User:Abyssal/Birds by color



This list of birds of West Virginia includes species documented in the U.S. state of West Virginia and accepted by the West Virginia Bird Records Committee of the Brooks Bird Club (BBC). As of March 2020 the published list contained 352 species. Of them, 65 are classified as rare, five have been introduced to North America, and two are extinct. An additional 16 species are classified as hypothetical (see below).

This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the Check-list of North and Middle American Birds, 7th edition through the 61st Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS). Common and scientific names are also those of the Check-list, except that the common names of families are from the Clements taxonomy because the AOS list does not include them.

Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below are considered to occur regularly in West Virginia as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. The following tags are used to designate some species:


 * (R) Rare - species on the West Virginia review list
 * (H) Hypothetical - species reported, but with insufficient documentation to confirm
 * (I) Introduced - a species that has been introduced to North America by the actions of humans
 * (E) Extinct - a recent species that no longer exists

In addition, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies one species as endangered, six as vulnerable , and eighteen as near-threatened. The IUCN also lists one species as critically endangered which the BBC considers extinct.

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl
Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

Black
 * Black-bellied whistling-duck, Dendrocygna autumnalis (R)
 * Brant, Branta bernicla
 * Cackling goose, Branta hutchinsii
 * Canada goose, Branta canadensis
 * American black duck, Anas rubripes
 * Redhead, Aythya americana


 * Ring-necked duck, Aythya collaris
 * Greater scaup, Aythya marila
 * Lesser scaup, Aythya affinis


 * King eider, Somateria spectabilis (R)


 * Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus (R)


 * Surf scoter, Melanitta perspicillata
 * White-winged scoter, Melanitta deglandi
 * Black scoter, Melanitta americana
 * Long-tailed duck, Clangula hyemalis


 * Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola


 * Common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula


 * Hooded merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus


 * Common merganser, Mergus merganser


 * Red-breasted merganser, Mergus serrator

Gray


 * Greater white-fronted goose, Anser albifrons
 * Brant, Branta bernicla


 * Wood duck, Aix sponsa


 * Green-winged teal, Anas carolinensis


 * Redhead, Aythya americana


 * Ring-necked duck, Aythya collaris
 * Greater scaup, Aythya marila
 * Lesser scaup, Aythya affinis


 * King eider, Somateria spectabilis (R)


 * Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus (R)


 * Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola

White
 * Black-bellied whistling-duck, Dendrocygna autumnalis (R)
 * Snow goose, Anser caerulescens
 * Ross's goose, Anser rossii
 * Brant, Branta bernicla
 * Mute swan, Cygnus olor
 * Trumpeter swan, Cygnus buccinator
 * Tundra swan, Cygnus columbianus


 * Canvasback, Aythya valisineria


 * King eider, Somateria spectabilis (R)


 * Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus (R)


 * Long-tailed duck, Clangula hyemalis


 * Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola


 * Common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula


 * Hooded merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus


 * Common merganser, Mergus merganser


 * Red-breasted merganser, Mergus serrator

Brown
 * Black-bellied whistling-duck, Dendrocygna autumnalis (R)
 * Greater white-fronted goose, Anser albifrons
 * Brant, Branta bernicla
 * Cackling goose, Branta hutchinsii


 * Canada goose, Branta canadensis


 * Wood duck, Aix sponsa


 * Blue-winged teal, Spatula discors


 * Cinnamon teal, Spatula cyanoptera (R)


 * Northern shoveler, Spatula clypeata


 * Green-winged teal, Anas carolinensis


 * Canvasback, Aythya valisineria


 * Gadwall, Mareca strepera
 * Eurasian wigeon, Mareca penelope (R)
 * American wigeon, Mareca americana
 * Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos


 * Northern pintail, Anas acuta


 * Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus (R)


 * Hooded merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus


 * Red-breasted merganser, Mergus serrator


 * Ruddy duck, Oxyura jamaicensis

Red


 * Wood duck, Aix sponsa


 * Cinnamon teal, Spatula cyanoptera (R)


 * Canvasback, Aythya valisineria


 * Redhead, Aythya americana


 * King eider, Somateria spectabilis (R)


 * Ruddy duck, Oxyura jamaicensis

Orange


 * Cinnamon teal, Spatula cyanoptera (R)


 * Canvasback, Aythya valisineria

Yellow


 * King eider, Somateria spectabilis (R)

Green


 * Wood duck, Aix sponsa


 * Northern shoveler, Spatula clypeata


 * Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos


 * American wigeon, Mareca americana


 * Green-winged teal, Anas carolinensis


 * Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola


 * Common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula

Blue


 * Wood duck, Aix sponsa


 * Blue-winged teal, Spatula discors


 * Northern shoveler, Spatula clypeata


 * Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus (R)


 * Ruddy duck, Oxyura jamaicensis

Indigo

Violet


 * Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola

New World quail
Order: GalliformesFamily: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.


 * Northern bobwhite, Colinus virginianus

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Pheasants, grouse, and allies
Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.


