User:Akld guy/sandbox

Inheritance
In 1950, Jeannette and her younger sister Heather inherited the farm of an uncle after his death in an accident. A manager was appointed to run the farm, at Pukekawa, Lower Waikato, until the sisters would reach the age of 25.

In 1962, their father, Lenard Demler, was fined £10,000 for tax evasion, and in order to meet the liability he sold a half share in his farm to his wife Maisie. The terms of sale were that, for the rest of his life, Demler could continue to live on this farm, which was adjacent to the farm being held in trust for the sisters. Jeannette came into possession of her half share of the uncle's farm on reaching the age of 25 in 1965 and married Harvey Crewe the following year. Harvey and Jeannette bought Heather's half share soon after. It is not clear from published information whether Heather had reached the age of 25 and was legally entitled to consent to the sale, or whether it was sold without her consent by the trustees.

In 1970, the Crewes and their 18-month-old daughter lived on their farm. Jeannette was afraid to be in the house without her husband after bizarre burglary and arson attacks including one in which a bedroom was severely damaged after clothes were set on fire.

Maisie Demler died in the first half of 1970. Heather had been cut from Maisie's will, and Demler had removed Jeannette as a beneficiary of his own will in retaliation, though she had had no role in the original matter. Maisie had then re-written her will to bequeath to Jeannette the half share in the Demler farm that Demler lived on. At the time of their murders, Harvey and Jeannette were about to receive the half share in the Demler farm. Demler, living alone on the farm, was a regular visitor at their home for meals.

Problem
Three prisoners, A, B and C, are in separate cells and sentenced to death. The governor has selected one of them at random to be pardoned. The warden knows which one is pardoned, but is not allowed to tell. Prisoner A begs the warden to let him know the identity of one of the two who are going to be executed. "If B is the one to be pardoned, give me C's name. If C is the one to be pardoned, give me B's name. And if I'm to be pardoned, secretly flip a coin to decide whether to name B or C."

The warden tells A that B is to be executed. Prisoner A tells C the news and the conditions under which he learned it. A is pleased because he believes that his probability of surviving has gone up from 1/3 to 1/2, as it is now between him and C. However, C reasons that A's chance of being pardoned is unchanged at 1/3, but he is pleased because his own chance has gone up to 2/3. Which prisoner is correct?

Solution
The answer is that prisoner C is correct and A's chance of being pardoned remains unchanged. The warden says B will be executed, and this can result from only two conditions:
 * C will be pardoned (1/2 chance of this) or
 * A will be pardoned (1/2 chance of this) and the warden had to flip the B/C coin

If the warden had to flip the coin, there was a 1 in 2 chance that B would result. Therefore, A's chance of being pardoned because B was named is 1/4, half that of C.

Test

 * map =

qwerty
First volunteer fire brigade, Auckland 1854 here.

New
Augustus Braithwaite was murdered in 1920 in his home in Ponsonby, an inner-city suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. He was the postmaster of the nearby Ponsonby Post Office. The murderer took the keys to the post office from Braithwaite's body and entered and robbed the post office shortly after the murder.

No witness saw the murderer entering or leaving Braithwaite's home or the post office. Dennis Gunn was identified by fingerprint evidence, convicted at trial, and executed three months later. This case is thought to have been the first time in the world that a conviction for murder resulted solely from a fingerprint match.

Crime
On the evening of Saturday, 13 March 1920, postmaster Augustus Braithwaite arrived at his home in Shelley Beach Road after finishing work at the post office in Ponsonby, about 15 minutes walk away. His wife was out for the evening. When she returned at about 8 pm, she discovered his dead body on the floor. Braithwaite had been shot in the throat and body, and his keys to the post office were missing.

It was then discovered that the post office had been entered and ransacked, and about £100 had been stolen. Police found fingerprints on three cash boxes. No matches resulted when they were compared with the fingerprint records of convicted criminals who were thought capable of committing the crime.

In a gully off Somerset Road, Ponsonby, police found a canvas bag containing a revolver and dozens of rounds of ammunition. The revolver was identified as the murder weapon after test firing showed a match with the rifling marks on the bullets recovered from Braithwaite's body. Fingerprints were found on the revolver. Gunn had been seen by several witnesses loitering in the vicinity of the post office for much of the afternoon, sometimes in the company of his friends. Suspicion fell on him because he could not give a satisfactory explanation for loitering, nor would he explain where he was at the time Braithwaite was shot and the post office was entered.

