User:Antiqueight/Tools

=Tools Page= This page is a mess and needs lots of work to be coherent

Special:MergeItems

Tools
Library and research access


 * How to say thanks - or use this
 * Add a photo
 * Deletionism
 * Pages needing attention
 * freely licenced
 * Getting access to newspapers etc
 * upload file here
 * Articles needing attention
 * Putting a woman into a parent category as well
 * Tag templates
 * Cleanup
 * Notability
 * image copyright information page
 * Primer for creating women’s biographies
 * File Upload Wizard
 * Lists of common misspellings
 * Help:Wiki markup
 * Maintenance
 * Text copyvio
 * Copyvio checking tool
 * Character counter for DYK hooks
 * Turn a google book link into a citation
 * Colour map
 * Antiqueight's Contributions
 * ping all admins at once on help.. # wikipedia-en, using bangadmin (!admin)
 * This tells what occupations need the most work to get up to average....
 * Article assessment tool
 * User:Cumbril/Reference Organizer
 * Zotero
 * https://tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/
 * https://tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/quick_counter.php?user=Antiqueight&project=en.wikipedia quick counter
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Sole_Soul  See tools
 * http://toolserver.org/~bjelleklang/linkchecker/ This tool can check the external links in an article to find dead ones.
 * http://toolserver.org/~dispenser/cgi-bin/webchecklinks.py Same
 * http://toolserver.org/~dispenser/view/Main_Page
 * http://toolserver.org/~dispenser/cgi-bin/reflinks.py
 * http://toolserver.org/~erwin85/
 * http://toolserver.org/~erwin85/contribs.php contribs shows the contributions for multiple users.
 * http://toolserver.org/isbn/IsbnCheckAndFormat
 * http://toolserver.org/~jarry/infoboxchecker/index.php Infobox Existence Checker
 * http://toolserver.org/~jason/deadend_pages.php Untagged Deadend Pages
 * http://toolserver.org/~dpl/cat/uncategorized_articles.php?templateFilter=&limit=50&offset=0 Uncategorized Articles
 * http://toolserver.org/~dpl/cat/untagged_uncats.php?limit=50&offset=0 Untagged Uncategorized Articles
 * http://toolserver.org/~magnus/
 * https://toolserver.org/~magnus/index.html
 * https://toolserver.org/~magnus/persondata.php Persondata generator
 * http://tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/prepbio.php
 * http://toolserver.org/~merl/UserPages/query.php?user=Antiqueight
 * http://toolserver.org/~nikola/articlesby.php
 * http://toolserver.org/~schutz/output/brokenredirects.html
 * http://toolserver.org/~schutz/output/shortpages.html
 * http://tools.wmflabs.org//tb-dev/RLRL/index.php? Red Link Recovery Live
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Category:BLP_articles_proposed_for_deletion
 * http://tools.wmflabs.org/wiki-todo/ Checks random pages on Wikipedia for stuff to do. Like you don't have enough work already...
 * User:John_Cummings/sandbox an interesting layout for Sandbox

Patrol tools

 * Ways to deal with incomplete articles that may have value ->XX moved page YY to User:ZZ/sandbox: Test page not ready for publication
 * 500 recent changes
 * New page patrol
 * New user edits
 * New user accounts
 * Linksearch
 * Sortable article history
 * Plagarism checker
 * Edit summary search
 * Userspace spam filter log
 * Interaction analyzer
 * Stalker
 * Article spam filter log 149
 * Article spam filter log 354
 * Large blocks
 * Suspected copyright violations
 * Userspace Spamsearch
 * Speedy criteria
 * User templates
 * All multi-level templates
 * Text copyvio
 * Image copyvio
 * Duplication detector
 * User stalk
 * Block request
 * Protection request
 * Huggle/Feedback
 * Igloo
 * Manual of Style/Ireland-related articles
 * Page Curation
 * STiki
 * Tools
 * Wikipedia Signpost/Templates/Issue
 * http://tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/quick_counter.php?user=Antiqueight&project=en.wikipedia
 * General Wikistats
 * Total Wikibytes
 * Total page counts
 * RfA/RfB Toolbox
 * Page hits classic
 * Page hits new
 * Watcher

Meet up prep

 * Meetup/Cork/December 2019
 * Geonotice
 * Ask User:Smirkybec to set up meet up and facebook.

Userboxes
WP:MOSTEDITS

How to do collapsing texts
<font color="


 * 1) Space
 * 2) Space
 * 3) Space

OR

Finding sources


Use excel to generate the list of source links... Put name in A1 then

=CONCATENATE("(")

Article assessment: ORES
User:Fuzheado/ORES experiment. It sounds like it would be wonderful for use in teaching at an edit-a-thon. I'll suggest would the the best person to ask about any details. Smallbones( smalltalk ) 17:22, 3 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Could I use that to set the first assessment of my own articles? I typically set most to stub and let someone else assess..but this took suggests at least 1 (the one I tried it on) could be a C class...Or would it be inappropriate?  &#9749;  Antiqueight  chatter 18:34, 3 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Short answer - it's not totally inappropriate, but there should be some system set up for each project to do this. IMHO the classification system has not worked very well for 2 reasons
 * It's used only once (or never) for the vast majority of articles. It needs to be used more often to see how articles improve
 * Very inconsistent or biased grading
 * That pretty much makes it useless for most of the things I do!
 * So I suggest that a system should be set up for each project that uses it.
 * 1st a rubric or grading system set up to concretely explain what the article class means
 * 2nd a consistent way to reclassify an article.
 * At WP:NRHP there is an easy way to ask for a reclassification. Just remove the class and in a few days it comes up on a list, linked to the project to-do list that says "these articles need a class"
 * ORES probably would help with the "concrete" part of the rubric. As I see ORES, it shows how many "tools" have been used to make the article.  Does it have enough text, enough footnotes, sections, internal and external links, photos, etc. to come up to the average number of tools for that class.  Obviously people need to get involved in the actual grading, but ORES, if used right should be a major help.  Sorry this was so long!  Smallbones( smalltalk ) 19:27, 3 March 2016 (UTC)

DYK help
<font color=" How to Review : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:SusunW/Archive_16#Randy_W._Berry

SusunW (talk)

You are limited to 200 characters in the hook. I use this tool:
 * It has to be neutral, so avoid "flowery" descriptions. IMO, first hook would be better worded as:
 * ...that the students at the Royal College of Surgeons protested at being asked questions on midwifery by Emily Winifred Dickson even though she was the college's first female Fellow?
 * ALT1 ... that one of her professors accused Emily Winifred Dickson of cheating, as he allowed her into his course believing Winifred to be a man's name?


 * On the other one, try:
 * ... that Mary Ryan earned her BA from the Royal University of Ireland and graduated, though rules forbade her attending classes there? or
 * ... that Mary Ryan, first woman professor in either Ireland or Britain, was forbidden to sit in lectures, but graduated after passing the Royal University of Ireland's BA examinations?


 * list them, if you want on the chart so that others will know they need reviews.
 * When you have a minute can you check the DYK I just created and that I put it up on that list correctly? Template:Did you know nominations/Mary Ryan (academic) and chart.

Looks great. I made 2 minor tweaks. Just show the name, not the (academic) part in the nomination. And I put on the nomination that a QPQ is not required as it is your 2nd nomination. You are allowed 5 without having to do a QPQ. On the chart it looks great. Now, go to the main page of DYK Template talk:Did you know click on the day the file was created (March 7th) and copy the template Did you know nominations/Mary Ryan (academic) to the top of that day and save.

<font color="


 * DYK check to count the characters in DYK.
 * copyvio tool to confirm that there are no copyvios. (it doesn't work on books or pdfs)
 * char counter to check hook lengths
 * QPQ activity to confirm if the editor has to provide a QPQ

Bias
First step with working with a site that collects articles like this one is to do a search on each source. "source name" AND "credibility" is an excellent way to start. See what other authorities in relevant areas think of them.

To support an argument or a point successfully, ones needs unbiased sources, or they are just utilizing sources that agree with them and that is rather useless when one is trying to make a point. To successfully support a point of view or idea one needs to utilize unbiased information.

To establish bias, or lack there of, one needs to again, research the author. Look at how the material is written- are they presenting information or are they using language mean't to sway a reader to a particular point of view?

