User:AnAurora/sandbox

Health expenses and governmental funding
((Norway)) scores overall very high on different rankings in health care performances worldwide. Unique for the Norwegian health care system is that the state founds almost all expenses a patient would have. And patients with extra high expenses due to a permanent illness receive a tax deduction. In 2010 did 9.4 percent of the country’s (GDP) go to health spending, and only about 1.4 percent of that was private spending. This make Norway to one of the countries in the world where private spending on health care is the lowest percent of the total. In 2007, out-of-pocket payments made up 15 percent of total health expenditure, reflecting moderate cost-sharing requirements. In December, every year, creates the government an annual health budget for the following year. This ((budget)) includes all expenses within the health branch of Norway. And on some occasions, has the parliament voted for additional funds later in the year, primarily for hospitals. The welfare state costs a lot to maintain and to improve after the standard and inflation of the year. Pension, regulated after age, is the largest expense in the budget section covering health and welfare. In the year of 2018 has the government increased expenses and funding to the health sector with 2 percent compared to last year, with the goal to shorten the length of waiting lines and improve health services. After the budget is passed for the coming year, are funds for hospital care allocated to the regional health authorities. They are responsible to distribute the financial funding to hospitals and other health services locally.

History and development
After the ((second world war)) the government of Norway decided to include (national health care) as one of their main focuses in the development of the welfare state. The state is responsible to provide good and necessary health services for everyone. The responsibility is divided between three levels of governmental responsibility. First the state government, second the county and lastly the local council. The government is responsible for developing laws and passing bills, but the department of Health and Care has the main responsibility for the daily running and operations regarding health politics and health services in Norway. In 2001 was an arraignment developed that gave each citizen the right to have a permanent doctor in the area they lived in. Responsible for this right is the city council in every county, and they also initiate agreements and cooperation with the doctors. This improvement in the healthcare that Norway have to offer is one of several. What the different reforms has in common is that they all came as a reaction to an inefficient system that did not take full advantage of all available recourses. Another major reform that came in the beginning of the 21th century, was the health reform of 2002.

Hospital reform of 2002
In January 2002 took the government over the responsibility of running all the hospitals in the country. Kjell Magne Bondevik was the prime minister at this time. He was the leader of the party KrF and he was head of a government in coalition with two other parties, H and V. Up until this date the hospitals in Norway was operated by the county and the city council. The goal was to improve the quality on medical treatment, to run the hospitals more efficiently than earlier and to make medical treatment equally available to everyone in the country. The reform was inspired by thoughts from the New Public Management movement, and major changes was realized after these principles. Hospitals and services was organized in to five regional health-companies. They are independent legal entities organized after the same principles as a corporation, with a few exceptions. The health companies are only owned by the government, they cannot go bankrupt and is guaranteed by the government. The government also lend loans and give them finances from the state founding. The reform was to some extend successful. Patients waiting lists before treatment was reduced with almost 20 thousand patients. But the spending on healthcare in Norway increased, and after a year the financial deficit reached almost 3.1 billion. Also, efficiency improvements in treatments can be noticed by patients when they have less time with the doctor and sometimes must check out of the hospital the same day.