User:Alanaesimons/sandbox

WEEK 2: ARTICLE EVALUATION
1.'''Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?'''

- This article has a wide variety of resources and information. For example, various perspectives on origins, distribution across province, language dialects, key figures and Cree in the U.S   • This has both positive and negative effects. ~ POSITIVE: • A large variety of information and resources to provide a 360 perspective the nation. ~ NEGATIVE: • Very little information on each subsection. • The information that is missing for each subgroup is crucial to the readers. • For example, there is very little information of the contemporary Cree. • This may have difficult ramifications as it implies the Cree as a historical nation. - The first thing written down on this article is "For other uses, see Cree. Nehiyaw redirects here. For the children's book author, see Glecia Bear". Not entirely sure what this entails, what it means, or what is has to do with the article.

2. '''Is the article neutral? Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?'''

• Based on the information which is missing (i.e. culture, spirituality and contemporary history), it is apparent as though this was written by an individual who may be experienced in the historical, academic, western perspective. For this reason, there is a slight bias towards the Western Perspective rather than a Cree perspective.

3. Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented?

• A heavy emphasis on language. This would be appropriate as long as there is a balance of other topics. • The Cree have a very extensive history, there could be much more on the past. (i.e. involvement in the Fur Trade, history of Northern Saskatchewan etc.) • Little to no information on Cree spirituality. There is a mention that the religion of the group is "Anglicanism, Pentecostalism, Roman Catholicism". Although this may be true in paces such as the James Bay Cree, there is no mention of practiced spirituality that occurred before contact, or what is   still practiced today. '''4. Check a few citations. Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article?'''

- All the citations work, however, a few have minor glitches:

• States that Woods Cree are in northern Alberta when in reality, are found in northern Saskatchewan and Manitoba. • Leads to some wikipedia articles that need some help, such as Cumberland House, Saskatchewan, Eeyou Istchee and Alexander First Nation

'''5. Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?'''

- There is an issue of some of the referencing: • The picture used to represent the article does not have a reference. Further, why the title for the photo is out of date: "Cree Indian". In addition, it has a picture from the early 1900's, rather than a picture depicting the nation in a contemporary sense. • There is no information on where the census or the population numbers came from. • There 57 notes and citations, but only 2 references leading to books. This points to the fact that this individual used all of their information from wikipedia articles.

'''6. Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?'''

• Seeing as though there are not citations regarding populations of Cree across Canada, I am unsure of if this is out of date. • Some terms are out of date, such as "Indian".

7. '''Check out the Talk page of the article. What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?'''

- The discussion surrounding this topic is very similar to some of what I have mentioned: • Where are some of the links and references for the population census. • A living nation should be represented in colour photos rather than black and white. ~ However, the individual who is monitoring the talk section and whom wrote the article has done a      very good job on responding to critics and concerns. 8. '''How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects?'''

- This article is a part of the following wiki projects: • Wiki Project: Indigenous peoples of North America. • Wiki Project: Canada/Ontario/Quebec/Manitoba/Saskatchewan/Alberta/Territories • Wiki Project : Montana • Wiki Project: Ethnic Groups - This Article is Rated as following: • Rated B-Class (Mid Importance)

9. How does the way Wikipedia discusses this topic differ from the way we've talked about it in class?

- How this article has not related: • Little discussion of the fur trade, which has been the prominent perspective of class. • Little discussion of European contact • Little discussion on the forced relocation due to the depletion of resources from the fur trade. - How this article has related: • Mention and discussion of the Metis. • Mention and hyperlink to areas discussed in class such as Hudson Bay and Athabasca

WEEK 3:INSERT CITATION
My citation can be located and directed at Frederick Seymour article page: Begg, Alexander (1972). History of British Columbia From its Earliest Discovery to the Present Time. London: McGraw Hill Publisher.

WEEK 4: CHOOSE A TOPIC
Fredrick Seymour wikipedia article is a good starting point, although needs much more information and citations to support the research. The following topics could be used within this article:

- Fredrick Seymour's relationship with the B.C Indigenous populations. - The surrounding BC political topics in this time. - More dates - More detail in topics such as involvement in the school system - Information on his early years.

A possible bibliography could be made for the following topics:

Barman, Jean and Mona Lee Gleason. Children, Teachers and Schools in the History of British Columbia. Detselig Enterprises, 2003.

Begg, Alexander. History of British Columbia From its Earliest Discovery to the Present Time. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1972.

Blake, Lynn A. "Pastoral Power, Governmentality and Cultures of Order in Nineteenth-Century British Columbia." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers24, no. 1 (1999): 79-93.

Carleton, Sean. 2017. "Settler Anxiety and State Support for Missionary Schooling in Colonial British Columbia, 1849 –1871." Historical Studies in Education / Revued'Histoire De l'Éducation.

Downs, Art. The law and the lawless : frontier justice in British Columbia and Yukon,1858-1911. Toronto: Heritage House Publishing Co. 2014.

Fisher, Robin. "Indian Warfare and Two Frontiers: A Comparison of British Columbia and Washington Territory during the Early Years of Settlement." Pacific Historical Review 50, no. 1 (1981): 31-51.

Fisher, Robin. "Joseph Trutch and Indian Land Policy." BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly. Published Winter 1972.

Gough, Barry M. ""Turbulent Frontiers" and British Expansion: Governor James Douglas, the Royal Navy, and the British Columbia Gold Rushes." Pacific Historical Review 41, no. 1 (1972): 15-32.

Harvey, Megan. "Story People: Sto:lo- State Relations and Indigenous Litercies in British Columbia, 1864-1874." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association, vol. 24, no. 1, 2013, p.51.