There are some excellent resources available for examining bias. These are a good place to start
 * http://diy.library.oregonstate.edu/identifying-and-analyzing-bias-academic-research-process
 * http://ergo.slv.vic.gov.au/.../select.../identify-bias
 * http://webs.anokaramsey.edu/wrobel/1121/Course%20Materials/Web%20Lectures/evaluating_sources_for_credibili.htm
 * http://diy.library.oregonstate.edu/identifying-and-analyzing-bias-academic-research-process

AfD
<font color=" In theory, seven days. If there's a real snowfall, it can be sooner - more likely for Keep than Delete. Known as Speedy Keep. Conversely, if some horrid person like me comes along and sees a speedy tag as well as the AfD, there mightn't be an article to discuss on the first day... AfDs can be relisted, usually because there's no-one voting, or because it's too close to call (but a no consensus looks undesirable). No, if you really think something's not notable, stick to your guns (and check for SPAs and socks...), but if Colonel Warden or Uncle G turn up throwing refs around, back down gracefully. You won't beat them. If unsure, it's best to say so at the start. I do that, or word the nom very neutrally. If you do change your mind (and don't be afraid to), be honest. It gains more respect than flogging an obviously dying horse. This isn't WP policy. This is Peridon's opinion. I once voted delete, keep and possibly even neutral in one AfD (obviously not at the same time). That was because fresh evidence turned up, and almost all the deletes turned into keeps, and the keeps became rapid deletes. That was fun. I'll try and find the link if you like. Peridon (talk) 8:51 pm, Today (UTC+0)

Media copyright questions
<font color=" http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/use-this-image.php?mkey=mw192360 is a photo of Mary Catherine (née Sackville-West), Countess of Derby which has a Creative Commons licence but I don't know if that means it can be used on wikipedia. Is there someone who can read the page and let me know if I can upload a copy for the article on the subject or not? Plz help...  &#127866;  Antiqueight  chat 22:58, 7 February 2016 (UTC)
 * Copyright on a photo
 * No, this is not compaitible as it is non-commercial and no-derivatives. We require a freer CC licnse than that. However the original image is very likely public domain in the USA, and usable. Also see National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute. Graeme Bartlett (talk) 00:29, 8 February 2016 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I kinda thought that was likely the case but I wasn't sure. I'll take another look around at other locations for images for this article.   &#127866;  Antiqueight  chat 21:37, 8 February 2016 (UTC)

Put your image on your desktop or some other convenient place, then choose "Click here to start the upload form." On the next page, fill in all the blanks, upload your file, and then choose "This is a free work." Finally, choose on the succeeding page "This file is entirely my own work," and tell how and why you took the photo. Leave the Creative Commons attribution the way it is. Fill in your real name or your WP name if you want attribution. Don't bother to upload to Commons because it involves an extra step and is not as user-friendly. At the end of all this you will be greeted by a page that actually gives you a model line for you to copy and insert into any WP article, on the edit page. Very simple. GeorgeLouis (talk) 05:56, 15 October 2013 (UTC)
 * upload a photo

=Personal notes=

Pages I want to remember

 * Book from childhood Dragonfall 5
 * and another set written by Hugh Walters (author)
 * Writers I get mixed up - Katharine Kerr and Katherine Kurtz

Love, loss and what I wore
The cast I saw was September 1 – October 3, 2010 =Over and done or hopeless=

Probably never actually get to
By 1895 there were five women's colleges. Those without pages are:
 * women's colleges
 * Dominican College, Eccles Street, Dublin (1885), later transferred to Merrion Square (1893) where it was called St. Mary's University College, Dublin
 * Loreto College, Dublin - St. Stephen's Green, Dublin (1894).
 * Elizabeth Brennan - No information other than book list so not going to write this one.
 * Joy Martin limited notability on google search:
 * Notes:
 * Gonzalez
 * The attic guide to Irish Women writers
 * Bio
 * PDF1
 * PDF2


 * E. Connor<No info at all Gothic writer
 * " A young lady" ...multiple authors

Marianne Kenley
 * Marianne Kenley

The Cottage of the Appenines, Or, The Castle of Novina: A Romance in Four Volumes Dedicated, by Permission, to the Most Noble the Marchioness of Donegall Author:Marianne Kenley Publisher:Printed at the public printing office, 1806

dead by 1820 for sure. possibly not older than 22.The Poetical Works of Robert Anderson, Author of "Cumberland Ballads", &c: To which is Prefixed the Life of the Author, Written by Himself : An Essay on the Character, Manners, and Customs of the Peasantry of Cumberland; and Observations on the Style and Genius of the Author, by Thomas Sanderson, Volume 1 Robert Anderson, Thomas Sanderson B. Scott ... sold also by all other booksellers, 1820 - Cumberland (England) - 278 pages

If 21 when dead in 1818 then she was born 1797. which makes her 16 in 1813 which is too late. so- 16 in 1806 means born 1790 and dead 1811. 4 years before publication means born 1786 would mean dead 1807/8 (a year after publication)

regularly published in periodicals of the day -> Visits of the Muse, or, A leisure hour James Russell ENGLISH Henry Lanktree, 1830 - 106 pages

M. Kenley, The Cottage of the Appenines or the Castle of Novina (Belfast) :https://www.romtext.org.uk/articles/cc10_n02/ The Publication of Irish Novels and Novelettes, 1750–1829 A Footnote on Irish Gothic Fiction Rolf Loeber and Magda Stouthamer-Loeber

Belfast (?1770=1818) Marianne Munster? nee kenley - published aged 16 Literary Networks and Dissenting Print Culture in Romantic-Period Ireland Jennifer Orr Palgrave Macmillan, 21 Aug 2015 - History - 298 pages

The cottage of the Appenines [sic], or, The castle of Novina [microform] : A romance. In four volumes. Dedicated, by permission, to the Most Noble the Marchioness of Donegall RESPONSIBILITY By Marianne Kenley. LANGUAGE English. IMPRINT Belfast : printed at the Public Printing-Office, 1806. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION 4 v. ; 12. SERIES Nineteenth Century: Women Writers Collection ; Pos: Fiche N.5.1.4173.

Author Details KENLEY Marianne Go to Biography The cottage of the Appenines or the castle of KENLEY Marianne b c 1780 possibly in Ulster Romantic novelist who according to the preface was not yet seventeen when she wrote the following her first novel Four years elapsed between the date of the preface and publication Source RL K90 The cottage of the Appenines or the castle of Novina A romance Marianne Kenley dedicated to the marchioness of Donegall Belfast Printed for the author at the Public Printing Office 1806 4 vols in 2 Source British Fiction Garside 1806 39 Location L InND Loeber coll COMMENTARY This Gothic story is set in the Apennines and recounts the maltreatment of two generations of women of noble birth at the hands of their relatives Part of the story takes place in a rustic farmhouse and the other part in the ancestral baronial castle which has the usual dungeons and remote towers to serve as prisons The greed of the male relatives is such that they try to force the women into marriages with unsuitable husbands against their wills Eventually all the good people find love and happiness and the bad characters die or reform ML Search http://www.lgif.ie/authorDetails.action?authorId=1017 (2013-05-10)

https://books.google.ie/books?id=xq-hCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=thomson+circle+poet&source=bl&ots=Z3Wx4WYjZX&sig=-Ja2TaYYSBltcLGycdWRrxBvYQI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiv9aTgmIrLAhXQA44KHeZPDCgQ6AEIKTAD#v=onepage&q=kenley&f=false

https://books.google.ie/books?id=xq-hCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA214&lpg=PA214&dq=%22maria+of+the+cottage%22&source=bl&ots=Z3Wx4WWfWQ&sig=3EsMqURLMFmo6Wx-3KdMc1I9OUc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifvqDWj4rLAhVLGo4KHZ19BzwQ6AEIJjAC#v=onepage&q=%22maria%20of%20the%20cottage%22&f=false Tamary Elizabeth Hurrell
 * Tamary Elizabeth Hurrell

https://books.google.ie/books?id=JKkG15qGMrkC&pg=PA261&lpg=PA261&dq=Tamary+Elizabeth+Hurrell&source=bl&ots=WWrAGjszBR&sig=tL6SRdkWDco9dwXL8QznD3b_Yn8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJ6YHe84zLAhUDB44KHcilDa8Q6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=Tamary%20Elizabeth%20Hurrell&f=false

Daughter of william pritchard and hannah vaughn pritchard in 1738 Married about 1769 Allen/Alan Hurrell(http://www.twickenham-museum.org.uk/house-details.php?houseid=115&categoryid=1)Ragman's Castle, LAWN COTTAGE, Riverside, Twickenham. Son born sept 1779. Note she inherited the house from her mother..1768 Judith Spilsbury, Tamara Hurrell & Hannah Lloyd, by inheritance from Hannah Pritchard - 1755 William Pritchard (d1763); Hannah Pritchard (1711-68)

Tales of imagination : on moral and interesting subjects: containing The druid. The mandarin. The highlander. The hottentot. The Swiss miner. The Venetian.