 * Wild turkey, Meleagris gallopavo
 * Ruffed grouse, Bonasa umbellus
 * Ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus (I)

Grebes
Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Black


 * Pied-billed grebe, Podilymbus podiceps


 * Horned grebe, Podiceps auritus


 * Eared grebe, Podiceps nigricollis (R)


 * Red-necked grebe, Podiceps grisegena

Gray


 * Pied-billed grebe, Podilymbus podiceps

White


 * Red-necked grebe, Podiceps grisegena

Brown


 * Horned grebe, Podiceps auritus


 * Eared grebe, Podiceps nigricollis (R)


 * Red-necked grebe, Podiceps grisegena

Red


 * Eared grebe, Podiceps nigricollis (R)


 * Red-necked grebe, Podiceps grisegena

Orange

Yellow


 * Horned grebe, Podiceps auritus

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Pigeons and doves
Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.


 * Rock pigeon, Columba livia (I)
 * Eurasian collared-dove, Streptopelia decaocto (I) (R except in Monroe Co.)
 * Passenger pigeon, Ectopistes migratorius (E)
 * Inca dove, Columbina inca (R)
 * White-winged dove, Zenaida asiatica
 * Mourning dove, Zenaida macroura

Cuckoos
Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs.


 * Yellow-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus
 * Black-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus

Nightjars and allies
Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves.


 * Lesser nighthawk, Chordeiles acutipennis (R)
 * Common nighthawk, Chordeiles minor
 * Chuck-will's-widow, Antrostomus carolinensis
 * Eastern whip-poor-will, Antrostomus vociferus

Swifts
Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae

The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.


 * Chimney swift, Chaetura pelagica

Hummingbirds
Order: ApodiformesFamily: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.


 * Mexican violetear, Colibri thalassinus (R)
 * Ruby-throated hummingbird, Archilochus colubris
 * Black-chinned hummingbird, Archilochus alexandri (R)
 * Rufous hummingbird, Selasphorus rufus

Rails, gallinules, and coots
Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Black


 * Common gallinule, Gallinula galeata


 * American coot, Fulica americana


 * Black rail, Laterallus jamaicensis (R)

Gray


 * Sora, Porzana carolina

White

Brown


 * Clapper rail, Rallus crepitans (H)
 * King rail, Rallus elegans (R)


 * Virginia rail, Rallus limicola


 * Sora, Porzana carolina


 * Yellow rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis (R)

Red


 * Common gallinule, Gallinula galeata


 * Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus

Orange

Yellow


 * Yellow rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis (R)

Green


 * Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus

Blue


 * Common gallinule, Gallinula galeata


 * Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus

Indigo


 * Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus

Violet


 * Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus

Cranes
Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Black

Gray


 * Sandhill crane, Antigone canadensis

White


 * Sandhill crane, Antigone canadensis

Brown


 * Sandhill crane, Antigone canadensis

Red


 * Sandhill crane, Antigone canadensis

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Stilts and avocets
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.


 * Black-necked stilt, Himantopus mexicanus (R)
 * American avocet, Recurvirostra americana

Plovers and lapwings
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.


 * Black-bellied plover, Pluvialis squatarola
 * American golden-plover, Pluvialis dominica
 * Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus
 * Semipalmated plover, Charadrius semipalmatus
 * Piping plover, Charadrius melodus (R)

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Sandpipers and allies
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.


 * Upland sandpiper, Bartramia longicauda
 * Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus (R)
 * Hudsonian godwit, Limosa haemastica (R)
 * Marbled godwit, Limosa fedoa (R)
 * Ruddy turnstone, Arenaria interpres (R)
 * Great knot, Calidris tenuirostris (R)
 * Red knot, Calidris canutus (R)
 * Stilt sandpiper, Calidris himantopus
 * Sanderling, Calidris alba
 * Dunlin, Calidris alpina
 * Baird's sandpiper, Calidris bairdii
 * Least sandpiper, Calidris minutilla
 * White-rumped sandpiper, Calidris fuscicollis
 * Buff-breasted sandpiper, Calidris subruficollis
 * Pectoral sandpiper, Calidris melanotos
 * Semipalmated sandpiper, Calidris pusilla
 * Western sandpiper, Calidris mauri
 * Short-billed dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus
 * Long-billed dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus
 * Spotted sandpiper, Actitis macularius
 * Solitary sandpiper, Tringa solitaria
 * Willet, Tringa semipalmata
 * Wilson's phalarope, Phalaropus tricolor
 * Red-necked phalarope, Phalaropus lobatus
 * Red phalarope, Phalaropus fulicarius

Black

Gray

White

Brown
 * American woodcock, Scolopax minor
 * Wilson's snipe, Gallinago delicata

Red

Orange

Yellow


 * Lesser yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes
 * Greater yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Skuas and jaegers
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

Skuas and jaegers are in general medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.


 * Parasitic jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus (R)
 * Long-tailed jaeger, Stercorarius longicaudus (R)

Gulls, terns, and skimmers
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with gray or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.