Gunn's fingerprints were able to be matched because he had attempted to evade registering for military service several years earlier. Because that was a criminal offence at the time, his fingerprints had been taken and were on file. The cash box and revolver fingerprints were matched to him. {{cite web|url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/page/fingerprints-help-convict-murderer



New2
The station was opened on 7 July 2018.

Hilarious English
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Idiotic technology and the company's idiotic remedy
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Stop your disruptive editing. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, as you did at Samuel Morse, you may be blocked from editing. Do not vandalize Wikipedia.

Listing of train accidents
When thinking of adding a train accident, ask yourself these things: Those are the unwritten rules for adding incidents. Non-notable incidents such as the derailing of freight trains should not be included. Non-injury passenger services shouldn't be included unless there is some outstanding feature, such as the first incident on a newly introduced set of rolling stock, or the incident leading directly to the finding of some flaw in the system or the adoption of some new safety feature or procedure. Use your discretion on these sorts of things. Please don't add routine incidents that happen every day around the world. - 14 October 2017
 * Did the accident cause injuries and deaths?
 * If it didn't, did it cause a major disruption to the network? Examples might be where a train crashes through the end buffers at a station and causes a lot of wreckage, or where it brings down overhead wires or gantries causing the network to close for repairs.
 * Did it impact a lot of peoples' lives in some way?

Issues
In a January 2017 poll conducted by Roy Morgan Research, 26 percent of respondents named housing supply and affordability as the most important issue facing New Zealand, while another 17 percent named poverty and income inequality.

Education
On 27 August 2017, National pledged a $379 million education package. New "digital academies" focused on IT training and similar to existing trades academies, would be introduced for 1,000 year-12 and 13 students at a cost of $48 million. There would also be investments of $126 million to improve maths achievements for primary school students and $160 million to give all primary school students the opportunity to learn a second language if they wished. There would be an expansion of the National Standards scheme that would allow parents to check the progress of their child via their mobile phone.

Labour leader Jacinda Ardern announced on 14 August 2017 that the party is reinstating a 2015 pledge to assist school students to learn to drive and budget. Five driving lessons and the fees for the licence test would be free, and students would be taught life skills and budgeting. On 29 August, Ardern announced that Labour would implement its 2016 policy of three years free tertiary education, starting with one year in 2018 and expanding to two years in 2021 and three years in 2024. She also announced a $50 per week increase in the student allowance and student loan living costs.

The ACT party continues to support partnership (charter) schools, with intentions to allow state schools to convert into partnership schools. ACT leader David Seymour said on 2 September 2017 that the party would give schools $975 million more, so long as they abandon nationally negotiated union contracts. Schools would be funded $93,000 per teacher in a bulk funding arrangement and would be free to allocate the grant how they wanted, with principals able to decide how much to pay individual teachers. Teachers' pay would be boosted by $20,000 on average, and the payments would reward good teachers and attract "our brightest graduates" to careers in teaching.

Housing
According to Quotable Value, residential house prices across New Zealand have increased 34.2% between June 2014 and June 2017, from an average of $476,000 to an average of $639,000. In the Auckland metro area, the increase has been 45.5% in the same period, from $718,000 to $1,045,000.

ACT announced its housing policy on 6 August 2017, proposing to scrap the urban rural boundary to free up land for those who want to subdivide and build, claiming that this creates room for 600,000 possible houses.

Green Party leader James Shaw reaffirmed on 22 August the party's intention to introduce a capital gains tax, saying that it was "a priority" for the party and a measure "we want to see addressed in a first term of a new government." Shaw said the fact that New Zealand was one of the only countries in the developed world without a consistent capital gains tax had helped fuel inequality between "those who don't own a home and those who now own ten".

Labour announced on 3 September it would extend the landlords' termination notice period to 90 days (from 42 days), abolish termination without cause, and limit rent increases to once every 12 months (from 6 months). This is in addition to previously announced policies of extending the "bright-line test" for taxing capital gains on residential properties from two years to five years, and abolishing negative gearing on investment properties.

Immigration
According to Statistics New Zealand estimates, New Zealand's net migration (long-term arrivals minus long-term departures) in the June 2016/17 year was 72,300. This was up from 38,300 in the June 2013/14 year. Of those migrants specifying a region of settlement, 61 percent settled in the Auckland region.

