Shinya; Noda, Kazuki; Maeda, Akina; Matsuoka, Masaru; Yamasaki, Masahiro; Fukui, Tetsuya (2012-11-01). "Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase, a ketone body-utilizing enzyme, is controlled by SREBP-2 and affects serum cholesterol levels". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 107 (3): 553–560. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.08.017. ISSN 1096-7192.

2. Bissonnette, Bruno; Luginbuehl, Igor; Marciniak, Bruno; Dalens, Bernard J. (2006), "Mitochondrial Acetoacetyl-CoA Thiolase (ACAT) Deficiency", Syndromes: Rapid Recognition and Perioperative Implications, New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies, retrieved 2022-12-08

3. Aledo, Rosa; Zschocke, Johannes; Pié, Juan; Mir, Cecilia; Fiesel, Sonja; Mayatepek, Ertan; Hoffmann, Georg F.; Casals, Núria; Hegardt, Fausto G. (2001-07-01). "Genetic basis of mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase deficiency". Human Genetics. 109 (1): 19–23. doi:10.1007/s004390100554. ISSN 1432-1203.

4. Hasegawa, Shinya; Ikeda, Yotaro; Yamasaki, Masahiro; Fukui, Tetsuya (2012). "The role of acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase, a ketone body-utilizing enzyme, in 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 35 (11): 1980–1985. doi:10.1248/bpb.b12-00435. ISSN 1347-5215. PMID 23123469.

5.Hasegawa, Shinya; Kume, Hiroki; Iinuma, Sayuri; Yamasaki, Masahiro; Takahashi, Noriko; Fukui, Tetsuya (2012-10-19). "Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase is essential for normal neuronal development". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 427 (2): 398–403. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.076. ISSN 0006-291X.