 * Black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla (R)
 * Sabine's gull, Xema sabini (R)
 * Bonaparte's gull, Chroicocephalus philadelphia
 * Little gull, Hydrocoloeus minutus (H)
 * Laughing gull, Leucophaeus atricilla (R)
 * Franklin's gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan (R)
 * Ring-billed gull, Larus delawarensis
 * Herring gull, Larus argentatus
 * Iceland gull, Larus glaucoides
 * Lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus
 * Glaucous gull, Larus hyperboreus
 * Great black-backed gull, Larus marinus
 * Kelp gull, Larus dominicanus (H)
 * Sooty tern, Onychoprion fuscatus (R)
 * Least tern, Sternula antillarum (R)
 * Caspian tern, Hydroprogne caspia
 * Black tern, Chlidonias niger
 * Common tern, Sterna hirundo
 * Forster's tern, Sterna forsteri

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Loons
Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae

Loons are aquatic birds, the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but are almost hopeless on land, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body.

Black


 * Common loon, Gavia immer

Gray


 * Red-throated loon, Gavia stellata

White


 * Common loon, Gavia immer

Brown


 * Red-throated loon, Gavia stellata

Red


 * Red-throated loon, Gavia stellata

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Storks
Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills, and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a pharynx and are mute.


 * Wood stork, Mycteria americana (R)

Frigatebirds
Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.


 * Magnificent frigatebird, Fregata magnificens (H)

Anhingas
Order: SuliformesFamily: Anhingidae

Anhingas are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long straight beaks. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water.


 * Anhinga, Anhinga anhinga (H)

Cormorants and shags
Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed.


 * Great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo (R)
 * Double-crested cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus

Pelicans
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.


 * American white pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
 * Brown pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis (R)

Herons, egrets, and bitterns
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills.

Black


 * Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis


 * Little blue heron, Egretta caerulea


 * Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (R)


 * Black-crowned night-heron, Nycticorax nycticorax


 * Yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea

Gray


 * Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis


 * Great blue heron, Ardea herodias


 * Little blue heron, Egretta caerulea


 * Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (R)


 * Green heron, Butorides virescens


 * Yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea

White


 * Great egret, Ardea alba


 * Snowy egret, Egretta thula


 * Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis


 * Green heron, Butorides virescens


 * Black-crowned night-heron, Nycticorax nycticorax


 * Yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea

Brown


 * American bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus


 * Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis

Red

Orange


 * Great egret, Ardea alba

Yellow


 * Great egret, Ardea alba


 * Snowy egret, Egretta thula


 * Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis


 * Yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea

Green


 * Green heron, Butorides virescens

Blue


 * Great blue heron, Ardea herodias


 * Little blue heron, Egretta caerulea


 * Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (R)

Indigo


 * Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (R)

Violet


 * Tricolored heron, Egretta tricolor (R)


 * Green heron, Butorides virescens


 * Yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea

Ibises and spoonbills
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

The family Threskiornithidae includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings. Their bodies tend to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills.


 * White ibis, Eudocimus albus
 * Glossy ibis, Plegadis falcinellus (R)
 * White-faced ibis, Plegadis chihi (R)
 * Roseate spoonbill, Platalea ajaja (R)

New World vultures
Order: CathartiformesFamily: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.


 * Black vulture, Coragyps atratus
 * Turkey vulture, Cathartes aura

Osprey
Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae

Pandionidae is a monotypic family of fish-eating birds of prey. Its single species possesses a very large and powerful hooked beak, strong legs, strong talons, and keen eyesight.


 * Osprey, Pandion haliaetus

Hawks, eagles, and kites
Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.


 * White-tailed kite, Elanus leucurus (H)
 * Swallow-tailed kite, Elanoides forficatus
 * Golden eagle, Aquila chrysaetos
 * Northern harrier, Circus hudsonius
 * Sharp-shinned hawk, Accipiter striatus
 * Cooper's hawk, Accipiter cooperii
 * Northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis
 * Bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus
 * Mississippi kite, Ictinia mississippiensis
 * Red-shouldered hawk, Buteo lineatus
 * Broad-winged hawk, Buteo platypterus
 * Swainson's hawk, Buteo swainsoni (R)
 * Red-tailed hawk, Buteo jamaicensis
 * Rough-legged hawk, Buteo lagopus

Barn-owls
Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Owls in the family Tytonidae are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces.


 * Barn owl, Tyto alba

Owls
Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

Typical or "true" owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.


 * Eastern screech-owl, Megascops asio
 * Great horned owl, Bubo virginianus
 * Snowy owl, Bubo scandiacus
 * Northern hawk owl, Surnia ulula (H)
 * Barred owl, Strix varia
 * Long-eared owl, Asio otus
 * Short-eared owl, Asio flammeus
 * Northern saw-whet owl, Aegolius acadicus

Kingfishers
Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.


