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James Abercromby (15 October 1706 - 1781) was a Scottish painter.

Life
Alexander Abercromby (1678-1729), of Glassaugh, Fordyce, Banff was brought into the Scottish parliament by the Earl of Seafield. Abercromby was brought in by Seafield to the vacant parliamentary commissionership for Banffshire in 1706 in order to give a vote for Union.

He then voted for the Union with England, purchased a captaincy for £1000 and was given a £450 pension. His sons were also provided for: one was a soldier; one was an artist. The artist was given a lifetime patent as the King's limner in Scotland.

This artist son was James Abercromby. He was baptised on 15 October 1706 in Fordyce in Banffshire.

He became a soldier in the American colonies.

Art
It was noted that the office of Painter and Limner for the King in Scotland was a sinecure for the Abercromby family and not necessarily related to artistic ability.

He was the second holder of the Painter and Limner for Scotland, a member of the Royal Household.

Death
He died 1781 in Laurens, South Carolina.