Dublin : printed for R. White, 1790. With half title. Dedication to Lady Caroline Paget signed: Tamary Eliz. Hurrell. Physical description: xi,[3],225,[1]p. ; 12mo. http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000264963 and Tales of Imagination, on Moral and Interesting Subjects: Containing, The Druid, The Mandarin, The Highlander, The Hottentot, the Swiss Miner, The Venetian Publisher Printed at the Logographic Press; and sold by J. Walter No. 169, Piccadilly, 1790 Length 236 pages

The Critical Review, Or, Annals of Literature, Volume 70 https://books.google.ie/books?id=mINHAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA220&lpg=PA220&dq=tales+of+imagination+on+moral+and+interesting+subjects&source=bl&ots=vziGwXa1Ui&sig=DKLxNGdfgALPO9jf596V3_nfgnE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_gfOi9YzLAhVJWSwKHUmRDCEQ6AEIJzAD#v=onepage&q=tales%20of%20imagination%20on%20moral%20and%20interesting%20subjects&f=false

ANONYMOUS. Tales of imagination; On Moral and interesting subjects: Containing, The druid. The mandarin. The highlanders. / The hottentot. The Swiss miner. The Venetian. In two volumes. Vol. II. [only] Printed at the Logographic Press; And sold by J. Walter No.169, Piccadilly, 1790.12mo; half-title present (giving the price as six shillings); [ ]2, A-I12, K6, L4(?); pp.[iv]+236; publisher's half red roan, marbled sides, ruled, tooled, and lettered gilt on spine; a.e. burnished brown. Roan slightly worn at extremities of spine, and corners; two small chips and a short tear in margins of last leaf, not approaching text, repaired with matching paper; otherwise a nice copy.

Complete in itself, though only the last three of the tales mentioned on the title-page are found in this volume. An apparently unrecorded title, at least not in Halkett & Laing, Block, Summers, the British Library Catalogue, or NUC.

=Old details of WiR=

Ethosheia Hylton (born c. 1983), notability

Biography
Ethosheia Hylton grew up in Brixton. She finished school at eighteen and spent a number of years working as a flight attendant with British Airways. She went on to become an actor, completing her studies with The American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York in 2003 before becoming a film director. In 2018 she was the winner of the first Academy Gold Fellowship for Women grant which, apart from the award and the evening of celebration with some significant names from film, included a prize of £20,000 and year-long mentorship from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The BBC is now making a feature length version of her film Brixton Rock which is based on the novel by Alex Wheatle.

Irish women's awards 2020
Winners are revealed for the 2nd Irish Women’s Awards 2020

Inspiring women were awarded at a glamorous event celebrating Irish female success. It took place at the Blanchardstown Crowne Plaza Hotel in Dublin on 29th January 2020. The Awards honoured the talent and hard work of female professionals and entrepreneurs across the region. It celebrated the achievements of women entrepreneurs, business women, professionals, civil servants, charity workers and others that make Ireland a great and more equal place to live and work. Creative Oceanic has delivered award ceremonies for a decade in cities across the world and launched recently in New York. Campaigns include the Irish Wedding Awards, the Food Awards Ireland and the Irish Hair and Beauty Awards. The Women’s Awards currently take place in Glasgow, Manchester, Birmingham, London, Cardiff, Dublin and Belfast.

CEO Irfan Younis said: “Congratulations to all winners and finalists at the 2nd Irish Women’s Awards 2020. We were delighted to host exceptional finalists who make brilliant role models and are leading a new generation of women and girls to greater success and more open doors. We look forward to growing this campaign and are excited to see it how it evolves over coming years.”


 * Contribution to Arts & Culture: Niamh O’Sullivan – Ireland’s Great Hunger Museum (Dublin)
 * Services to Accounting & Finance: Mairéad Divilly – Mazars (Dublin)
 * Business Woman of the Year: Leonora O’Brien – Pharmapod (Dublin)
 * Beauty Entrepreneur of the Year: Libby Murray – Elysian Brows (Dublin)
 * Business Woman of the Year (less than 50 staff): Fiona Heaney Fee G fashion Brand (Dublin)
 * Corporate Leader of the Year: Jeanne Kelly – LK Shields Solicitors (Dublin)
 * Contribution to Civil Service: Berni Smyth – Irish Refugee Council (Dublin)
 * Creative Industries Leader of the Year: Gillian Blaney Shorte – Artzone (Rathfarnham)
 * Services to Charity / Third Sector: Caoimhe de Barra – Trócaire (Maynooth)
 * Food Entrepreneur of the Year: Krissy Gibson – Take the Cake (Dublin)
 * CEO of the Year: Niamh Muldoon – Veterinary Council of Ireland (Dublin)
 * Entrepreneur of the Year: Ciara Donlon – THEYA Healthcare (Dublin)
 * Services to Education: Orla Hegarty – University College Dublin (Dublin)
 * Young Entrepreneur of the Year: Onagh O’Driscoll/Shane Somers – Platinum Human Hair Limited (Dublin)
 * Services to Law: Barbara Kenny – William Fry (Dublin)
 * Services to Medicine: Mary Favier – Start Ireland (Dublin)
 * Best Professional in Business: Michelle Lynch Power – The Hearing Clinic (Wicklow)
 * Rising Star of the Year: Noelle Long – Maxi Zoo Ireland (Cork)
 * Services to Sport: Stephanie Cotter – Athletics Ireland (Dublin)
 * Small Business of the Year: Jo Harpur Jewellery (Dublin)
 * Woman of the Year: Suzanne McClean – Rosabel’s Rooms (Galway)
 * Social Leader of the Year: Lisa Toner – Ettch (Dublin)
 * Managing Director of the Year: Catherine Lonergan – Eir Ireland – (Dublin)
 * Woman of Influence: Cara Augustenborg – President of Ireland Council State (Dublin)
 * Women Support Group of the Year: i-Smile Ireland (Dublin)

Done but with bits left over
Mostly finished

1st nine to graduate
The first young woman to enter Trinity was Isabel Marion Weir Johnston in January 1904 and Ellen Tuckey (Ellen Marguerite Tuckey) and Averina Shegog followed her later that year. Around forty women students entered in Michaelmas term 1904. note: marion elisabeth duggan https://books.google.ie/books?id=SHwFOXAhIe8C&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Averina+Shegog&source=bl&ots=yUR-mLZe7k&sig=gbyjQDGHEdSFAd8kZgdOomaDxYA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjm-t_3kvHLAhXJVRQKHcApCH8Q6AEILzAE#v=onepage&q=Averina%20Shegog&f=false Brigid (Foley) Martin, Maireád Ní Cheallaigh (sister of president Sean T O’Kelly), Eily O’Hanrahan O’Reilly (sister of Michael O’Hanrahan) details , and Catherine (Byrne) Rooney. At Home in the Revolution: what women said and did in 1916, to be published by the Royal Irish Academy. JEFF WILSON
 * Avarina Shegog Avarina Hemphill Shegog-daughter of the Church of Ireland rector of Skerries. Married Etienne Jean MALHERBE 13 Nov 1915 in the Cape of Good Hope Cathedral of St. George Anglican. Living in UK/England by 1922 until 1927 at least. was in college at the same time as brothers.Died 1953 Age 68
 * 1) family
 * 2) Census 1911, lists her as Teacher BA TCD
 * 3) Baptism record
 * 4) birth record
 * 5) 1901 census - where are parents??
 * 6) 1901 census for parents next door??
 * 7) entrance exam result 1903
 * 8) results 1905
 * 9) 1905?
 * 10) graduation
 * 11) senior exhibitor
 * 12) results 1906
 * 13) results 1906??
 * 14) all
 * 15) died in 1953 in Surrey?
 * 1) results 1906??
 * 2) all
 * 3) died in 1953 in Surrey?
 * Olive Purser, Women in Dublin University 1904-1954 (Dublin, 1954).