 * Belted kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Woodpeckers
Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Black


 * Red-headed woodpecker, Melanerpes erythrocephalus
 * Red-bellied woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus
 * Yellow-bellied sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius
 * Black-backed woodpecker, Picoides arcticus (H)
 * Downy woodpecker, Dryobates pubescens
 * Hairy woodpecker, Dryobates villosus
 * Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus
 * Pileated woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus
 * Ivory-billed woodpecker, Campephilus principalis (H) (E)

Gray


 * Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus

White


 * Red-headed woodpecker, Melanerpes erythrocephalus
 * Red-bellied woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus
 * Yellow-bellied sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius
 * Black-backed woodpecker, Picoides arcticus (H)
 * Downy woodpecker, Dryobates pubescens
 * Hairy woodpecker, Dryobates villosus
 * Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus
 * Pileated woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus
 * Ivory-billed woodpecker, Campephilus principalis (H) (E)

Brown


 * Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus

Red
 * Red-headed woodpecker, Melanerpes erythrocephalus
 * Red-bellied woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus
 * Yellow-bellied sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius


 * Downy woodpecker, Dryobates pubescens
 * Hairy woodpecker, Dryobates villosus


 * Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus


 * Pileated woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus
 * Ivory-billed woodpecker, Campephilus principalis (H) (E)

Orange


 * Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus

Yellow


 * Black-backed woodpecker, Picoides arcticus (H)

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Falcons and caracaras
Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.


 * American kestrel, Falco sparverius
 * Merlin, Falco columbarius
 * Gyrfalcon, Falco rusticolus (H)
 * Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus

New World and African parrots
Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly colored, and some are multi-colored. In size they range from 8 cm to 1 m in length. Most of the more than 150 species in this family are found in the New World.


 * Carolina parakeet, Conuropsis carolinensis (E)

Tyrant flycatchers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

Black


 * Ash-throated flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens (R)


 * Fork-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus savana (R)


 * Yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris


 * Vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus (H)

Gray


 * Ash-throated flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens (R)


 * Great crested flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus


 * Western kingbird, Tyrannus verticalis (R)


 * Eastern kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus


 * Scissor-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus forficatus (R)


 * Fork-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus savana (R)


 * Olive-sided flycatcher, Contopus cooperi


 * Eastern wood-pewee, Contopus virens


 * Yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris


 * Alder flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum


 * Willow flycatcher, Empidonax traillii


 * Least flycatcher, Empidonax minimus


 * Eastern phoebe, Sayornis phoebe


 * Say's phoebe, Sayornis saya (R)


 * Vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus (H)

White


 * Ash-throated flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens (R)


 * Great crested flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus


 * Eastern kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus


 * Scissor-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus forficatus (R)


 * Fork-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus savana (R)


 * Olive-sided flycatcher, Contopus cooperi


 * Eastern wood-pewee, Contopus virens


 * Acadian flycatcher, Empidonax virescens


 * Alder flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum


 * Willow flycatcher, Empidonax traillii


 * Say's phoebe, Sayornis saya (R)

Brown


 * Great crested flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus


 * Western kingbird, Tyrannus verticalis (R)


 * Eastern kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus


 * Scissor-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus forficatus (R)


 * Fork-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus savana (R)


 * Olive-sided flycatcher, Contopus cooperi


 * Eastern wood-pewee, Contopus virens


 * Yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris


 * Alder flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum


 * Willow flycatcher, Empidonax traillii


 * Least flycatcher, Empidonax minimus


 * Eastern phoebe, Sayornis phoebe


 * Say's phoebe, Sayornis saya (R)


 * Vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus (H)

Red


 * Vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus (H)

Orange


 * Scissor-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus forficatus (R)


 * Say's phoebe, Sayornis saya (R)


 * Vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus (H)

Yellow


 * Ash-throated flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens (R)


 * Great crested flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus


 * Western kingbird, Tyrannus verticalis (R)


 * Yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris


 * Acadian flycatcher, Empidonax virescens

Green


 * Yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris


 * Acadian flycatcher, Empidonax virescens

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Shrikes
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.


 * Loggerhead shrike, Lanius ludovicianus
 * Northern shrike, Lanius borealis

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds mostly restricted to the New World, though a few other species in the family are found in Asia. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood-warblers apart from their heavier bills.

Black


 * Blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius

Gray


 * White-eyed vireo, Vireo griseus


 * Bell's vireo, Vireo bellii (H)


 * Yellow-throated vireo, Vireo flavifrons


 * Blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius


 * Philadelphia vireo, Vireo philadelphicus


 * Warbling vireo, Vireo gilvus


 * Red-eyed vireo, Vireo olivaceus

White


 * White-eyed vireo, Vireo griseus


 * Yellow-throated vireo, Vireo flavifrons


 * Blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius


 * Warbling vireo, Vireo gilvus


 * Red-eyed vireo, Vireo olivaceus

Brown


 * White-eyed vireo, Vireo griseus


 * Yellow-throated vireo, Vireo flavifrons


 * Philadelphia vireo, Vireo philadelphicus


 * Warbling vireo, Vireo gilvus


 * Red-eyed vireo, Vireo olivaceus

Red

Orange

Yellow


 * White-eyed vireo, Vireo griseus


 * Yellow-throated vireo, Vireo flavifrons


 * Blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius


 * Philadelphia vireo, Vireo philadelphicus

Green

Blue


 * Blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius

Indigo

Violet

Crows, jays, and magpies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Black


 * Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata


 * Black-billed magpie, Pica hudsonia (R)


 * American crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos


 * Fish crow, Corvus ossifragus


 * Common raven, Corvus corax

Gray


 * Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata

White


 * Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata


 * Black-billed magpie, Pica hudsonia (R)

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue


 * Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata


 * Fish crow, Corvus ossifragus

Indigo

Violet

Larks
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.