Haworth, Kent M., and Charles Maier. "'Not a Matter of Regret': Granville's Response to Seymour's Death." BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly.

Hewlett, Edward Sleigh. 1973. "The Chilcotin Uprising of 1864." BC Studies 19, 50-72. Ormsby, Margaret A. "Frederick Seymour, The Forgotten Governor.” BC Studies 22(1974): 3-25.

Rothenburger, Mel. The Chilcotin War. New England: Mr. Paperback. 1978.

WEEK 5: WRITE A DRAFT
MODIFIED INTRODUCTION

Frederick Seymour (6 September 1820 – 10 June 1869) was a colonial administrator. After receiving little education and no inheritance from his father, Prince Albert offered Seymour a junior appointment in the colonial service. Seymour held positions in various British colonies from 1842 until 1863 when he returned back to England. From 1864 to 1866, he served as the second Governor of the Colony of British Columbia, succeeding Sir James Douglas. During his time as Governor, he was involved in the aftermath of the Chilcotin Uprising and different gold mining initiatives he hoped would further the economic growth of the colony. Seymour continued to serve as the first governor of the union of the two colonies, also named the Colony of British Columbia from 1866 to 1869. Seymour, although opposed to it, played a major role in the creation of the Act of Union between the two colonies. Further, Seymour was a key player in developing, creating and cementing a relationship with BC Indigenous nations such as the sto:lo.

SECTION: SEYMOUR'S TIME AS THE GOVERNOR OF THE COLONY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA AND AS GOVERNOR OF THE UNITED COLONIES OF VANCOUVER ISLAND AND BRITISH COLUMBIA.

- More information on Seymour's appointment as governor needs to be covered. His predecessor, James Douglas, left the colony in debt and with great civil unrest. The debt of the colony at the time was staggering, especially regarding the loans on roadwork and expansion. The causes of that and what Seymour did to address both issues should be included with more detail within the article. This includes his consistent trips to different parts of the colony and his work with the settler and First Nations in order to establish an economy within the colony. This section could include his enthusiasm for the colony to invest in mining related ventures, as well as the expansion of local mercantilism within the colony.

- Seymour was a large player in the Chilcotin War when it came to decision making around the attacks on road workers. As governor, he was an active advocate for the building of wagon roads to mining areas in order to further the growing colony's economy, a main catalyst in the conflict. More information needs to be included about his reactions to the skirmish's would help broaden the perspective of his priorities as Governor.

The article has little information on Seymour's role in the joining of the British Columbia mainland and Vancouver island. Although originally against the union, he was one of the primary writers of what would becomes the provinces temporary constitution, heavily influenced by his suggestions for the future of the United Colonies. There are a great many primary documents that describe the process of unification, that can be found within the B.C. Legislative Council Archives.

SECTION: SEYMOUR'S TIME AS THE GOVERNOR OF THE COLONY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA AND AS GOVERNOR OF THE UNITED COLONIES OF VANCOUVER ISLAND AND BRITISH COLUMBIA FROM 1866-SEYMOUR'S DEATH IN 1869

- Leading up to Frederick Seymour's unification of Vancouver Island and British Columbia in 1866, financial difficulties in the colony of British Columbia. The interior gold fields had become empty leaving a mass amount of miners to leave the colony, to follow the abandonment of the mines the Collins Telegraph Line had been deserted leaving five-hundred men un-employed. However there is little information on what Seymour did to improve the deficits created.

- Seymour however, delayed the joining of Victoria and British Columbia due to having to reduce the administration to $88,000. Revenues were non-existent; gold export tax was very low, as well as an unexpected short comings in customs receipts due to Victoria merchants. $100,000 in Tobacco and Alcohol was imported before mainland tariffs were extended.

- With a population of 1500 between the Main Land and Island the United Colonies had a gross debit of $1,300,000. In 1867 Seymour was faced with a massive deficit and a two month debate on where the United Colonies new capital would be.

SECTION: FREDERICK SEYMOUR'S INVOLVEMENT IN POLITICAL INDIGENOUS RELATIONS.

- More information on Fredrick Seymour's perspectives on Indigenous relations in political matters. For example, Seymour viewed missionary/residential schools as "an important tool". This is because Seymour believed that the schools would facilitate in the adoption of European culture for the Sto:lo nation. Further, he believed it to be a way to ease tensions and resistances so that land claim of traditional territory could occur. This information is important as it provides a different perspectives on what Seymour valued, and further, a deeper look at his perspective.

- Needed more information on how he developed a relationship with the Sto:lo and Salish nations. For example, when Seymour first came into office, a 1864 petition on the protection of the Upper and Central Fraser Valley was put in place. However, between 1974 many petitions were put in place by the Sto:lo, re-requesting the protection of land as it was not protected as previously promised.

SECTION: FREDERICK SEYMOUR'S EARLY LIFE AND CAREER

- Very little information is provided about Seymour's early life and family history, which would given a more well rounded picture of who he was. There is also no credible citations.

- No mention is given about his education, or if he even attended school or received any sort of education. If no information about whether or not he received any form of education can be found, that needs to be stated in the Wiki article or posted on the talk section of the page.

- "For the next twenty years, he served in various positions in a series of colonies mired in political and economic difficulties: Van Diemen's Land, Antigua, Nevis, British Honduras, and the Bay Islands." This lacks both detail and a credible citation, which I find very problematic. Yes, it is stated that these colonies faced political and economic difficulties, but what exactly were these difficulties? If/how did Seymour overcome them?