Labour has promised to reduce net immigration by about 20–30,000 annually, partly by reducing the number of students enrolled in "low value" courses that are susceptible to being used as a subterfuge for immigration. The party says it would introduce a stricter test regime to ensure employers seek to hire New Zealanders before recruiting overseas applicants, and would require skilled migrants to stay and work in the region their visa was issued for.

National planned to count migrants as "skilled" only if the job they were coming to paid more than about $49,000 a year, but the plan was opposed by employers who said their businesses would be put at risk by the blocking of foreign workers. Immigrants now only need to be paid over $41,859 a year – resulting in about 6000 more workers being able to stay in the country longer. Those earning less will be considered low-skilled and can stay in the country for a maximum of three years, after which a stand-down period applies before they can apply to come back. National plans to introduce legislation in 2018 that would raise the residency requirements for superannuation from 10 to 20 years.

NZ First leader Winston Peters vowed to reduce net immigration to around 10,000 per year. Peters said that unemployed New Zealanders will be trained to take jobs as the number is reduced, and the number of older immigrants will be limited, with more bonded to the regions.

The Green Party proposed that migration should be capped to 1 per cent of population growth, but later abandoned that policy due to the perception that the Greens were pandering to anti-immigrant rhetoric.

ACT has "long opposed populist attacks on immigrants", according to David Seymour. ACT wants immigrants to "demonstrate they've earned above the average wage in their field" to get residency, and it will put an end to foreigners leaving their kids in New Zealand while paying taxes overseas by implementing an "infrastructure charge" of $10 per day for a maximum of a year for all migrants.

The Opportunities Party (TOP) wants a change so that immigration would not be driven by student visas or reciprocal visitor working visas. The party would also abandon the requirement for highly-skilled migrants to have a job to come to.

Rail transport
National Party leader and Prime Minister Bill English announced on 6 August 2017 that there would be a $267 million investment in Auckland and Wellington commuter rail, which would include (in Auckland) electrification of the line between Papakura and Pukekohe, a third line between Westfield and Wiri, and (in Wellington) double-tracking the line between Trentham and Upper Hutt, and several other improvements.

Labour announced on 6 August 2017 that it would accelerate the building of a proposed light rail system between Auckland CBD and Auckland Airport so that it would be completed within a decade. The plan is part of Labour's wider transport improvements that would include a light rail link to west Auckland, an eventual extension of light rail to the North Shore, a bus network between Howick and the airport, electrification from Papakura to Pukekohe, a third main line between Westfield and Papakura, and other rail and road improvements. On 21 August 2017, the party's leader Jacinda Ardern announced a $20 million plan for a passenger rail service linking Auckland, Hamilton and Tauranga. She said that the region would grow by 800,000 people in the next 25 years, and that rail was historically a fundamental travel mode and it was time that it was again.

The Green Party announced on 17 August 2017 that it would introduce a passenger rail service between Auckland, Hamilton and Tauranga on a trial basis from 2019. The party had previously said that its policy was to complete the electrification of the rail network between Auckland and Hamilton and extend electrification to Tauranga. On 25 August 2017, Green party plans for a light rail line between Wellington Railway Station and Wellington Airport via Newtown were announced. The party would establish the line by 2027, and it could form the spine of an extended network north to Epuni via central Lower Hutt and south to Island Bay.

National
National is campaigning for a fourth term in government. If successful, it will be the first four-term government since the Second National Government (1960–72). National revealed the design of its first tranche of party hoardings in early July, featuring leader Bill English and the slogan "Delivering for New Zealanders".

On 20 August 2017, English announced that the government, if re-elected, planned to build ten new "Roads of National Significance" at a cost of $10.5 billion. Four-laning the Hawke's Bay Expressway, a solution for the Manawatu Gorge road (closed after rock falls in April 2017 and a long history of such falls), and a highway from Wellsford to Whangarei were included.

The party announced on 13 August 2017 that it would create a new bootcamp for youth offenders at the Waiouru Military Camp. English said that there were about 150 "very serious young offenders". The justice minister said that a new Young Serious Offender (YSO) classification would be established for the group.

Prime Minister Bill English and Health Minister Jonathan Coleman announced on 19 August 2017 that a new hospital costing more than $1.2 billion would be built to replace Dunedin Hospital, rather than refurbishing the existing building. It would be expected to open in 7–10 years. On 21 August, English and Coleman announced a pledge that 600,000 low income people would have access to $18 doctors' visits. The Community Services Card would also be expanded to an additional 350,000 people with low incomes and high housing costs.