 * Horned lark, Eremophila alpestris

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Swallows
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Black


 * Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor


 * Purple martin, Progne subis


 * Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota


 * Cave swallow, Petrochelidon fulva (H)

Gray

White


 * Bank swallow, Riparia riparia


 * Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor


 * Northern rough-winged swallow, Stelgidopteryx serripennis


 * Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica


 * Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

Brown


 * Bank swallow, Riparia riparia


 * Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor


 * Northern rough-winged swallow, Stelgidopteryx serripennis


 * Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica


 * Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota


 * Cave swallow, Petrochelidon fulva (H)

Red


 * Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica


 * Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota


 * Cave swallow, Petrochelidon fulva (H)

Orange


 * Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica


 * Cave swallow, Petrochelidon fulva (H)

Yellow

Green


 * Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor

Blue


 * Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor


 * Purple martin, Progne subis


 * Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica


 * Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

Indigo


 * Purple martin, Progne subis

Violet


 * Purple martin, Progne subis

Tits, chickadees, and titmice
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Black


 * Carolina chickadee, Poecile carolinensis


 * Black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus


 * Boreal chickadee, Poecile hudsonicus (R)

Gray


 * Carolina chickadee, Poecile carolinensis


 * Black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus


 * Boreal chickadee, Poecile hudsonicus (R)


 * Tufted titmouse, Baeolophus bicolor

White


 * Carolina chickadee, Poecile carolinensis


 * Black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus


 * Boreal chickadee, Poecile hudsonicus (R)


 * Tufted titmouse, Baeolophus bicolor

Brown


 * Carolina chickadee, Poecile carolinensis


 * Black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus


 * Boreal chickadee, Poecile hudsonicus (R)

Red

Orange


 * Boreal chickadee, Poecile hudsonicus (R)


 * Tufted titmouse, Baeolophus bicolor

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Nuthatches
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet.

Black


 * Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis

Gray


 * Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis


 * Brown-headed nuthatch, Sitta pusilla (H)

White


 * Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis

Brown


 * Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis


 * Brown-headed nuthatch, Sitta pusilla (H)

Red


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis

Orange


 * Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis

Yellow


 * Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis

Green

Blue


 * White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis


 * Brown-headed nuthatch, Sitta pusilla (H)

Indigo

Violet

Treecreepers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.


 * Brown creeper, Certhia americana

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Wrens
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae

Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

Black

Gray


 * House wren, Troglodytes aedon


 * Winter wren, Troglodytes hiemalis


 * Sedge wren, Cistothorus platensis

White


 * Winter wren, Troglodytes hiemalis


 * Marsh wren, Cistothorus palustris


 * Carolina wren, Thryothorus ludovicianus


 * Bewick's wren, Thryomanes bewickii (R)

Brown


 * House wren, Troglodytes aedon
 * Winter wren, Troglodytes hiemalis
 * Sedge wren, Cistothorus platensis
 * Marsh wren, Cistothorus palustris
 * Carolina wren, Thryothorus ludovicianus
 * Bewick's wren, Thryomanes bewickii (R)

Red

Orange


 * Sedge wren, Cistothorus platensis

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Gnatcatchers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their structure and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. Many species have distinctive black head patterns (especially males) and long, regularly cocked, black-and-white tails.


 * Blue-gray gnatcatcher, Polioptila caerulea

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Kinglets
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae

The kinglets and "crests" are a small family of birds which resemble some warblers. They are very small insectivorous birds in the single genus Regulus. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name.

Black


 * Golden-crowned kinglet, Regulus satrapa


 * Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula

Gray


 * Golden-crowned kinglet, Regulus satrapa


 * Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula

White

Brown


 * Golden-crowned kinglet, Regulus satrapa


 * Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula

Red


 * Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula

Orange

Yellow


 * Golden-crowned kinglet, Regulus satrapa


 * Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula

Green


 * Golden-crowned kinglet, Regulus satrapa


 * Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Thrushes and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Black


 * American robin, Turdus migratorius


 * Varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (R)

Gray


 * Gray-cheeked thrush, Catharus minimus


 * Bicknell's thrush, Catharus bicknelli (R)


 * American robin, Turdus migratorius


 * Varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (R)

White


 * Eastern bluebird, Sialia sialis


 * Veery, Catharus fuscescens


 * Gray-cheeked thrush, Catharus minimus


 * Bicknell's thrush, Catharus bicknelli (R)


 * Swainson's thrush, Catharus ustulatus


 * Hermit thrush, Catharus guttatus


 * Wood thrush, Hylocichla mustelina

Brown


 * Veery, Catharus fuscescens


 * Gray-cheeked thrush, Catharus minimus


 * Bicknell's thrush, Catharus bicknelli (R)


 * Swainson's thrush, Catharus ustulatus


 * Hermit thrush, Catharus guttatus


 * Wood thrush, Hylocichla mustelina


 * Varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (R)

Red


 * American robin, Turdus migratorius


 * Varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (R)

Orange


 * Eastern bluebird, Sialia sialis


 * Varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius (R)

Yellow


 * Swainson's thrush, Catharus ustulatus

Green

Blue


 * Eastern bluebird, Sialia sialis

Indigo

Violet

Mockingbirds and thrashers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.

