User:Anneyh/Notes/Paris Metro Handbook

Notes on

Chapter 4
__NOINDEX__
 * p. 34:unity of style in 1900. White tiles, station names on blue background, maroon bench seats and advertisements. Early experiments on tiles lead to the choice of bevelled (notable xception flat tiles at Porte Dauphine).
 * p. 35: Louvre overhead gridders (cut and cover method).
 * p. 36:75m=five cars. From 1928, 105 m (7 cars). 90m for 6 cars 1961-64 on lines 1, 1964-1967 on line 4 (table of stations lengths). Lighting=incandescent bulbs. Steel gridders. 1937 attempt to get better lightning (fluorescent).
 * p. 37:Nord-Sud company: Patterns on the roof, framed ad pannels, terminal station over tunnel mouths, rotunda of St Lazare. Station rebuilt as orinigal: Place de Clichy, Sevres Babylone. Cultural station of Liege.
 * p. 38:Closures, service during WWI, service reduced from 159 to 92 km during WWII.
 * p. 39:Post war. Changed standards but no budget. Fluorescent lightning deployed from 1950. Individual renovations: 1952 Franklinf D. Roosevelt, 1954 Opera, 1955 Chaussee d'Antin, 1956 Saint Paul. 1957: Franklin D. Roosevelt.
 * p. 40:1958 Republique (orange on old tiling) 1960-1965 panelling of 69 stations (cream). Lightning of ads, benchs. Less space on platform plus maintenance issues.
 * p. 41:1969 Mouton-Duvernet, tiles replaced by yellow-orange. Gloomy effect. Experimental styles: Odeon and Rennes, plaster, different colours.
 * p. 42:1973, recommendation to light the vaulted roof, keep white and bucket seating. Trials from 1974, choice of 6 colors (also used to paint overhead steel gridders). Known as "Motte-Andreu", 93 stations until 1983. White lightning. Stations built from 1970 with cut and cover = box. Mid 1980, repainting of 1960-65 cream into white. 1987, pilot at Stalingrad. "Oui-Dire"
 * p. 46:Landmark stations. Louvre 1968.
 * p. 50:Meteor.
 * p. 51:Stations for the New Millenium.
 * p. 52:Entrances. Charles Garnier "An object of beauty", project of 1886. Competition, traiditional designs,Adrien Bernard proposes Guimard. Forged iron balustrades. Buildings in Bastialle and Etoile.
 * p. 53:Critics of Guimard. 1904, Opera, Cassien Bernard. 87 remaining Guimard entrances, listed building since 1978. Dervaux style, Nord-Sud similar. Concrete pavilions to protect escalators. Modern entrances simple.