The party's infrastructure spokesman Steven Joyce announced on 2 September 2017 that a National Infrastructure Commission would be set up to help expand and oversee public–private partnerships (PPPs). The commission would supervise large infrastructure projects, such as the building of new schools, roads, and hospitals, which would be built as PPPs. It was likely that the first project would be the $50 million rebuild of Whangarei Boys' High School, but several other large projects totalling several billion dollars were also being considered.

Labour
Labour announced it would reverse the tax cuts included in the 2017 Budget and instead increase Working for Families rates and introduce a new benefit for families with children under 3 years old. It also would introduce a winter heating supplement for people on superannuation and benefits.

On 1 August 2017, party leader Andrew Little resigned on the back of poor opinion polling performance. Deputy leader Jacinda Ardern was unanimously elected leader by the party caucus, while Kelvin Davis was unanimously elected deputy leader to replace Ardern. The leadership change saw a large boost in the Labour Party's support – the party had received $250,000 in donations and signed up 1000 volunteers within 24 hours of the leadership change, according to party secretary Andrew Kirton.

The design for Labour's first tranche of party hoardings was released in early July, featuring both Little and Ardern with the slogan "A fresh approach". After the change of leadership, the new hoardings solely featured Ardern with the new slogan "Let's do this".

On 26 August, Ardern announced a plan to cut fees for visits to doctors. Community Services Card holders would be charged $8 for a visit to a doctor, teenagers would be charged $2, and under–13s would still pay nothing. The cost for an average adult would fall from $42 to $32.

Labour's finance spokesman Grant Robertson announced on 14 September 2017, nine days before the election, that there would be "no new taxes or levies" until after the 2020 election. Any changes arising from its tax working group would not take effect until 2021. Robertson's announcement reversed the position taken by leader Jacinda Ardern who had reserved the right to implement changes before obtaining a mandate at the 2020 election, and came as a Newshub-Reid Research poll showed National rising at the expense of Labour. Labour had gone into the previous two general elections with a capital gains tax policy.

Green
The Green Party launched its election campaign on 9 July in Nelson. Bryce Edwards writing for The New Zealand Herald claimed the party's policies announced in the run up to the election show that: "After years of watering down policies and desperately trying to make themselves more respectable to the mainstream, they have made an abrupt shift to the left". One of the major announcements has been the party's new radical welfare reform proposals. Social policy academic and welfare campaigner Susan St John gave the social welfare reforms a "definite thumbs up", pointing to two "breathtakingly bold policies" within the reforms. These two aspects included in the reforms are, one: "sole parents to keep their sole parent support when they attempt to repartner. She is the one to say, not WINZ [Work and Income New Zealand], when she is in a partnership in the nature of marriage". A second aspect would be to make "the In–Work Tax Credit available to all low income families".

The party also announced as part of its 'Families Package' it would lower the bottom rate of tax to 9%, introduce a new top rate of tax of 40% on those with an income over $150,000 and increase all core benefits by 20%.

Another policy announced by the party is introducing an interim $0.10 per litre excise levy on bottled water. This would be in place until "a proposed working party helped develop a system to charge all commercial water users 'a fair amount'".

On 16 July 2017, co-leader Metiria Turei publicly admitted that she had not disclosed to Work and Income New Zealand that she was accepting rent from flatmates while on the Domestic Purposes Benefit in the early 1990s, and admitted on 3 August 2017 that she had registered a false residential address to vote for a friend who was running in the Mount Albert electorate in 1993. On 7 August 2017, MPs David Clendon and Kennedy Graham announced that they planned to resign as Green Party candidates for the 2017 election, due to Turei's revelations and her handling of the resulting situation. Both Clendon and Graham resigned from the party caucus the following day, after the party made moves to remove them involuntarily.

On 9 August 2017, Turei resigned as co-leader and as a list candidate for the 2017 election, saying that the "scrutiny on [her] family has become unbearable". She will campaign on the party's behalf in the Te Tai Tonga Māori electorate, and will retire from Parliament at the election. Per their constitution, the Green Party will choose a replacement co-leader at the next annual general meeting in 2018, leaving James Shaw as the sole party leader through the election campaign.

On 21 August 2017, the party promised free public transport for students and those aged under 19, to be achieved by means of a "green card". Green Party transport spokeswoman Julie Anne Genter said the cost of the card would be $70–80 million.