Miss Agnes G. Murphy, a member of the Council of Women journalists, England, a writer attached to the staffs of the "Pall Mall Gazette" and "M.A.P.," and also special London correspondent for the Australasian,
 * Agnes G. Murphy


 * August 1889 Table Talk (Melbourne)  Fri 23 Aug 1889  Page 4  Art and Artists.

Another interesting visitor was Miss Agnes Murphy, who is now very much engrossed in rivalling Miss Alice C'ornwell by her speculations on the Melbourne Bourse, Miss Murphy is considered to have amassed a fortune by successful " dips," and evidently can afford to dispense with the friendship of some of the leaders of society by spicy accounts in her weekly letter of their harmless eccentricities of manner. Wo would offer Miss Murphy Punch's advice to those about to marry—" Don't " —do it in future, as it will lead to serious trouble. With Miss Murphy was a bright-eyed pretty girl, Miss Moore, one of the ladies on the Herald staff.


 * Newspapers: Table Talk (Melbourne, Vic. : 1885 - 1939) Fri 20 Dec 1889  Page 4  The Screw or the Banks.

Miss Agnes Murphy, the well-known Melbourne lady journalist, who is making her fortune out of the silver boom, has a cousin of the same name in New York who can give her, several points. The American Miss Agnes Murphy is only twenty years of age, and is carrying on a successful real estate business in New York, and has been proposed and accepted as a member of the New York Real Estate Exchange.

Extraordinary
 * Freydis Sharland


 * Elizabeth Willoughby Varian (née Treacy) 1821–1851–1896 was a poet and nationalist. Born in Ballymena, Co. Antrim of a unionist family, she published ...


 * Georgina Frost From Clare - 1920 first to hold public office Clerk of the petty sessions


 * Ospedale della Pietà

The Figlie del Coro was an all-women's orchestra in Venice in the 1700s. They were a phenomenon for about 100 years. Some of the players became celebrities across Europe, including an Anna Maria del Pieta, for whom Vivaldi bought a violin that cost him three months' income. Vivaldi wrote for the Figlie - including a whole notebook of compositions for her. But he apparently wrote extensively for the group as a whole (Haydn also wrote for them). Both Anna Maria and her successor, Chiara della Pieta, were hailed as the greatest violinists in Europe. One of them, Maddalena della Pieta, married and left the group, but toured as a soloist, and was sufficiently famous that she was covered by gossip writers. You'll notice the surnames. They were all from an orphanage, and the group began as a way to attract more people to Mass at the church that helped to support the orphanage. The group played behind a screen, lit from behind: the women were not necessarily pretty: they were not necessarily young (many of the orphans stayed their whole lives, working in and to support the orphanage) and a common source of unwanted babies was Venice's population of prostitutes, so many of the girls were born with diseases that did their looks no favors. So they used screens, and audiences raved about the hidden angels. The orphanage was trashed by Napoleon's troops in 1797. In 1997, the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC displayed a famous 18th Century painting of women, dressed in black, giving a concert from a balcony above the audience, the orchestra went unidentified.


 * Jane Hawkins - http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/Middlesex_County_UK/2004-12/1104280790 - 1881 - Chelsea - still unmarried and working as a fine art artist


 * Elizabeth Bloxham

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From Westport, daughter of an RIC man-Bloxham, Elizabeth, 1877-1962 http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Mayo/Westport_Urban/Westport_Demesne/1608146/ Born around 1878 She had at least 1 sister who married a Seales. Something happens so that the boy is staying with the grandparents during the census..But he was born in dublin. Parents :John and Bridget Bloxham

Elizabeth Bloxham – the Quiet Revolutionary

There were 43 affiliated branches before the Rising. In April 1916 Countess Markievicz was president and Sorcha MacMahon was secretary. Leaders included Elizabeth Bloxham, Winifred Carney, Áine Ceannt, Kathleen Clarke (president of the central branch), Nora Connolly (O’Brien), Margaret Dobbs, Louise Gavan-Duffy, Mrs Duffy Edwards, Agnes MacNeill, Una O’Brien, Nancy O’Rahilly, Niamh Plunkett, Jennie Wyse-Power and Maire Tuohy. : http://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/cumann-na-mban-by-joseph-e-a-connell-jr/

Searchable version of her witness statement: http://cultura-project.eu/1916/?q=artefact/WS0632

http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000170503

http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/5146/1/Ann_Matthews_20140625115113.pdf Elizabeth Bloxham was appointed as a national organiser for Cumann na mBan. She was a teacher and spent her holidays travelling around Ireland starting branches. It states her appointment as organiser was due to her background as a public speaker at literary and suffragette meetings. She was pro-treaty (or at least anti more war)

Several entries in Irish Nationalist Women, 1900-1918, Senia Pašeta, Cambridge University Press, 5 Dec 2013 - History - 306 pages NLI entries

http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000089895 :her "A call to irish women"

https://stairnaheireann.wordpress.com/tag/elizabeth-bloxham/ The first provisional committee of Cumann na mBan included Agnes MacNeill, Nancy O’Rahilly, Mary Colum, Jenny Wyse Power, Louise Gavan Duffy and Elizabeth Bloxham.

Reproduction of the text of a letter from Cumann na mBan addressed to the President and the Houses of Congress of the United States of America requesting support in the recognition of political independence of Ireland in the form of an Irish Republic; with the signatures of Constance Markievicz, Nannie O'Rahilly, Mary Ryan, Elizabeth Bloxham, Kathlin [Kathleen] Clark, Annie Kent [Aine Ceannt], Louise Gavan Duffy, Niam Plunkett, Jennie Wyse Power, Mary S. Walsh. In her own words :http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS0632.pdf Letters:http://letters.nialloleary.ie/index.php?letters_function=4&letters_idno=680806 -http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000588166

WHAI Dr Mary McAuliffe (UCD):http://www.decadeofcentenaries.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Mary-McAuliffe-Cumann-na-mBan-Glasnevin-speech-.pdf Another was Elizabeth Bloxham, who had been involved in suffrage and nationalist activity before her involvement in Cumann na mBan. Indeed, Arthur Griffith published  some  of  her writings in  the Sinn Féin  newspaper. Women’s History Association of Ireland -Annual Conference 25-26 May 2012

Hosted by the Department of Irish Studies, Mater Dei Institute of Education (a college of Dublin City University) Programme Friday 25 May

Gerri O’Neill (MDI, DCU)

Elizabeth Bloxham – the Quiet Revolutionary

For information on registration and on the conference dinner on Saturday 26th May, contact Dr Leeann Lane/Dr Mary McAuliffe at whai@materdei.dcu.ie or see the WHAI website at www.whai.ie

RTE http://www.rte.ie/radio1/the-history-show/programmes/2014/0330/604446-the-history-show-sunday-30-march-2014/?clipid=1518346#1518346 On 2 April 1914, an estimated 100 woman met at Wynn’s Hotel where, four and a half months previous, a meeting had been held to inaugurate the Irish Volunteers. The object of the meeting on 2 April was to found an organisation called Cumann na mBan/the Irish Women’s Council. Among those present were Agnes O’Farrelly, Jenny Wyse Power, Margaret Dobbs, Louise Gavan Duffy, Mary Colum, Mrs Bridget Dudley Edwards, Mary Kettle, Elizabeth Bloxham, and Elizabeth Somers. Officially, Cumann na mBan was an auxiliary to the male-only Irish volunteers.

grave Elizabeth Bloxham Birth:1877 Death: Jan. 23, 1962 Burial: Saint Andrew Cemetery Malahide County Dublin, Ireland


 * Eithne Strong

Thank you for your message. I think that your article needs to be more scholary in terms of refering to criticism, references, interviews and external links. I am attaching some additonal information on theses areas so that you can abstract  what you consider useful. Please contact me if you require clarification.

