User:Annabutterfield/sandbox

4Girls GLocal (4GGL) is a collateral networking organization that advocates and brings awareness to women empowerment domestically and locally in ways of fundraising and volunteering.

Education

 * Education equality
 * Girls Formal Education

Gender Equality

 * Women Empowerment - this is a large focus of my organization, as there is no page for it yet i would like to create one in order to expand the ideas of my organization
 * Feminism

Education Inequality

 * Timely sources with working links
 * Decent amount within the Talk section that is all beneficial
 * All information is relevant and detailed within the introductory first paragraph, however it is lengthy and I believe could be condensed/ put into other sections of the article
 * I believe there could be more added within the remedies "remedies" section of the article that discusses what countries have done to increase education equality also more within the "evidence of global inequality" section

Women's Empowerment

 * This is the most important aspect of my organization and they emphasize the use of gender empowerment together and how many languages and cultures do not have a definition of the word empowerment
 * I would like to update and add more information that helps coincide with the meaning that my organization and I know of
 * The Wikipedia article is very vague and does not include the facts and details that my organization highlights within gender empowerment
 * The article is rated as a C-Class article along with the (Women, Gender Studies, and Feminism) all being C-Class as well

Transnational Feminist Network

 * Not very timely sources
 * Most recent source dating to 2005
 * Lack of detail and information on the work and goals of the organizations
 * Very short and broad
 * Could use better organization of topics

Potential Articles - Transnational Feminist Networks
This is a very new topic for me so I would like to add and learn more on it to understand it better


 * 1) Global Feminism: Transnational Women's Activism, Organizing, and Human Rights
 * 2) This reading focuses on disproving the assumptions that globalization and transnational feminist networks are not something new The author goes over historical proof about why these concepts are nothing new such as transnational organizations being at the same level in 1910 during measurement of global trade than they are now and also mentions that many feminist organizations still existed as well. There was mainly a decline in transnational organization due to world wars happening between 1910 and now. This being said, it was noted that feminist mobilization tends to always increase with greater globalization. Throughout this reading the author mentions the conceptual definition of feminism and women movements and why the distinction is important, as well as how transnational effects local feminists and can also be dangerous and lastly why the process of globalization matters for feminists.


 * 1) Networking Arguments: Rhetoricg, Transnational Feminism, and Public Pol
 * 2) This reading focuses on core events that have happened leading to the creation of numerous transnational feminist networks along with many NGO's, organizations and movements. It begins discussing conferences such as the the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing and how they addressed issues and negotiations among women within this conference, and how this rhetoric within the conference affected feminism and gender mainstreaming, with a lot of the Beijing platform focusing on transnational feminist goals by networking and addressing how the definition of gender mainstreaming to local and global structures exacerbates inequalities.
 * 3) book of Transnational Feminist Movements
 * 4) Navigating Socio-Spatial Difference, Constructing Counter-Space: Insights from Transnational Feminist Praxis
 * 5) Focuses on how feminist activists have been able to transnationalize their struggle with local forms of oppression on women. Furthermore, it discusses and explores how transnational feminist networks navigate social and political built inequalities within their personal practices as a larger social movement.
 * 6) Transnational Feminisms and the World Social Forum: Encounters and Transformations in Anti-globalization Spaces
 * 7) Within this reading it is argued and discussed that transnational feminists have been some of the most significant forces acting on the World Social Forum which sets to counter hegemonic globalization. The author argues that transnational feminisms can be understood as movements and political ethics. They are also making certain contributions to current emancipatory movements in and beyond the World Social Forum. The reading historicizes and analyzes expressions of transnational feminism within the World Social Forum with points for understanding the relationally of feminisms, anti-globalization movements and brings further discussion to debates over the future of feminism within transnational feminist networks.

