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"Hitler" redirects here. For other uses, see Hitler (disambiguation). Adolf Hitler Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H1216-0500-002, Adolf Hitler.jpg Hitler in 1938 Führer of Germany In office 2 August 1934 – 30 April 1945 Deputy Rudolf Hess (1933–41) Position vacant Preceded by	Paul von Hindenburg (as President) Succeeded by	Karl Dönitz (as President) Reich Chancellor of Germany In office 30 January 1933 – 30 April 1945 President	Paul von Hindenburg (until 1934) Deputy Franz von Papen (1933–34) Position vacant Preceded by	Kurt von Schleicher Succeeded by	Joseph Goebbels Leader of the Nazi Party In office 29 June 1921 – 30 April 1945 Deputy	Rudolf Hess Preceded by	Anton Drexler Succeeded by	Martin Bormann Personal details Born	20 April 1889 Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary Died	30 April 1945 (aged 56) Berlin, Germany Nationality Austrian citizen until 7 April 1925[1] German citizen after 25 February 1932 Political party	National Socialist German Workers' Party (1921–45) Other political affiliations	German Workers' Party (1920–21) Spouse(s)	Eva Braun (29–30 April 1945) Parents Alois Hitler (father) Klara Pölzl (mother) Occupation	Politician Religion	See: Religious views of Adolf Hitler Signature Military service Allegiance	 German Empire Service/branch	 Bavarian Army Years of service	1914–20 Rank Gefreiter Verbindungsmann Battles/wars	World War I Awards Iron Cross First Class Iron Cross Second Class Wound Badge Adolf Hitler (German: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ]; 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician of Austrian origin who was the leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer ("leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of Nazi Germany he initiated World War II in Europe and was a central figure of the Holocaust.

Born and raised in Austria, Hitler was a decorated veteran of the World War I German Army. He joined the precursor of the NSDAP, the German Workers' Party, in 1919 and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted a coup in Munich to seize power. The failed coup resulted in Hitler's imprisonment, during which time he dictated his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-Semitism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. Hitler frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as being part of a Jewish conspiracy.

Hitler's Nazi Party became the largest elected party in the German Reichstag, leading to his appointment as chancellor in 1933. Following fresh elections won by his coalition, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act, which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the effective abandonment of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories that were home to millions of ethnic Germans—actions which gave him significant popular support.

Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for drugs.