Other Writings


 * "Mullaghareirk: Aspects in Perspective". Author writes about her youth in Eire-Ireland 28, no. 4 (Winter 1993):pp. 32-5
 * ' Thomas Mann Country ' in Poetry Ireland Review, ed. Michael O'Siadhail[12]


 * Translation[edit]
 * Padraic O Conaire, " Tetrach of Galiee". Translated by Eithne Strong. In the finest Stories of Padraic O Conaire. Dublin: Poolbeg. 1982, 35-42.Translation


 * Criticism[edit]
 * Bertram, Vicki. ed. Kicking Daffodils: Twentieth Century Women Poets. Smyth, Ailbhe .Dodging Around the Grand Piano: Sex, Politics and Contemporary Irish Women's Poetry. Edinburgh University Press, 1997. 56-83.
 * Clifton, Harry. 'Available Air: The Role of Women in Contemporary Irish Poetry 1975-1985. Krino, No. 7, 1989, pp. 20-30.
 * Colum, Padraic. Introduction to Songs of Living, Dublin: Runa, 1961, 7 -8.
 * Consalvo, Deborah Mcwilliams. Review of the Love Riddle. Irish Studies Review 4, no. 3 (January 19196) 52-53.
 * Haberstroh, Patricia Boyle. "Eithne Strong" in Women Creating Women: Contemporary Irish Women Poets. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2001.
 * Haberstroh, Patricia Boyle. ed. My Self, My Muse: Irish Women Poets Reflect on Life and Art. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2001.
 * Heininger, Joseph, ' Eithne Strong' in Gonzalez Alexander, (ed.) Irish women Writers: an A to Z Guide, Greenwood, 2006, pp. 303-8.
 * O'Donnell, Mary. "Introduction". In Spatial Nosing: New and Selected Poems. Galway: Salmon, 1993.
 * McWilliams, Deborah H. ' Eithne Strong ' in Gonzalez, Alexander (ed). Modern Irish Writers A Critical Sourcebook, Aldwych Press, London, 1997, pp. 390-93.
 * Smyth, Ailbhe. ed.Wildish Things: An Anthology of New Irish Women's Writing. Attic, 1989, 1990.
 * Terente, Ines Praga. A Voice of Their Own? The Role of Women in Contemporary Irish Poetry[. Universidad de Valladolid Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses 5 (1992): 131-41.


 * Further Reading
 * Review of Women Creating Women: Contemporary Irish Women Poets by Patricia Boyle Haberstroh. Review by Roz Cowman in The Poetry Ireland Review, No 52 ( Spring, 1997) , pp. 107 - 110; published by Poetry Ireland.
 * Review of 'My Darling Neighbour' by Eithne Strong in 'The Non-Aligned Storyteller ' by Thomas McCarthy in Irish University Review, Vol 15, No. 2, Autumn 1985 , 10 pages.
 * Poetry in the Archive: Reflections of a Former Archivist on the Manuscripts of Twentieth-century Irish Poets in the National Library of Ireland by Eilis Ni Duibhne in Irish University Review, Vol. 43, Issue1, May 2012. Describes process of acquiring one poetry archive, that of Eithne Strong . Available on-line.
 * Mary Maher in The Irish Times on Patrick Kavanagh and Eithne Strong, 1980.
 * John Feeney in The Irish Press: ' Eithne Gets to Grip with Sin ' 1980.
 * Brady, Anne M. and Cleeve, Brian. eds. A Biographical Dictionary of irish Writers, The Lilliput Presss, 1985, p. 229
 * Buck, Clare. ed. Guide to Women's Literature, Bloomsbury Publishing, 1992, p. 1052.
 * Crowe,Thomas Rain et al. eds. Writing The Wind: A Celtic Resurgence: The New Celtic Poetry, New Native Press, 1997, pp. 154-55.
 * Dunne, Sean. ed. Poets of Munster. London Anvil Press, 1985.
 * Fallon,Peter. The Penguin Book of Contemporary Irish Poetry, Hardmonsworth Penguin Books, 1990.
 * Fitzmaurice, Gabriel and Kiberd, Declan. eds. An Crann Faoi Blath / TheFlowering Tree, Wolfhound Press 1991, pp. 110-113.
 * Hogan, Robert. ed . The Macmillian Dictionary of Irish Literature, The Macmillam Press Ltd. 1980 pp. 630-31.
 * Kelly, Angeline A. ed. The Pillars of the House: An Anthology of Verse by Irish Women from 1690 to the Present. Wolfhound, 1997. p. 114. Translation of 'Necessity for Reverence' from the Irish.
 * McRedmond, Louis. ed. Modern Irish Lives Dictionary of 20th Century Irish Biography, Gill and Macmillan, 1996, pp. 301-2.
 * Morgan, Jack. New World Irish: Notes on 100 Years of Lives and Letters in American Culture: The Celtic Carnivalesque and Muriel Rukeyser's Irish Journey of Passion and Transformation. Palgrave McMillan, 2011, Chap. 13.
 * Nic Thaidhg, Andrea. The German translation of ' A Cheile na Triocha mBliain' in Und Sucht Meine Zunge Ab ach Worten, Edition Druckhaus, Neunsehn, 1996.
 * Weekes, Ann Owens, ed. Unveiling Treasures: The Attic Guide to Irish Literary Writers, Attic Press, Dublin 1993, pp. 331-3.
 * Welch, Robert.The Concise Oxford Companion to Irish Literature, Oxford University Press, 2000.


 * Other Reading
 * Selected Poems: Rupert Strong, The Runa Press, 1974.
 * Pre-Requiem for a Clown: Rupert Strong, The Runa Press, 1983, Illustrated by Jennifer Strong.
 * Poems of the Ordinary: Rupert Strong,The Runa Press, 1967.
 * Illustrated by Pauline Bewick.
 * References
 * 1. * Haberstroh, Patricia (1996). Women Creating Women: contemporary Irish Women Poets. British Library: Syracuse University Press. pp. 29 –57. ISBN 9781855941731
 * 2. * Strong, Eithne (1993). Spatial Nosing: New and Selected Poems. British Library: Salmon. pp. 'O Magnificent Why!', Essay Forward by Mary O'Donnell. ISBN 1-897648-04-9.


 * 3. * Murray, Christine Elizabeth (March 2011). "'No Earthly Estate': the Poetry of Patrick Kavanagh, Padraic Colum and Eithne Strong". poethead.
 * 4. * "Eithne Strong". www.ricorso.net. Retrieved 2016-01-09.http://www.ricorso.net/rx/az-data/authors/s/Strong_E/life.htm
 * 5. Wilson/ Sommerville-Arjat, Rebecca E./ Gillean (1990). Sleeping with Monsters: Conversations with Scottish and Irish women poets. British Library: Polygon Edinburgh. pp. 109–119. ISBN 0-7486-6027-5.
 * 6. Gonzalez, Alexander G. (2006). Irish Women Writers:an A-Z
 * Guide: ed. Gonzalez, Alexander G. Eithne Strong by Joseph Heininger,. British Library: Greenwood Press. pp. 303 – 308. ISBN 0313328838
 * 7.The Crane Bag: Jonathan Hanaghan: The Founder of Psychoanalysis in Ireland by Ross Skelton, Vol. 7.no.2. the Forum issue, Richard Kearney, 1983. pp. 103-190.
 * 8. Aosdana www.aosdana.artscouncil.ie/members/Literature/Strong.aspx was established by the Irish Arts council in 1981 to honour those artists whose work has made an outstanding contribution to the arts in Ireland.
 * 9. http://www.poetrynow.ie/strong.html
 * 10. The Strong Reading and Award for Best First Collection. "the Strong/Shine Award"


 * Interviews[edit]
 * Consalvo, Deboorah McWilliams:: 'To Have the Right of Utterance'': an Inerview with Eithne Strong in The Celtic Pen 2:2 (Autumn 1995) pp. 17-20.
 * Holmquist, Kathryn: 'An Interview with Eithne Strong' in The Irish Times (03/11/1993).
 * O'Rourke, Christopher. ed. In Cognito Vol. 3 Spring (1998) pp 9-17.
 * Wilson, Rebecca E., and Gilean Somerville-Arjat, eds." Interview with Eithne Strong " in Sleeping With Monsters: Conversations with Scottish and Irish Women Poets. Scotland. Polygon 1990, 109-2.
 * Wright, Nancy Means and Hannan, Dennis: 'An Interview with Eithne Strong' in Irish Literary Supplement 13: 1 (Spring 1994) pp. 13-15.


