User:Annbpk12124/sandbox

Testing formatting alongside Wikiedu tutorial.

Some ideas for T.R. Schellenberg's page
 * Definitely seems to be missing a lot of useful information (i.e. contributions to the field; importance to archival theory overall; debates he might have engaged in with other scholars; scholarship)
 * Article mentions things in the lead section that aren't elaborated/mentioned at all on the rest of the page (i.e. the specific publications and theories)
 * Could use some more citations/sources since there are only two cited
 * reframe section breaks to maybe Work with subcategories of Role at NARA, Schellenberg's Theory of the Archives, Debates, etc.
 * Flesh out the biography a bit more with early archival career, etc.
 * Added image

Notes: Draft:
 * "A Comparison of Jenkinson and Schellenberg on Appraisal," Reto Tschan: covers the approaches to appraisal between the two archivists, the legacies of each/implications for today's archival work.
 * SAA glossery definitions of primary and secondary value
 * "Et Tu Schellenberg: Thoughts on the Dagger of American Archival Theory," Frank Boles and Mark A. Greene
 * Reviewed Work: Modern Archives; Principles and Techniques by T. R. Schellenberg; Review by: Waldo Gifford Leland, The American Archivist, Vol. 19, No. 4 (Oct., 1956), pp. 325-327

INSERT: Role at National Archives
Schellenberg had a long career with the federal government working mostly in the National Archives, where he served as Director of Archival Management from 1950 to 1956. During this time he oversaw a massive reappraisal of documents to deaccession old records and enforced a methodology more selective in the appraisal of new records. Americans were created documents at an unprecedented rate during this time and the massive quantity of records coming into the archives was creating significant anxiety as archivists struggled to make European archival practices work in the changing nature of American records management. Experiencing this issue firsthand during his work at the National Archives, Schellenberg's pragmatic approach to archival theory was borne out of the practical need to adapt archival practices to working with the massive scale of the federal records climate.

Schellenberg on Appraisal
Schellenberg's major contribution to archival practice was to emphasize the centrality of appraisal in archival work, and to make selection a primary role of the archivist. To Schellenberg, a record has "primary value" to the creator as evidence of activities, but also has "secondary value" (i.e. evidential or informational value) to future users of the records outside of the originating agency, such as other agencies, historians, or private users. He argued the most efficient way to deal with the sheer volume of records that archives were dealing with at the time was to differentiate between a record's primary and secondary value and, thus, determine the relative value of the records based on the secondary value of the records. This differentiation was key for Schellenberg as he argued for a greater distinction between records and archives. In his definition, records only have current, primary value to their creators, but archives are records deemed to have significant secondary value by an archivist (i.e. meriting permanent preservation) outside of their original value to the record's creators. Consequently, records were under the purview of records managers, and only those records holding value for future users, particularly for future historical inquiry, not for the creator's uses, would become a part of the archives.

Legacy (touch on legacy as well as responses to his work)

 * His first publication, "European Archival Practices in Arranging Records" touched on the inability of European practices to adequately address the massive volume of American records, particularly since prior to the creation of the National Archives records were mismanaged or managed haphazardly. He also demonstrates his pragmatism as he warns against inflexibility in archival theory and principles that risks attempting to apply ill-fitting principles to contemporary archival practice.
 * Many archivists have challenged Schellenberg's approach to appraisal, particularly his emphasis on basing selection on historical scholarship. Jenkinson expressed concerns about the neutrality of archival materials which would be tainted by the motives of the archivist; further, he held the position that the archives should preserve, not destroy records. During the 1970s in America, archivists further argued that Schellenberg's approach risked a lack of neutrality in selection that would lead to focuses based on weak predictions of future use and the ever-shifting research interests of historians.
 * Contemporary archivists still draw on his ideas about judging the evidentiary and informational value of records, but apply these concepts to provenance and shift their focus from future use by historians to the record's value to society.