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HEXACO copy paste spot (for editting purposes)
The HEXACO model of personality conceptualizes human personality in terms of six dimensions.

The HEXACO model was developed from several previous independent lexical studies. Language based taxonomies for personality traits have been widely used as a method for developing personality models. This method, based on the logic of the lexical hypothesis, uses adjectives found in language that describe behaviours and tendencies among individuals. The identified adjectives are distilled down through factor analysis to yield a manageable number of groups of related personality traits.

Research studies based on the lexical hypothesis described above were first undertaken in the English language. Subsequent research was conducted in other languages, including Croatian, Dutch, Filipino, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Polish, Russian, and Turkish. Comparisons of the results revealed as many as six emergent factors, in similar form across different languages including English. The six factors are generally named Honesty-Humility (H), Emotionality (E), Extraversion (X), Agreeableness (A), Conscientiousness (C), and Openness to Experience (O). The personality-descriptive adjectives that typically belong to these six groups are as follows:


 * Honesty-Humility (H): sincere, honest, faithful, loyal, modest/unassuming versus sly, deceitful, greedy, pretentious, hypocritical, boastful, pompous
 * Emotionality (E): emotional, oversensitive, sentimental, fearful, anxious, vulnerable versus brave, tough, independent, self-assured, stable
 * Extraversion (X): outgoing, lively, extraverted, sociable, talkative, cheerful, active versus shy, passive, withdrawn, introverted, quiet, reserved
 * Agreeableness (A): patient, tolerant, peaceful, mild, agreeable, lenient, gentle versus ill-tempered, quarrelsome, stubborn, choleric
 * Conscientiousness (C): organized, disciplined, diligent, careful, thorough, precise versus sloppy, negligent, reckless, lazy, irresponsible, absent-minded
 * Openness to Experience (O): intellectual, creative, unconventional, innovative, ironic versus shallow, unimaginative, conventional

Personality is often assessed using a self-report inventory or observer report inventory. The six factors are measured through a series of questions designed to rate an individual on levels of each factor. Ashton and Lee have developed self- and observer report forms of the HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised (HEXACO-PI-R). The HEXACO-PI-R assesses the six broad HEXACO personality factors, each of which contains four "facets", or narrower personality characteristics. (An additional 25th narrow facet, called Altruism, is also included and represents a blend of the Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, and Agreeableness factors.) The four facets within each factor are as follows:


 * Honesty-Humility (H): Sincerity, Fairness, Greed Avoidance, Modesty
 * Emotionality (E): Fearfulness, Anxiety, Dependence, Sentimentality
 * Extraversion (X): Social Self-Esteem, Social Boldness, Sociability, Liveliness
 * Agreeableness (A): Forgivingness, Gentleness, Flexibility, Patience
 * Conscientiousness (C): Organization, Diligence, Perfectionism, Prudence
 * Openness to Experience (O): Aesthetic Appreciation, Inquisitiveness, Creativity, Unconventionality

History and Development
The HEXACO model was a development that came about due to the desire of researchers to assess personality. Though it was not a direct result of this desire of researchers. It would take decades of effort before the HEXACO model would become established.

Due to the difficulty of this task of assessing personality, it was accepted that a systematic method should be used, and the agreed upon approach was to use factor analysis. This, however, posed a new problem, as determining which traits to use in a factor analysis was a source of much debate. The solution to this problem was based off of the lexical hypothesis. Simply put, this hypothesis suggests that personality traits of importance in a society will lead to the development of words to describe both high and low levels of these traits.

The first use of the lexical approach is attributed to Baumgartner, a Swiss industrial psychologist who used it to categorize words in the German language. Though Baumgartner was the first to use it, she was shortly followed by Allport and Odbert in 1936, who used the approach on the English language. It would be their work, in which they tediously poured through a dictionary and created a list of roughly 18,000 words. That they condensed to just 4500 words that described personality traits.

This list of words was reduced down to 35 terms by researcher Raymond Cattell on which, after allowing other researches to rate, he performed a factor analysis. The result of the analysis produced 12 factors. Though replications by other researchers failed to produce this number, (most likely due to the developing nature of the factor analysis method). Though the 12 factors were not replicated, there, however, was five traits that were being consistently produced. These 5 traits would become the foundation of the Big 5 model of personality assessment and would be later supported by replication studies that used more words than Cattell had in his previous research.

As the Big 5 became more and more accepted, it lead to researchers wondering if these traits would be consistently found in other languages. After several studies, throughout multiple languages; it was found that the Big 5 was indeed consistently found in other languages. Through the expansion of research into other languages, it was found that there was a sixth trait that kept appear. This trait being what would become the honesty-humility trait.

The discovery of the honesty-humility trait in other languages led researchers to wonder why it wasn't found in the original English language studies. This was answered when modern computers were used to determine that there was indeed an occurrence of this sixth trait in the English language. By using the complete set of words that had previously been grouped into 75 different clusters, the replications showed the existence of the sixth trait that was previously missing. This research across cultures, led to the trait, Honesty-Humility, to be added to the Big 5 and becoming a new model; The HEXACO model.