 * Awards[edit]
 * Member of Aosdana [8].
 * Kilkenny Design Award for Flesh - The Greatest Sin, 1991.


 * Film[edit]
 * Danta: Eithne Strong. Interviewed by Tadhg Mac Dhonnagain. RTE, May, 1999.


 * Archive
 * Strong Manuscripts, National Library of Ireland in special collections.


 * Commemorative[edit]
 * On International Women's Day 2000, an event was held to commemorate the life and work of Eithne Strong at the Irish Writer's Centre, Parnell Square, Dublin with contributions from Brendan Kennelly, Eilis Ni Duibne, Mary O'Donnell, Gabriel Rosenstock [4].
 * The lives and work of Eithne and Rupert Strong are commemorated in the Poetry Now International Poetry Festival [9] held annually in Dun-Laoghaire through the Rupert and Eithne Strong First Poetry Book Award. In recent years this has been supported by the major mental health charity Shine and is now known as The Strong/Shine Award [10 ].
 * External links[edit]
 * * ^ Strong, Eithne. "Ricorso". http://www.ricorso.net/rx/az-data/authors/s/Strong_E/life.htm
 * http://www.maryodonnell.com/selected-essays.php
 * http://www.library.ucg.ie/bibltran/authors/Strong_Eithne.htm
 * http://www.poetrynow.ie/strong.html
 * htpps://www.poethead.wordpress.com/contemporary-irishwomen-poets-on-poethead
 * https://www.omnilit.com/product-irishwomanwriters-466924-255.html
 * http://www.poetryireland.ie/publications/poetry-ireland-review/online-archive
 * http:www.irishtimes.com/news/bohemian-honest-dealer-and-wise-woman-1.221393
 * http://www.psychotherapy-ireland.com
 * http://www.psychoanalysis.ie/about/history/
 * https://poethead.wordpress.com/tag/eithne-strong
 * http://www.aosdana.artscouncil.ie/members/Literature/Strong.aspx
 * http://munsterlit.ie/limerick_irish.html
 * http://www.ricorso.net/ex/az-data/authors/s/Strong_E/life.htm
 * http://www.irishtimes.com/.../eithne-strong-poet-and-novelist-dies-aged-76-1.2...
 * http://www.irishwriters-online.com
 * http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf10.1080/09670889308455415
 * http://www.salmonpoetry.com
 * http://www.//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry_Now_Award
 * http://www.jstor.org/stable/25578747
 * http://www.jstor.org/stable/25512904
 * http://www.jstor.org/stable/25477596
 * http://www.euppublishing.com
 * Eithrua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/5453/1/RAEI_05_11.pdf
 * DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2012.0014
 * http:www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.../01/authority.20110803100537780
 * irishwriterscentre.ie/
 * dublinwritersmusem.com
 * rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/5453/1/RAEI_05_11.pdf


 * Catergories: Irish poet, Irish women poets, Irish women writers, Irish authors female,English-language poets, Poetry Now Festival, Aosdana members, Alumni of TCD, people from Limerick, Newcastle West, 20th century writers, psychoanalysis in Ireland,Irish Writers Union, Irish teachers, civil servant, people educated at Scoil Muiris, Ennis, Co. Clare.


 * SARAHSTRONG	(78.146.228.117 (talk) 20:03, 27 February 2016 (UTC))

Thank you for reply. I appreciate that it will take time to go through the notes and it is good to know that others with an interest in the subject can access and edit. I thought the information on Eithne's Strong career was limited so I am adding some more notes here

Eithne Strong  nee O’Connell ( 1923 -1999) born West Limerick, Ireland was an Irish  woman poet and writer. Patricia Boyle Haberstroh in Women Creating Women described her as having one of the longest careers among contemporary Irish women poets.[1]. Author and poet Mary O'Donnell in her forward-essay[2] to Strong's poems suggested that “ diversity of thought and impulse makes these poems radiate humanity, belief and a revelatory sense of justice.” The editor of Poethead Wordpress, Christine Elizabeth Murray has linked the poetry [3] of Patrick Kavanagh, Padraic Colum and Eithne Strong describing their work " as an example of the triumph of art and literature providing an amazing root-system for new writers in terms of earthly estate, land and language". Life and Career

Eithne's parents, John Quin O'Connell and Kathleen Lennon were schoolteachers. During her childhood, Breac Gaelic was freely used - Irish interspersed with English [4]. Her formative years were dominated by a strict Roman Catholic upbringing. She spent her secondary education at the Irish speaking Scoil Muiris, Convent of Mercy in Ennis, Co. Clare. In 1941 she joined the Civil Service (1942-43) and the Irish language movement [4].

Her earliest poetry was published when she was 19 in An Glor [2]. It was in Dublin that she met her future husband, the Freudian psychoanalyst and poet Rupert Strong, an Englishman and a Protestant whom she married at 20 [1]. Wilson/Sommerville-Arjat describe how Strong’s career as a poet was unusual at a time when Irish women poets were scant and  how she continued to write throughout her life despite having nine children[5]. At the time of her death in 1999, she had published five collections of poetry in Irish, six collections of poetry in English, two novels, one short story collection Irish and one short story collection in English [6]. Rupert Strong was one of the founder members of the first and oldest psychoanalytic associations in Ireland, the Irish Pyscho-Analytic Association (IPAA).[7]

Eithne Strong's early work appeared in Poetry Quatros (Runa. 1943-45). Her first poetry collection, Songs of Living with an introduction by Padraic Colum was published in 1961 when she was 38[1 ]. In her late forties, Strong graduated from Trinity College Dublin with a degree in Irish and English and a diploma in education (1975) and combined teaching, writing and family. Her poetry has been translated into French, Italian and German [4].

SARAH STRONG (92.24.80.57 (talk) 10:09, 28 February 2016 (UTC))

