User:Anniecooney/User:Cmf316/Deaf Space

What is DeafSpace?
DeafSpace allows for clear communication between sign language users and fosters an environment that caters to the needs of the community. This is done through architecture such as the lighting, the amount of space, and the use of windows and open rooms. As a society, we need deaf spaces so that Deaf people can have access to communication without unnecessary barriers.

“DeafSpace design encourages the use of visual communication and enhances the overall Deaf experience for those inhabiting the architecture.” - Cromwell Architects Engineers

History of DeafSpace
The history of DeafSpace dates back to 1897, when a deaf architect, Olof Hanson designed a space at Gallaudet University, Dawes Hall, that fostered a signing centered environment with features such as natural lighting and open space.

Architects continued to take inspiration from Olof Hansom to create more spaces that are Deaf friendly, including architect Hansel Bauman, who helped to create a new building on campus named the Sorenson Language and Communication Center. Bauman had input from about 20 students and staff members to create an environment that would “create buildings and public areas that affirm the experience and culture of the deaf and hard-of-hearing.” Bauman was able to implement design features that foster easier and more accessible communication. On the Gallaudet website, there are multiple features listed that are used at the school such as a U-shaped classroom set up so that all students can see the signing as well as having colors that contrast most skin tones to make handshapes clearer. In addition, Galluette uses mirrors around the school so that students and staff have knowledge of what is going on within their surroundings while engaging in conversation. Other design features that are commonly used in DeafSpace include wide hallways with gentle curves to allow for undisrupted conversations, moving window blinds that can be adjusted for the best natural lighting and open spaces that allow for conversations from farther distances.

Five Principle Concepts
There are 5 basic principles of DeafSpace that help to make areas deaf and signing friendly.

Sensory Reach relates to spacial awareness. Deaf people are typically more attuned to their environment so that they can interpret what is going on around them. Sensory reach can include visual or physical cues such as vibration or flashing lights to get the attention of a deaf individual.

Space and Proximity relate to the amount of space that is needed for a signed conversation. Sign Language is a visual language, and therefore, requires more space than spoken languages would. The ability to see the complete signing space, along with facial expressions and body movements is an integral part of Deaf Space which is why larger spaces are more deaf-friendly.

Mobility and Proximity relate to the way that sign language users move while communicating with one another. During a conversation, there needs to be a decent amount of space between signers so that the entirety of the signing space can be seen. In addition, there also needs to be enough space to notice and register any obstacles while engaging in a conversation while moving. This can be done with wide hallways with gentle curves.

Light and Color relate to how sign language is received. For example, background colors that contrast the hands allow for the sign language to stand out and be easily understood as well as lighting that allows for the conversation to be seen. Flashing lights, dark spaces, and colorful lights can be distracting to the signers and take the attention away from the conversation.

Acoustics relates to the way that hearing aids and cochlear implants interact with sound. Background noise can affect the way that hearing devices work and can cause a variety of issues for the user. For a space to be deaf-friendly, the background noise that may interfere with hearing devices should be eliminated.