Potential Articles - Women's Empowerment
This topic and understanding of my organizations importance is used the most when they describe what their goals are and what they do I would like to further explain the comprehension of it and its importance


 * 1) Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women's Empowerment
 * 2) Annotation: The paper initially discusses how women's empowerment is the process starting with women who initially have been denied the ability of freedom as well as the ability to make life choices acquire the ability to do so. It then goes into detail about how the ability to exercise freedom and life choices among women ultimately incorporates and is comprised of three interrelated dimensions starting with resource access, ability of agency and also achievements on well-being.
 * 3) Measuring Women’s Empowerment as a Variable in International Development  ***
 * 4) Annotation: This article discusses how women's empowerment is one of the key elements within poverty reduction as well as a primary development assistance goal for developing countries. The article further argues what it believes are the most promising ways of measuring and analyzing women's empowerment and poverty reduction by reviewing major concepts of theoretical, methodological and empirical literature on women's empowerment from the fields of demography, economics, anthropology and sociology.
 * 5) Gender equality and women's empowerment: A critical analysis of the third millennium development goal 1
 * 6) Annotation: This article discusses in detail the United Nation's third Millennium Development Goal (MDG), which was focused on gender equality and women's empowerment. It further provides detail into numerous concepts of women's empowerment and discusses ways in which the factors associated with this goal (especially on education, employment, and political participation) mainly contribute to the ideology of women's empowerment.
 * 7) Assessing women's empowerment: towards a conceptual framework
 * 8) Annotation: This article focuses on how policy makers and those with governing ability decide on empowerment within oppressed and underprivileged as a development goal and what it really means by discussing further into how there is not an adequate and widely accepted method for measuring and tracking empowerment fluctuations. It goes over how the concept of power was refined in the second half of the twentieth century and how it was then described within this context. It also discusses how it is important to recognize the disadvantaged and the way power relations play into the disadvantages, and by doing this it would ultimately lead to better debates and information on and within understanding empowerment.
 * 1) Assessing women's empowerment: towards a conceptual framework
 * 2) Annotation: This article focuses on how policy makers and those with governing ability decide on empowerment within oppressed and underprivileged as a development goal and what it really means by discussing further into how there is not an adequate and widely accepted method for measuring and tracking empowerment fluctuations. It goes over how the concept of power was refined in the second half of the twentieth century and how it was then described within this context. It also discusses how it is important to recognize the disadvantaged and the way power relations play into the disadvantages, and by doing this it would ultimately lead to better debates and information on and within understanding empowerment.
 * 1) Annotation: This article focuses on how policy makers and those with governing ability decide on empowerment within oppressed and underprivileged as a development goal and what it really means by discussing further into how there is not an adequate and widely accepted method for measuring and tracking empowerment fluctuations. It goes over how the concept of power was refined in the second half of the twentieth century and how it was then described within this context. It also discusses how it is important to recognize the disadvantaged and the way power relations play into the disadvantages, and by doing this it would ultimately lead to better debates and information on and within understanding empowerment.

Summarizing and Synthesizing
Area

transnational feminist networks: There are many approaches Transnational Feminist networks take when transnational feminisms, also understood as a series of movements, politics and ethics are making particular and irreducible contributions or contemporary emancipatory movements among and beyond other organizations. As transnational feminists goal is to identify how arguments and logic are networked they often shift as they move across geopolitical boundaries to reflect different ideas about labor, production and global citizenship. This relates to my org as they are considered a transnational feminist network, having greater understanding on their background and ideas of their context and concept will help me understand my organization exponentially better.

Sector

Women's empowerment: Women are often some of the most discriminated against globally. The goal of my organization is to convert the already in place ideologies of women to help transform and give women a space within the global sphere through women's empowerment and the articles I have chosen help explain the concepts and understandings of women's empowerment.

Katz

My org I believe coincides most with Micheal Katz persons explanation of poverty. As 4GGL’s research and advocacy gives insight into each young women’s voice by hearing out their needs and wants, it raises awareness to the poverty affecting each individual, and examines the poverty that is said to be ingrained within them. A large goal of the organization is to transform each of the girls individual suffering to becoming leaders and revolutionaries for women as a whole. This research understands the hard and soft explanations for persons of poverty among women, and works to transform it. 4GGL also helps address and tackle poverty issues within political economy and power. To begin with, my organization’s research helps tackle the poverty issue of political economy and market based by giving these girls and women a voice and completing research within their needs, wants, values, etc., it is allowing them to participate in a political economy by addressing these needs and advocating for them to be met. Moreover, a large aspect of the organization heavily relies to tackling another neglected issue of power poverty. As my organization works with the UN and numerous other powerful and influential organizations, this research strives to give power to the women and girls by advocating for them. Many of the poor and underprivileged girls do not have the power and ability to participate in things that bring needed and wanted change, however my organizations research brings light to this and provides research to other organizations to put forth the initiative and change needed for women and girls that lack power.