Black


 * Gray catbird, Dumetella carolinensis

Gray


 * Gray catbird, Dumetella carolinensis


 * Northern mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos

White


 * Brown thrasher, Toxostoma rufum


 * Northern mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos

Brown


 * Brown thrasher, Toxostoma rufum


 * Northern mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Starlings
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.


 * European starling, Sturnus vulgaris (I)

Waxwings
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of passerine birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.


 * Bohemian waxwing, Bombycilla garrulus (R)
 * Cedar waxwing, Bombycilla cedrorum

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Old World sparrows
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.


 * House sparrow, Passer domesticus (I)

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Wagtails and pipits
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.


 * American pipit, Anthus rubescens

Black

Gray

White

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Finches, euphonias, and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Black


 * Evening grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus


 * Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator (R)


 * Common redpoll, Acanthis flammea


 * Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra


 * White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera


 * American goldfinch, Spinus tristis

Gray


 * Evening grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus


 * Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator (R)


 * House finch, Haemorhous mexicanus (native to the southwestern U.S.; introduced in the east)


 * Common redpoll, Acanthis flammea


 * Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra


 * White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera

White


 * Evening grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus


 * Purple finch, Haemorhous purpureus


 * Common redpoll, Acanthis flammea


 * Hoary redpoll, Acanthis hornemanni (R)


 * White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera


 * Pine siskin, Spinus pinus


 * American goldfinch, Spinus tristis

Brown


 * Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator (R)


 * House finch, Haemorhous mexicanus (native to the southwestern U.S.; introduced in the east)


 * Purple finch, Haemorhous purpureus


 * Hoary redpoll, Acanthis hornemanni (R)


 * Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra


 * Pine siskin, Spinus pinus

Red


 * Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator (R)


 * House finch, Haemorhous mexicanus (native to the southwestern U.S.; introduced in the east)


 * Common redpoll, Acanthis flammea


 * Hoary redpoll, Acanthis hornemanni (R)


 * Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra


 * White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera

Orange


 * Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator (R)

Yellow


 * Evening grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus


 * Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra


 * White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera


 * Pine siskin, Spinus pinus


 * American goldfinch, Spinus tristis

Green


 * Pine siskin, Spinus pinus


 * American goldfinch, Spinus tristis

Blue

Indigo

Violet


 * House finch, Haemorhous mexicanus (native to the southwestern U.S.; introduced in the east)


 * Purple finch, Haemorhous purpureus

Longspurs and snow buntings
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

Black


 * Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus


 * Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis

Gray


 * Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis

White


 * Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus


 * Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis

Brown


 * Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus


 * Smith's longspur, Calcarius pictus (R)

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Indigo

Violet

New World sparrows
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae

Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.


 * Bachman's sparrow, Peucaea aestivalis (R)
 * Grasshopper sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum
 * Lark sparrow, Chondestes grammacus
 * Clay-colored sparrow, Spizella pallida
 * Field sparrow, Spizella pusilla
 * American tree sparrow, Spizelloides arborea
 * Dark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis
 * Vesper sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus
 * Baird's sparrow, Centronyx bairdii (H)
 * Henslow's sparrow, Centronyx henslowii
 * Savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis
 * Song sparrow, Melospiza melodia
 * Lincoln's sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii
 * Swamp sparrow, Melospiza georgiana
 * Canyon towhee, Melozone fusca (H)

Black


 * Lark bunting, Calamospiza melanocorys (R)


 * White-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys


 * Harris's sparrow, Zonotrichia querula (R)


 * White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis


 * LeConte's sparrow, Ammospiza leconteii


 * Spotted towhee, Pipilo maculatus (R)


 * Eastern towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus

Gray


 * Chipping sparrow, Spizella passerina


 * White-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys


 * Harris's sparrow, Zonotrichia querula (R)


 * White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis


 * Green-tailed towhee, Pipilo chlorurus (R)

White


 * Lark bunting, Calamospiza melanocorys (R)


 * Fox sparrow, Passerella iliaca


 * White-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys


 * White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis


 * LeConte's sparrow, Ammospiza leconteii


 * Spotted towhee, Pipilo maculatus (R)


 * Eastern towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus

Brown


 * Chipping sparrow, Spizella passerina


 * Fox sparrow, Passerella iliaca


 * White-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys


 * Harris's sparrow, Zonotrichia querula (R)


