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Oran (in Arabic: القطاع الوهراني) and (in Berber ⵜⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴻⵀⵔⴻⵏ) is a socio-cultural region of western Algeria including all northwestern Algeria and corresponds approximately to the following wilayas: Oran, Ain Temouchent, Mascara, Mostaganem, Relizane, Saida, Sidi Bel Abbes, Tlemcen, Tiaret. The capital of the region is the city of Oran.

Oran, by its geography and its past, is inseparable from Algeria and its history and represents, in fact, only part of the Algerian cultural and natural heritage. Thus, the Oran represents naturally the western part of the Tell, which was in the past a place of nomadism of many tribes. Other tribes nomadized between the Sahara and the Tell, according to the seasons4.

Several dynasties ruled the central Maghreb from Oranian cities such as Tiaret and Tlemcen. The Emir Abdelkader figure of the Algerian resistance against colonialism is from Mascara. Similarly, the famous nationalist Messali Hadj hails from Tlemcen. More recently, the Raï, which was once considered a regional music specific to Oran, has become the most popular music in the whole country and is one of the main representatives of Algerian music and culture. internationally.

This region of Algeria is limited to the east by the middle Chélif valley, to the west by the Oriental region (Morocco), to the north by the Mediterranean Sea and to the south by the western highlands. is also characterized by the proximity of the Spanish coast5, the distance between the Wilaya of Aïn Témouchent and Almeria is 94 km to 180 km6.

The term Oran was originally used informally to name the Oran department of the colonial era in its largest extension7 (before the 1957 territorial reform). This department corresponded to a large extent to the territory of the western Beylik of the regency of Algiers which had for successive capitals Mazouna, Mascara, Oran.

This neologism of the nineteenth century, which was listed in ancient dictionaries8, no longer has this privilege, while its use is commonplace.

Orania corresponds to western Tell, however some add to it the wilayas of the south to the Wilaya of Bechar, like the daily newspaper Le Quotidien d'Oran, but this region is also called "the South Oranais"; these two regions represented the Wilaya V during the Algerian war.

External link

 * Metzmacher, M. (1979a). Les oiseaux de la Macta et de sa région (Algérie) : Non passereaux. Aves, 3-4 : 89–123.


 * Metzmacher, M. (non daté). Les oiseaux des oliveraies du Sig (Oranie). Document en pdf..