<font color=" Duffy, Louise Gavan by Mary Kotsonouris Duffy, Louise Gavan (1884–1969), educator, nationalist and Irish language enthusiast, was born 17 July 1884 in Cimiez, near Nice, the only daughter among four children of the marriage of Sir Charles Gavan Duffy (qv), journalist and politician, and his third wife, Louise Hall of Rock Ferry, Cheshire. Her mother died when she was five and she was reared in Nice by her Australian half-sisters from her father's second marriage; she was educated privately at home. Her interest in Irish was stimulated when she found an Irish grammar among her father's books, although he himself had no Irish. When he died in 1903, she visited Ireland for the first time to attend his funeral and resolved to stay, but was not able to do so until 1907 when a small legacy from her maternal grandmother made it possible to return. She joined the Gaelic League, attended the Gaeltacht in Tourmakeady, Co. Mayo, and became fluent in Irish. After completing a correspondence course from Cusack's College, London, she matriculated in 1907, and subsequently went on to study at UCD, during which time she was a resident at the Women's College, Dominican Convent, Eccles St., Dublin. Having graduated BA in 1911, she managed and taught (1911–12) at Scoil Íde, set up by Patrick Pearse (qv). When Scoil Íde closed the following year, she went on to take the Cambridge teacher's diploma in 1913 and her MA (again from UCD) in 1916. She worked as an assistant in education at St Dominic's Training College in Eccles St. (1915–16). Though best known for her involvement in nationalist politics and the Gaelic revival, Gavan Duffy was sympathetic to the women's suffrage movement and was among the speakers at a mass meeting of women in the Antient Concert Rooms, Dublin (1 June 1912) which demanded an amendment to the Home Rule Bill to include women voters. She joined Cumann na mBan on its foundation in April 1914 and was made joint secretary with Mollie Maguire (Mary Catherine Colum (qv)), who later married Padraic Colum (qv). Politically she was not in any inner circle and therefore knew nothing about the planned Rising until Easter Monday 1916, when she learned of it by chance. Having made her way without any difficulty to the General Post Office she asked to speak to Pearse and impressed on him her opposition to what he and his comrades had embarked upon. In her view their actions were not justified because of the certainty of defeat and the loss of life. Nevertheless, she went to help in the kitchen on the top floor, where Desmond FitzGerald (qv) was in charge, and remained there until the building was evacuated on Friday evening. Her group, led by FitzGerald, was the last to leave, bringing some wounded men to Jervis Street Hospital. On the following day she reiterated to Thomas MacDonagh (qv) her opposition to the Rising, when she went to Jacobs factory where MacDonagh was still holding out unaware of the surrender of the GPO, and had a bitter argument with him. Reelected to Cumann na mBan's executive at their 1917 convention, she was one of a number of influential nationalist women who signed a petition demanding selfdetermination for Ireland which was handed to President Woodrow Wilson by Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington (qv) in 1918. She became involved in 1917 in the National Aid Association and Volunteers Dependants Fund, very likely as a result of her painstaking forays across Dublin to deliver messages to families from men she had met in the GPO and who were now prisoners. In 1917 she fulfilled her personal ambition by opening in St Stephen's Green an Irish speaking school for girls, Scoil Bhríde, with Annie McHugh, who later married Ernest Blythe (qv). The school was raided by the military on several occasions, and not without reason as it was used by some Volunteers as a place to meet or conceal papers: Richard Mulcahy (qv), Desmond FitzGerald and Michael Collins (qv) all had keys, and Collins met Archbishop Patrick Clune (qv) there in October 1920. As a supporter of the Treaty, Gavan Duffy left Cumann na mBan and joined Cumann na Saoirse, the women's organisation which backed the Free State government. After the civil war she ceased to be politically active and concentrated her energies on educational matters. Finance was a continual problem but in 1926 through the good offices of Ernest Blythe, now minister for finance, the school was amalgamated into the national school system, which entitled it to be publicly funded with a senior girls school attached. Her work with UCD's department of education began in 1926 when Scoil Bhríde was recognised for teacher training purposes. Until her retirement in 1956 she was a government supervisor and later lectured on the teaching of French. Having retired she devoted much of her time to the Legion of Mary and to a group which worked with French au pairs in Dublin. In 1948 she was awarded an honorary LLD by the NUI. She gave a lively and lengthy account of Cumann na mBan and the events of Easter Week to the Bureau of Military History, and a lecture on the same topic at UCD in March 1966 to mark the 50th anniversay of the Rising; this was subsequently published. There is little doubt that her close friendship with Ernest Blythe influenced her political outlook and led to a cooling-off in relations with her brother. George Gavan Duffy (qv) was a prominent figure in the struggle for independence and a signatory of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. Appointed minister for foreign affairs in January 1922 he resigned in protest when the provisional government closed the dáil courts on the outbreak of civil war. A strong upholder of the rule of law, he voiced his opposition in the dáil to several of the more draconian emergency measures and thus became somewhat of a bête noire to the government. Prompted by Blythe, his sister made it clear that she also failed to understand his reservations. Thereafter, up to the time of his death in 1951, they met only on formal family occasions. Louise Gavan Duffy died 12 October 1969, unmarried, at her home, 7 Kenilworth Square, Dublin and was buried in the family plot in Glasnevin cemetery. BMH, witness statement (1 Apr. 1949); RTE radio broadcast, 1966; Kathleen O'Brennan, ‘Louise Gavan Duffy’, Leader, 14 July 1945; UCD, Report of the President for the sessions 1955–56 (1956); F. X. Martin (ed.), The Easter rising, 1916, and University College Dublin (1966); Leon Ó Broin, Charles Gavan Duffy (1967); Ir. Independent, 13 Oct. 1969; Ir. Times, death notice and obit 13 Oct. 1969, apprec. 15 Oct. 1969; Cyril Pearl, The three lives of Gavan Duffy (1979); Margaret Ward, Unmanageable revolutionaries: women and Irish nationalism (1983); McRedmond; Ruth Taillon, When history was made: the women of 1916 (1996); Mary M. Macken, ‘Women in the university and college’, Michael Tierney (ed.), Struggle with fortune (n.d.), 142–65; NUI records; information from Máire Gavan Duffy Downloaded from http://dib.cambridge.org by IP 192.168.60.239 on Wed Apr 01 09:27:34 BST 2015 Dictionary of Irish Biography Online © 2015 Cambridge University Press and Royal Irish Academy.All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution.
 * Louise Gavan Duffy
 * 1) http://centenaries.ucd.ie/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Duffy-Louise_Gavan.pdf

Louise did not see the Irish land until 1903 when her father was being buried. Then she heard Irish spoken for the first time when she called to the offices of. Shortly before she saw Irish grammar book seller stated in the catalog. When she asked her father told her that his own mother a native speaker but the language that she concealed it. 'I made ​​a resolution that day bhfoghlaimeoinn the language, and when turned to one of my brothers find a couple of booklets Fr. Gramhna some time later, I gave into the spirit'. She came to live in Ireland in 1907 and was a student atMary Aidan in the Dominican College. Women were not allowed to attend lectures in the former Royal University. From NUI she received a degree in 1911 was the Mary Kennedy taught Irish to her.
 * 1) http://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=20

She received an invitation to take a teaching position in School Ide, school for girls founded by Pearse , opinion this time. Short lived was the school and Louise spent some years studying incollege training in Eccles Street to teacher diploma (Cambridge) recovery. She was active in the Women's Association from the beginning.

In studying his MA her an accommodation in Haddington Road she heard revolt underway. She thought that the mass dhíchéillí the Volunteers but she went straight to the General Post Office.The Pearse kitchen work is that one week.

She was one of the few people who managed to escape from the Post Office by the hospital in Jervis Street. During the turbulent times that followed the rebellion was voluntarily working for the National Aid Society.

In September 1917 she founded and Annie McHugh (marriedBenson of Blaghd later) St. Brigid's School, a secondary school for girls, at 70 St Stephen's Green, Dublin. Twelve pupils have had the first day and 100 in one year. Between 1919 and 1921, often of the First Dáil committees at a meeting and it was a men's refuge house maintenance (see essay in Times at Benson of Blaghd on October 15, 1969). Ventured the Blaghdach support the school and noted that, acting made ​​her a member of the national school. It would be difficult for the state at that time equally help to secondary school. Gaelic medium school and it was educational principles of Pearse prevailing therein. New school building opened in 1965 was present in the School Ide at the Pearse Road Cullen Vinegar, Ranelagh. She gave money to the sisters Terence Sweeney to establish a Gaelic school in Cork. Louise continued to teach in the School Bride to 1947. For several years while she was lecturing in the education department in University College Dublin. In 1962 she made ​​a TV program in the ' Self Portrait ' and she died on 12 October 1969. The President of Ireland attend Requiem Mass in English, which was, again, incredible given that, her father was born before Waterloo when the penal laws were still canceled.

In April 1984 opened the Taoiseach, Garret Fitzgerald TD, events week by Parents Association School Bride ran a tribute to her.Published Lucia School Gabhánach and Brigid Duffy, 1994, a collection of essays and memoirs edited by Mairead Ghacháin.

Gothic writers
"During this period, the key Irish authors of Gothic fiction were mainly women, and include Anne Fuller, Regina Maria Roche, Anne Burke, Mrs F. C. Patrick, Anna Millikin, Catharine Selden, Marianne Kenley, and Sydney Owenson (later Lady Morgan)"

Mildred Darby wrote under the name Andrew Merry until prevented by her husband in Leap Castle - she may have been the originator of the ghosts/ http://sites.cardiff.ac.uk/romtext/files/2013/02/cc10_n02.pdf 1796

A. Burke, The Sorrows of Edith (London)

Some of the identified Irish female authors who published in Dublin include: Mrs Burke, E. Connor, Anne Fuller, and Tamary Elizabeth Hurrell.

Anne Burke (writer)
 * Anne Burke (writer)

https://www2.shu.ac.uk/corvey/cw3/AuthorPage.cfm?Author=WB

https://library.villanova.edu/Find/Author/Home?author=Burke%2C+Mrs.

http://cityreaders.nysoclib.org/Detail/objects/2551 Mrs. Burke

Ela: or, the delusions of the heart. A tale, founded on facts. London: Printed for G. G. J. and J. Robinson., 1787.

Emilia de St. Aubigne: A novel. By the author of Ela, or the delusions of the heart. London: Printed for C. Elliot, and T. Kay, Opposite Somerset-Place, Strand, and C. Elliot Edinburgh., 1788.

Mrs. Burke The sorrows of Edith; or, the hermitage of the cliffs: a descriptive tale, founded on facts. In two volumes. ... By Mrs. Burke, ... London: Printed for B. Crosby, 1796.