Fraser

My org relates to Fraser's article as there is numerous needs talk that is addressed within it. Moreover, the adolescent girls are also the group that qualifies to define the needs talk. Fraser emphasizes the importance of politics of needs interpretation rather than the satisfaction from certain needs being met. My org helps to accomplish this by addressing young girls needs rather then what needs are being satisfied. In this section he mentions in-order-to relations when solving need issues when thinking about solving the needs for adolescent women, for example if their needs are education and financial security, it is important to recognize any factors hindering those abilities rather than just solving them, which relates to the tension between subordinate and dominant groups comprehension of needs.

Key
Bold text = My planned additions

Regular text = Existing article

Area: Transnational Feminist Networks
Add: Historical understanding, definition, conceptualization, context and placement in articles if missing.

Within the "Globalization" section of article:

TFNs are similar to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) but while NGOs work at a local and national level, TFNs create coalitions across borders. Globalization affects women worldwide in adverse ways and TFNs emerged in response to these effects. Feminism is best understand as a global phenomenon as it is a product of transnational dialogues and disagreements.[3]

As mentioned by Myra Ferree and Aili Tripp

"Globalization has facilitated the emergence of feminism as a goal in a wide variety of issue advocacy at the transnational level" (Ferree & Tripp 12).

According to Johanna Brenner in her article Transnational Feminism and the Struggle for Global Justice:

“Economic insecurity and impoverishment, exposure to toxics, degradation of water, high infant and maternal mortality rates, forced migration, increased hours spent in paid and unpaid work are only some of the indicates (sic) of women’s burdens worldwide”

Brenner also states that

“[t]hird world governments are male-dominated, often inefficient, plagued by cronyism, and sometimes corrupt; and the pressures of structural adjustment programs imposed on them by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank have certainly aggravated these tendencies” (Brenner 78).

Programs like Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) are part of the package of globalization that is presented to other countries; and while such programs are portrayed as being valuable to improve the status of a country, they result in creating worse situations for the peoples of a country.

historical understanding, definition, conceptualization, context and placement.

Sector: Women's Empowerment
Hesitant on editing/contributing until better drafting is done. Potentially feed into debates on sector.

Methods section of article:

Scholars have identified a list the of most commonly used dimensions of women’s empowerment. '''Frameworks by various authors suggests that women’s empowerment can occur along the following dimensions: economic, socio-cultural, familial/interpersonal, legal, political, and psychological. ('''http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTGENDER/Resources/MalhotraSchulerBoender.pdf ) **If any of the editors have advice on how to site this in references please let me know!)

Economic

Socio-Cultural

'''The Socio-cultural empowerment of women can best be seen within women's freedom of movement in a society. This also is seen in lack of discrimination against daughters and maintaining the importance of education for daughters in a cultural society. For example, this relies on women’s recognition and access to social and public spaces, as well as other important abilities such as access to modern transportation, ways of participation and acceptance in familial groups and social networks and also the way women are symbolically represented in religion and rituals. Women's empowerment in socio-cultural understandings also expands out to women’s literacy rates, access and ability to chose educational options as well as positive media portrayals of women, their roles and contributions ('''http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTGENDER/Resources/MalhotraSchulerBoender.pdf ).

Familiar/Interpersonal

'''Familiar and interpersonal life can support or disable women's empowerment depending on the factors within women's household, community and wider arenas of life. Within the household women's empowerment in familial and interpersonal life can be noted within having control over spouse selection and marriage timing, familial and interpersonal life free of inflicted domestic violence, active participation in domestic decision-making, control over sexual relations, as well as the ability to make childbearing decisions and access to family planning and contraception. (http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTGENDER/Resources/MalhotraSchulerBoender.pdf ).'''

Legal

'''The legal empowerment of women is noted by scholars as the knowledge and awareness of legal rights as well as domestic and societal support for exercising rights. Legal empowerment for women often occurs by active community mobilization for awareness of rights, campaigns for rights, as well as effective enforcement of women's legal rights. (http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTGENDER/Resources/MalhotraSchulerBoender.pdf ).'''

Political

Psychological