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BANU MUSA
Biography:

• The Banu Musa brothers were three brothers: Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir, Ahmad ibn Musa ibn Shakir and Al-Hasan ibn Musa ibn Shakir.

• They were scholars from the 9th century that lived and worked in Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasid dynasty that ruled the Muslim Empire for several centuries

• During the al-Ma'mun caliphate between 813 and 833, had a successful career in astronomy and geometry.

• The Banu Musa worked in astronomy observatories that were built in Baghdad by the Abbasid Caliph, al-Ma'mun, and did research in the House of Wisdom.

Contribution to science and math

• Their most famous work is The Book of the Measurement of Plane and Spherical Figures, which had important mathematical contributions in.

• In astronomy, they measured a degree of the latitude of the earth and they used this for a journey to northern Mesopotamia.

• They also made observations of the sun and the moon from Baghdad, which helped them measure the length of a year of 365 days and 6 hours. • The Banu Musa Brothers, mostly Ahmad, were also known for their achievements in mechanics, with their book, The Book of Ingenious Devices ( Kitab al-hiyal).

• In this book, 100 of devices are explained in great details that consist of: 73 trick vessels, 15 automatic controls, 7 water jets, 3 oil lamps, and 2 other lifting mechanical systems.

Facts

• Banu Musa is the “Sons of Musa”.

• The translated the Greek scientific works into Arabic, which also led the astronomical observations in Baghdad and organized a school of translators.

• Their father was Musa ibn Shakir