 * White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis


 * LeConte's sparrow, Ammospiza leconteii


 * Nelson's sparrow, Ammospiza nelsoni


 * Spotted towhee, Pipilo maculatus (R)


 * Eastern towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus

Red


 * Chipping sparrow, Spizella passerina


 * Fox sparrow, Passerella iliaca


 * Green-tailed towhee, Pipilo chlorurus (R)

Orange


 * LeConte's sparrow, Ammospiza leconteii


 * Green-tailed towhee, Pipilo chlorurus (R)


 * Spotted towhee, Pipilo maculatus (R)


 * Eastern towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus

Yellow


 * White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis

Green


 * Green-tailed towhee, Pipilo chlorurus (R)

Blue

Indigo

Violet

Yellow-breasted chat
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteriidae

This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers (Parulidae) but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was placed in its own family in 2017.


 * Yellow-breasted chat, Icteria virens

Troupials and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color which is often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red.

Black


 * Yellow-headed blackbird, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus


 * Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus


 * Eastern meadowlark, Sturnella magna
 * Western meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta (R)


 * Orchard oriole, Icterus spurius


 * Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula


 * Red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus


 * Brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater


 * Rusty blackbird, Euphagus carolinus


 * Brewer's blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus (R)


 * Common grackle, Quiscalus quiscula

Gray


 * Common grackle, Quiscalus quiscula

White


 * Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus


 * Eastern meadowlark, Sturnella magna
 * Western meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta (R)

Brown


 * Eastern meadowlark, Sturnella magna
 * Western meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta (R)


 * Brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater


 * Rusty blackbird, Euphagus carolinus

Red


 * Orchard oriole, Icterus spurius


 * Red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus

Orange


 * Orchard oriole, Icterus spurius


 * Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula

Yellow


 * Yellow-headed blackbird, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus


 * Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus


 * Eastern meadowlark, Sturnella magna
 * Western meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta (R)


 * Orchard oriole, Icterus spurius


 * Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula


 * Red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus

Green

Blue


 * Brewer's blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus (R)


 * Common grackle, Quiscalus quiscula

Indigo


 * Brewer's blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus (R)

Violet


 * Brewer's blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus (R)

New World warblers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae

The wood-warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.

Black


 * Golden-winged warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera


 * Blue-winged warbler, Vermivora cyanoptera


 * Black-and-white warbler, Mniotilta varia


 * Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia


 * Kentucky warbler, Geothlypis formosa


 * Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas


 * Hooded warbler, Setophaga citrina


 * American redstart, Setophaga ruticilla


 * Kirtland's warbler, Setophaga kirtlandii (R)


 * Cape May warbler, Setophaga tigrina


 * Northern parula, Setophaga americana


 * Magnolia warbler, Setophaga magnolia


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Blackburnian warbler, Setophaga fusca


 * Yellow warbler, Setophaga petechia


 * Blackpoll warbler, Setophaga striata


 * Black-throated blue warbler, Setophaga caerulescens


 * Yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata


 * Yellow-throated warbler, Setophaga dominica


 * Prairie warbler, Setophaga discolor


 * Black-throated gray warbler, Setophaga nigrescens (R)


 * Black-throated green warbler, Setophaga virens


 * Canada warbler, Cardellina canadensis


 * Wilson's warbler, Cardellina pusilla

Gray


 * Louisiana waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla


 * Golden-winged warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera


 * Blue-winged warbler, Vermivora cyanoptera


 * Prothonotary warbler, Protonotaria citrea


 * Tennessee warbler, Leiothlypis peregrina


 * Orange-crowned warbler, Leiothlypis celata


 * Virginia's warbler, Leiothlypis virginiae (R)


 * Connecticut warbler, Oporornis agilis


 * Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia


 * American redstart, Setophaga ruticilla


 * Kirtland's warbler, Setophaga kirtlandii (R)


 * Cape May warbler, Setophaga tigrina


 * Northern parula, Setophaga americana


 * Magnolia warbler, Setophaga magnolia


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Chestnut-sided warbler, Setophaga pensylvanica


 * Blackpoll warbler, Setophaga striata


 * Palm warbler, Setophaga palmarum


 * Pine warbler, Setophaga pinus


 * Yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata


 * Yellow-throated warbler, Setophaga dominica


 * Prairie warbler, Setophaga discolor


 * Black-throated gray warbler, Setophaga nigrescens (R)


 * Black-throated green warbler, Setophaga virens


 * Canada warbler, Cardellina canadensis

White


 * Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla


 * Louisiana waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla


 * Golden-winged warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera


 * Blue-winged warbler, Vermivora cyanoptera


 * Black-and-white warbler, Mniotilta varia


 * Swainson's warbler, Limnothlypis swainsonii


 * Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia


 * Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas


 * Cape May warbler, Setophaga tigrina


 * Cerulean warbler, Setophaga cerulea


 * Magnolia warbler, Setophaga magnolia


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Blackpoll warbler, Setophaga striata


