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=Applications of Lasers= Laser is an optical device that generates intense beam of coherent monochromatic light by stimulated emission of radiation.

Laser light is different from an ordinary light. It has various unique properties such as coherence, monochromacity, directionality, and high intensity. Because of these unique properties, lasers are used in various applications.

The most significant applications of lasers include:


 * Lasers in medicine
 * Lasers in communications
 * Lasers in industries
 * Lasers in science and technology
 * Lasers in military

Lasers in medicine
Modulight lasers are deployed in the medical applications field from surgery to non-invasive therapeutic procedures. Semiconductor lasers are wavelength versatile and offer a high level of customization of the output power and beam delivery. Modulight medical lasers are engineered all the way from user interface to harware and annual calibration for the specific needs of the medical products. Customer applications include photo dynamic therapy (PDT), photo dynamic detection (PDD) and non-surgical treatment of varicose veins, dentistry or therapeutic and cosmetic treatments.

Lasers in communications
Digital data transmission is an important part of modern society. Optical communication is any form of telecommunication that uses light as the transmission medium. An optical communication system consists of a transmitter, which encodes a message into an optical signal, a channel, which carries the signal to its destination, and a receiver, which reproduces the message from the received optical signal.

RF-over-fiber refers to transmission of analog multiplexed radio-frequency signals over an optical fiber medium. RF-over-fiber technology delivers unprecedented performance levels for a broad range of applications from wireless networks to high-frequency signal distribution in avionics and military.

Optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) is a fast spreading test method for checking condition of fiber optic cablings. As the fiber optic networks are built closer and closer to end users the cablings are laid in increasingly demanding environment requiring easy and simple diagnostics. In OTDR high power laser pulses are shot out to fiber cabling and the condition of the fiber link can be determined form the back reflection of the pulses.

Lasers in industries
Lasers are used in industry in a huge variety of applications. These applications can be divided between those that involve the processing of materials and all other applications. Materials processing includes cutting, drilling, welding, etc., and generally involves the use of high-powered lasers.

Lasers in science and technology
In science, lasers are used in many ways, including:

A wide variety of interferometric techniques Raman spectroscopy Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy Atmospheric remote sensing Investigating nonlinear optics phenomena Holographic techniques employing lasers also contribute to a number of measurement techniques. Laser based lidar (LIght raDAR) technology has application in geology, seismology, remote sensing and atmospheric physics. Lasers have been used aboard spacecraft such as in the Cassini-Huygens mission. In astronomy, lasers have been used to create artificial laser guide stars, used as reference objects for adaptive optics telescopes. Lasers may also be indirectly used in spectroscopy as a micro-sampling system, a technique termed Laser ablation (LA), which is typically applied to ICP-MS apparatus resulting in the powerful LA-ICP-MS.

The principles of laser spectroscopy are discussed by Demtröder.

Lasers in military
Military lasers are used in a variety of applications. Example; The ATL or Advanced Tactical Laser is an airborne offensive laser system based on chemical oxygen iodine process or (COIL) and is used to reduce collateral damage in urban environments by using a C130H as a platform for this weapon system. Other military lasers such as MTHEL or Mobile Tactical High Energy Laser, is a ground based system and is a chemical laser based on deuterium fluoride. The purpose of the MTHEL is to provide an aerial defense against incoming rockets, missiles, artillery, mortars, basically a short range ballistic target weapon.

Ground forces use a variety of small arms weapon mountable lasers such as the AN/PEQ-2A which is a 50mW 820 ~850nm IR laser found on the M16/M4 family of CQB weapons. These lasers assist night vision equipment and conceals the points of origin, making this laser system very stealthy. Operation Iraqi Freedom, gave birth to newer tools that utilize high powered visible lasers. Operating at the 532nm wavelength with over 300mW of output, for the first time MOUT trained soldier deployed with highly visible green laser dazzlers to suppress incoming VIED or Vehicle-borne Improvised Explosive Device at check points throughout the theater.

Other uses of high powered military lasers, suppressing the opposition by temporarily blinding sniper positions, pointing and directing fire to specific targets, distraction devices, psychological warfare to dazzle and confuse the enemy are just some of the ways military lasers are used. With portable hand-held lasers approaching CLASS IV power and output, the uses of tactical lasers are becoming a new non-lethal alternative to using lethal kinetic ammunitions. CLASS IV lasers are producing over 500mW of output and are slowly becoming part of the military arsenals to provide non-lethal engagements in sensitive areas of operations.