User:AmareTamashī99/sandbox

New Evidence
Language

The Homo heidelbergensis has been indicated as an ancestor of modern humans that did not have air sacs. It is said that the loss of air sacs contributed to humans’ ability to propel further in vocal language. Ancestors, such as the Australopithecus, did not have air sacs. Furthermore, evidence has shown that Homo heidelbergensis were right-handed. Right-handedness is associated with the develop of language among hominins. Considering this evidence, scientist have hypothesized about the speaking capabilities of the species. A recent study, that compared the speech frequency of humans and chimpanzees, reported that the Homo heidelbergensis speech abilities most resemble that of modern day humans. More specifically: “the Atapuerca SH hominins show[ed] a bandwidth that [wa]s slightly displaced and considerably extended to encompass the frequencies that contain relevant acoustic information in human speech.”

Homo Heidelbergenis First

The Homo heidelbergensis is home to many first for the human species. It has been noted by the Smithsonian National Museum of National History to be the first species of the homo genus branch to build permanent shelters. Furthermore, the physical build of the Homo heidlebergensis allowed it to be the first of the homo genus to withstand colder temperatures; paving the way for its successors to evolve to withstand even colder landscapes. The ratio of height to width, wide body in comparison to height, is what enabled the species to conserve more body heat to endure harsher climates. It has also been proposed by scientist that the Homo heidelbergensis was the first to contract odontogenic orbital cellulitis, or a severe eye infection, that developed from an abscess of the mouth.

Intro
Meaning there is no direct evidence suggesting that Homo heidelbergensis is related to modern day humans.

The species was named Homo Heidelbergensis due to the skeleton's discovery in Heidelberg, Germany.

Taxonomy
Recent studies have hypothesized that homo sapiens and Neanderthals separated from the Homo Heidelbergensis branch. They also proposed that "[a]s there are potential H. heidelbergensis fossils from Asia, it is possible they could represent the ancestors of the Denisovans"

Europe
However, it was not until 1908 that the discovery gained traction among the public.

Homo rhodesiensis
Homo rhodesiensis is the species name proposed by Arthur Smith Woodward (1921) to classify Kabwe 1 (the "Kabwe skull" or "Broken Hill skull", also "Rhodesian Man"), a Middle Stone Age fossil recovered from a cave at Broken Hill, or Kabwe,  Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia).

H. rhodesiensis is now mostly considered a synonym of Homo heidelbergensis, or possibly an African subspecies of Homo heidelbergensis sensu lato, understood as a polymorphic species dispersed throughout Africa and Eurasia with a range spanning the  Middle Pleistocene (c. 0.8–0.12 mya). "Ceprano clusters in our analysis with other European, African and Asian Mid-Pleistocene specimens – such as Petralona, Dali, Kabwe, Jinniu Shan, Steinheim, and SH5 – furnishing a rather plesiomorphic phenetic link among them. On the basis of this morphological affinity, it seems appropriate to group Ceprano with these fossils, and consider them as a single taxon. The available nomen for this putative species is H. heidelbergensis, whose distinctiveness stands on the retention of a number of archaic traits combined with features that are more derived and independent from any Neandertal ancestry. [...] This result would suggest that H. ergaster survived as a distinct species until 1 Ma, and would discard the validity of the species H. cepranensis [...] Thus we can include the so-called “Ante-Neandertals” from Europe in the same taxonomical unit with other Mid-Pleistocene samples from Africa and continental Asia. Combining the results of the two approaches of our phenetic analysis, Ceprano should be reasonably accommodated as part of a Mid-Pleistocene human taxon H. heidelbergensis, which would include European, African, and Asian specimens. Moreover, the combination of archaic and derived features exhibited by the Italian specimen represents a “node” connecting the different poles of such a polymorphic humanity." Other designations such as Homo sapiens arcaicus and Homo sapiens rhodesiensis have also been proposed. White et al. (2003) suggested Rhodesian Man as ancestral to Homo sapiens idaltu (Herto Man).

The derivation of Homo sapiens from Homo rhodesiensis has often been proposed, but is obscured by a fossil gap during 400–260 kya.

The was name proposed by Arthur Smith Woodward (1921) to classify Kabwe 1 (the "Kabwe skull" or "Broken Hill skull", also "Rhodesian Man"), a Middle Stone Age fossil recovered from a cave at Broken Hill, or Kabwe,  Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). H. rhodesiensis is now mostly considered a synonym of Homo heidelbergensis, or possibly an African subspecies of Homo heidelbergensis sensu lato, understood as a polymorphic species dispersed throughout Africa and Eurasia with a range spanning the  Middle Pleistocene (c. 0.8–0.12 mya). "Ceprano clusters in our analysis with other European, African and Asian Mid-Pleistocene specimens – such as Petralona, Dali, Kabwe, Jinniu Shan, Steinheim, and SH5 – furnishing a rather plesiomorphic phenetic link among them. On the basis of this morphological affinity, it seems appropriate to group Ceprano with these fossils, and consider them as a single taxon. The available nomen for this putative species is H. heidelbergensis, whose distinctiveness stands on the retention of a number of archaic traits combined with features that are more derived and independent from any Neandertal ancestry. [...] This result would suggest that H. ergaster survived as a distinct species until 1 Ma, and would discard the validity of the species H. cepranensis [...] Thus we can include the so-called “Ante-Neandertals” from Europe in the same taxonomical unit with other Mid-Pleistocene samples from Africa and continental Asia. Combining the results of the two approaches of our phenetic analysis, Ceprano should be reasonably accommodated as part of a Mid-Pleistocene human taxon H. heidelbergensis, which would include European, African, and Asian specimens. Moreover, the combination of archaic and derived features exhibited by the Italian specimen represents a “node” connecting the different poles of such a polymorphic humanity." Other designations such as Homo sapiens arcaicus and Homo sapiens rhodesiensis have also been proposed. White et al. (2003) suggested Rhodesian Man as ancestral to Homo sapiens idaltu (Herto Man).