 * Black-throated blue warbler, Setophaga caerulescens


 * Yellow-throated warbler, Setophaga dominica


 * Black-throated gray warbler, Setophaga nigrescens (R)

Brown


 * Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla


 * Worm-eating warbler, Helmitheros vermivorum


 * Louisiana waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla


 * Northern waterthrush, Parkesia noveboracensis


 * Swainson's warbler, Limnothlypis swainsonii


 * Nashville warbler, Leiothlypis ruficapilla


 * Virginia's warbler, Leiothlypis virginiae (R)


 * Connecticut warbler, Oporornis agilis


 * Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia


 * Kentucky warbler, Geothlypis formosa


 * Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas


 * Cape May warbler, Setophaga tigrina


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Yellow warbler, Setophaga petechia


 * Chestnut-sided warbler, Setophaga pensylvanica


 * Blackpoll warbler, Setophaga striata


 * Palm warbler, Setophaga palmarum


 * Pine warbler, Setophaga pinus

Red


 * American redstart, Setophaga ruticilla


 * Chestnut-sided warbler, Setophaga pensylvanica


 * Palm warbler, Setophaga palmarum

Orange


 * Orange-crowned warbler, Leiothlypis celata


 * Virginia's warbler, Leiothlypis virginiae (R)


 * American redstart, Setophaga ruticilla


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Blackburnian warbler, Setophaga fusca

Yellow


 * Worm-eating warbler, Helmitheros vermivorum
 * Louisiana waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla


 * Northern waterthrush, Parkesia noveboracensis


 * Golden-winged warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera


 * Prothonotary warbler, Protonotaria citrea


 * Tennessee warbler, Leiothlypis peregrina


 * Orange-crowned warbler, Leiothlypis celata


 * Nashville warbler, Leiothlypis ruficapilla


 * Connecticut warbler, Oporornis agilis


 * Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia


 * Kentucky warbler, Geothlypis formosa


 * Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas


 * Hooded warbler, Setophaga citrina


 * Kirtland's warbler, Setophaga kirtlandii (R)


 * Cape May warbler, Setophaga tigrina


 * Northern parula, Setophaga americana


 * Magnolia warbler, Setophaga magnolia


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Blackburnian warbler, Setophaga fusca


 * Yellow warbler, Setophaga petechia


 * Chestnut-sided warbler, Setophaga pensylvanica


 * Palm warbler, Setophaga palmarum


 * Pine warbler, Setophaga pinus


 * Yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata


 * Yellow-throated warbler, Setophaga dominica


 * Prairie warbler, Setophaga discolor


 * Black-throated gray warbler, Setophaga nigrescens (R)


 * Black-throated green warbler, Setophaga virens


 * Canada warbler, Cardellina canadensis


 * Wilson's warbler, Cardellina pusilla

Green


 * Prothonotary warbler, Protonotaria citrea


 * Tennessee warbler, Leiothlypis peregrina


 * Orange-crowned warbler, Leiothlypis celata


 * Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia


 * Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas


 * Hooded warbler, Setophaga citrina


 * Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea


 * Yellow warbler, Setophaga petechia


 * Prairie warbler, Setophaga discolor


 * Black-throated green warbler, Setophaga virens


 * Wilson's warbler, Cardellina pusilla

Blue


 * Blue-winged warbler, Vermivora cyanoptera


 * Kirtland's warbler, Setophaga kirtlandii (R)


 * Cerulean warbler, Setophaga cerulea


 * Northern parula, Setophaga americana


 * Magnolia warbler, Setophaga magnolia


 * Black-throated blue warbler, Setophaga caerulescens


 * Yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata

Indigo

Violet


 * Palm warbler, Setophaga palmarum

Cardinals and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

Black


 * Scarlet tanager, Piranga olivacea


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Rose-breasted grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus


 * Black-headed grosbeak, Pheucticus melanocephalus (R)

Gray


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Northern cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis


 * Dickcissel, Spiza americana

White


 * Rose-breasted grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus


 * Black-headed grosbeak, Pheucticus melanocephalus (R)

Brown


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Northern cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis


 * Rose-breasted grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus


 * Black-headed grosbeak, Pheucticus melanocephalus (R)


 * Blue grosbeak, Passerina caerulea


 * Indigo bunting, Passerina cyanea


 * Dickcissel, Spiza americana

Red


 * Summer tanager, Piranga rubra


 * Scarlet tanager, Piranga olivacea


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Northern cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis


 * Rose-breasted grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus


 * Painted bunting, Passerina ciris (R)

Orange


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Black-headed grosbeak, Pheucticus melanocephalus (R)

Yellow


 * Summer tanager, Piranga rubra


 * Scarlet tanager, Piranga olivacea


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Dickcissel, Spiza americana

Green


 * Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana (R)


 * Painted bunting, Passerina ciris (R)

Blue


 * Blue grosbeak, Passerina caerulea


 * Indigo bunting, Passerina cyanea

Indigo


 * Painted bunting, Passerina ciris (R)

Violet