User:Angelasilva.as/sandbox

What is forced sterilization: The sterilization varied from destroying and disabling the reproductive organs. Most of the time women were in childbirth when physician took advantage of the time and sterilized women at the time or women would get told that they could get the treatment and reverse it at any time, but instead would make it permeant.

History of sterilization in America: There were a total of 32 states who contributed in federally funded sterilization procedure is the Native American families, people of color, poor people, and those who were disabled. California was the state who had performed the most sterilization procedure in the country without full consent of the procedure. Third of the procedure that were being done were aimed for girls under the age of 18 the youngest of the girls that is known is 9. Gordon Lincecum was a Texas biologist who proposed the bill to make it mandatory for there to be sterilization. In 1897 Michigan was the first state in the country to pass for the forced sterilization but later was vetoed by the governor, after 4 years Pennsylvania passed forced sterilization but then was stopped again. It was when George Bush Sr. passed the family Planning Act which allowed there to be sterilization of Native American women without their consent. Sates continued to pass forced sterilization, but Oregon was the last state that preformed legal sterilization in U.S history in 1981.

In the 1974 case of Relf vs. Weinberger they required for the department of health and human services to clarify the definition of voluntary and consensual. The case was brought up due to the lack of knowledge that minorities had and the advantage that was taken of them. During the case there was an estimated 100,000 to 150,000 people that had been sterilized by federal funded programs. The judge eventually ruled that federal money couldn't be used to fund involuntary sterilization.

Why were Native American women sterilized: Native American women, the poor, the disabled, and the women of color were targeted to forced sterilization because white doctors believed that those classified women weren’t intelligent enough to take other birth control methods. They targeted them because due to their belief a big family was always better, which made their birth rate high. It was said that the average white women was 2.42 children in the 70’s but in the 80’s it had gone done to 2.14, but as for Native American tribes their children rat decreased about 55% from the 70’s to the 80’s due to the sterilizations.

The Indian Health Services: The family planning services was created in the 1970 when the forced sterilization was preforming in the Native American women, the poor, and those of color. The family planning services got federal funding for family planning services for families who were low income and families who weren’t insured. With the title x funding they funded clinics where women were allowed to get education on what was birth control and low costing birth control. The clinics offered variety of programs for any of the women’s need. These programs and clinics later began to preform consensual sterilizations.

Effects of sterilization: In the areas where sterilization was being wasn’t to sterile which had lead to complications. While there were complication there had to be additional treatment for the women to get better, but the government only actually covered the sterilization procedure, so it was up to the women on how to get the medication and most women did not have the funds which in some cases lead to death.