The party announced plans on 2 September 2017 to counter pollution by introducing a tax on farmers of $2 per kilogram of nitrate (fertiliser), which it said would raise about $136 million per year. The party would also distribute funds and allow concessions to the agricultural sector in response to declining water quality.

Leader James Shaw said on 17 September 2017 that the party wanted a capital gains tax, exclusive of the family home, to be implemented in the first year after the election, if Labour and the Greens formed a coalition government. Labour had already said that if it became the government, any capital gains tax recommendations made by its tax working group would not be implemented until after the 2020 election.

New Zealand First
New Zealand First launched its campaign in Palmerston North on 25 June 2017. Announced policies include ring-fencing GST to the regions it is collected from, writing off student loans of people willing to work outside major centres, cutting net immigration to 10,000 per year, retaining the superannuation age at 65, and holding two binding referenda on whether Māori electorates should be abolished and whether the number of MPs should be reduced to 100.

New Zealand First is also campaigning on increasing the minimum wage to $17. They would later increase it to $20.

On 31 August 2017, party leader Winston Peters announced a policy of relocating the Port of Auckland to Marsden Point by 2027. Peters had vowed in July that a Northport rail connection to Marsden Point at a cost of up to $1 billion was non-negotiable in any post–election coalition between NZ First and either National or Labour.

Māori
The Māori Party election campaign focuses on protecting indigenous rights. In previous elections their policies have included improving public transport with fewer emissions, giving tax breaks to lower income earners, taking GST off food products, and banning the use of controversial 1080 poison. Their policies have not yet been updated on their website; however they did recently release a policy for a new rail scheme called IwiRail which they say will open up the regions to freight and tourism. Since the 2008 general election, the party has provided parliamentary support to the Fifth National Government.

ACT
Since the 2008 general election, the party has provided parliamentary support to the Fifth National Government.

ACT has announced policies including tax cuts, with the top personal tax bracket reducing from 33% to 25%,  and raising the age of superannuation from 65 to 67 gradually every 2 months starting in 2020.

The Opportunities Party (TOP)
In taxation, the party would deem a minimum rate of return for all assets (including housing, land and business assets) and charge a tax on it. At the same time, reduce income tax rates so that the total tax take remains unchanged. The changes will be done gradually to ensure house prices remain stable while incomes grow. The party considers the existing tax regime to favour owners of capital and to over-tax wage earners, to favour home-owners and to disadvantage those who rent their home, and to encourage investment in real estate rather than productive businesses.

They would tighten immigration laws and shift the focus to attracting highly skilled migrants. Criteria for immigrants would involve demonstrating they can help improve the living standards of all New Zealanders, limiting net immigration to 1% population growth per annum (i.e. 47,900 based on June 2017 population), and making access to permanent residency harder and longer.

The party's founder, Gareth Morgan, announced plans to almost halve the number of prison inmates by 2027. Morgan said "New Zealand has some of the world's worst and most outdated criminal justice policies", and to reduce the prison population by 40%, the party wants to scrap the 'three strikes' law, extend eligibility for the Youth Court to offenders under 20, and increase funding for restorative justice.

United Future
On 21 August 2017, United Future leader and sole MP Peter Dunne announced that he was quitting politics at the election, citing recent polling and his perception that there was a mood for change in his seat of Ōhāriu. United Future's candidate for the Botany electorate took over as leader shortly after, promising to move his party towards Labour because of its stance on social issues.

Highbury Shopping Centre
Highbury Shopping Centre is a shopping mall in the North Shore suburb of Birkenhead, Auckland in New Zealand. It opened in 1998. Its front pedestrian entrance is situated on Mokoia Road.

In May 2018, the centre was sold by NZ Retail Property Group to Colliers International.

The centre features two major anchor retailers, The Warehouse and a Countdown supermarket.

2019 Auckland local elections
The 2019 Auckland local elections will take place between September and October 2019 by postal vote. The elections will be the fourth since the merger of seven councils into the Auckland Council, which is composed of the mayor and 20 councillors, and 149 members of 21 local boards. Twenty-one district health board members and 41 licensing trust members will also be elected.

Mayoral election
The incumbent mayor, Phil Goff, is seeking a second term. Goff declared his candidacy on 3 March 2019.

Governing body elections
Twenty members will be elected to the Auckland Council, across thirteen wards.

The Auckland Future ticket, holding four local body seats since 2016, announced in March 2019 that it would not field candidates.

Licensing Trust elections
35 Members were elected to 5 licensing trusts across Auckland.