Mrs. Burke Elliott: or, Vicissitudes of early life. In two volumes. By a lady. London: Printed and published by Geo. Pawthorn, British Library, No. 132, Strand, bookseller to Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales; sold also by Messrs. Richardson, Royal-Exchange; H.D. Symonds, West and Hughes, Paternoster-Row; and J. Wright, Piccadilly, 1800.

The secret of the cavern, Volume 1, mrs. Burke, Lane, Newman & co 1805

http://www.ampltd.co.uk/digital_guides/gothic_fiction/Biographies.aspx Mrs Anne Burke (fl.1780-1805), novelist, was the author of at least four popular novels beginning with Ela: or, Delusions of the Heart: A Tale, Founded on Fact(1787), first serialised in Columbian Magazine. It is a romantic epistolary novel warning of the dangers of being engaged to a dashing military man, who is secretly betrothed to another. The Secrets of the Cavern (1805) concerns a place of confinement guarded by the ghost of the heroine’s mother. In Emilia de St Aubigne(1788), after storms and ship-wrecks in every sense, the virtuous heroine dies a lingering death. Burke’s relish in the suffering heroine is evident in The Sorrows of Edith: or The Hermitage of the Cliffs (1796) where she commits suicide.

http://sites.cardiff.ac.uk/romtext/files/2013/02/cc10_n02.pdf 1796 A. Burke, The Sorrows of Edith (London) Some of the identified Irish female authors who published in Dublin include: Mrs Burke, E. Connor, Anne Fuller, and Tamary Elizabeth Hurrell.

http://www.palgraveconnect.com/pc/doifinder/view/10.1057/9780230287501 Anne Burke’s Adela Northington:

http://www.pickering-chatto.com/PC/Catalogues_and_Lists_files/787Web.pdf ‘Anne Burke, governess, who published eight novels at London, 1785-1805, with inflated prose and melodramatic action. The heroine of the epistolary Eleanora: from the Sorrows of Werter, 1785, turns to religion on her lover’s suicide, and begs forgiveness for him. That of Ela,or The Delusions of the Heart, 1787, sees herself as a disciple of Rousseau, rejects a faithful suitor for a ne’er-do-well and dies still full of masochistic love: this had several English and US editions, and perhaps influenced Ann Radcliffe’s Romance of the Forest … Between 1795 and 1799 (a widow nursing her son through smallpox in a shared room, borrowing clothes but hoping to set up a school) Anne Burke applied three times, humbly, to the Royal Literary Fund; she received 13 guineas in all before her claim was listed as ‘questionable’, [in] 1806.’ (Blain, Clements & Grundy The Feminist Companion to Literature in English, Yale University Press, 1990, p. 157).The first edition appeared in 1787. Rochedieu p. 39; OCLC records three copies only, at the BNF, BL and Augsburg: see Garside, Raven and Schowerling, 1787: 32 for first edition.

https://books.google.ie/books?id=qi84AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA173&lpg=PA173&dq=Anne+Burke,+governess+-justice&source=bl&ots=prGZsr8IXH&sig=s1wjz9cxs34IQEts2x43wN3K5KU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH4YKzxonLAhWFSA8KHRmqAlcQ6AEILzAE#v=onepage&q=Anne%20Burke%2C%20governess%20-justice&f=false The Common Writer: Life in Nineteenth-Century Grub Street Nigel Cross CUP Archive, 9 Jun 1988 - Language Arts & Disciplines - 272 pages Widow and governess forced to sell the clothes off her back to feed her child

http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=burkan

Anne Burke published seven novels at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth century. A former governess left a widow with a son to support, she depended on her writing for an income. The play occasionally attributed to her is not hers. If the future AB was indeed born Anne Ustick, she may have been the baby of this name christened in Penzancein Cornwall on 20 September 1763 November 1787 AB's second novel, the single-volume Ela; or, The Delusions of the Heart, A Tale, Founded on Facts, was highly successful, judging from the number of editions which followed the first It is not known how much time elapsed before AB's final financial appeal in August 1806 was followed by her death. Novels

Responding to Goethe Ela; or, The Delusions of the Heart Emilia de St. Aubigne Adela Northington The Sorrows of Edith Elliott; or, Vicissitudes of Early Life The Secret of the Cavern

mentions of the author in gothic fiction Portraiture and British Gothic Fiction: The Rise of Picture Identification, 1764–1835, Kamilla Elliott JHU Press, 19 Oct 2012 - Literary Criticism - 352 pages

Anna Millikin
 * Anna Millikin

http://blogs.ucc.ie/wordpress/theriverside/2013/10/02/hello-world/

We have also taken some synchronous inspiration from an item held in Special Collections The river-side (1807) a verse poem in three books by Richard Alfred Milliken (1767-1815), bound as a quarto volume, and which was dedicated to members of the Cork Library Society.

Millikin, who was of Scottish quaker ancestry, was born in Castlemartyr. His family eventually moved to Cork City where he became a lawyer’s apprentice. He spent time composing poems some of which were published in a Cork magazine, the Monthly Miscellany. He also edited The Casket (1797-8), a monthly literary magazine with his sister, the teacher and novelist, Anna Millikin. His best known poems include ‘The groves of Blarney’, ‘The beggar boy’, and ‘De groves of de pool’. Millikin was also involved in amateur dramatics in the City, writing and performing, and was involved in the establishment of the First Munster Exhibition of Original Pictures (1815). He died in Cork on 16 December 1815 and is buried in Douglas cemetery.

The UCC copy of Millikin’s The river-side was printed by J. Conner’s Circulating-library, Grand-parade, Cork in 1807. It has been recently bound in blue leather with gilt title on the spine. The frontispiece engraving is by Nathaniel Grogan. The book and frontispiece were included in the recent exhibition A Question of Attribution: The Arcadian Landscapes of Nathaniel Grogan and John Butts held in the Crawford Gallery, Cork (February –April 2012).

Reference: Carmel Doyle. “Milliken, (Millikin) Richard Alfred”. Dictionary of Irish Biography.

(ed.) James McGuire, James Quinn. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2009. (http://dib.cambridge.org/viewReadPage.do?articleId=a5825) Corfe Castle; or, Historic tracts. A novel 1793 by Anna Millikin

The Rival Chiefs; or, Battle of Mere. A tale of ancient times 1804 by Anna Millikin

Plantagenet: or, Secrets of the House of Anjou; a Tale of the Twelfth Century, Cork 1802

Reading Historical Fiction: The Revenant and Remembered Past

Kate Mitchell

Palgrave Macmillan, 3 Dec 2012 - Literary Criticism - 256 pages http://www.ricorso.net/rx/az-data/authors/m/Millikin_A/life.htm fl.1793-97; b. Castlemartyr; issued Corfe Castle (1793), History of Julia and Cecilia de Valmont (1797), and Eva [q.d.], all by subscription; supported by Lord Boyle, Countess Shannon, Lady Harriet Bernard of Bandon; the Freke family, and others. Rolf Loeber and Magda Stouthamer-Loebber, ‘Fiction available to and written for cottages and their children’, Bernadette Cunningham and Máire Kennedy, eds., The Experience of Reading: Irish Historical Perspectives (Dublin: Rare Books Group and Econ. & Social Hist. Society of Ireland 1999), p.93 [details as above].

https://books.google.ie/books?id=SIRHAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117&dq=Anna+Millikin&source=bl&ots=ZpYvky9Xa8&sig=xfIkfFkEKl9NaI8DUH7irYauUV0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjt6-Hr4onLAhUBUBQKHaSIDK84HhDoAQhBMAg#v=onepage&q=Anna%20Millikin&f=false

The Critical Review, Or, Annals of Literature

Tobias George Smollett

W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 1803 - English literature

http://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/anna-millikin-plantagenet-1802-gothic-516605338

This auction is for Anna Millikin, PLANTAGENET, or, Secrets of the House of Anjou: A Tale of the Twelfth Century. Published Cork: J. Connor, 1802. Volume 2 only of a two volume Gothic novel.

Bound in full leather. Good condition only; leather is worn and rubbed, joints are cracking, chipping to head of spine, foxing internally. A former circulating library copy. Tightly bound and very readable. 258pp.

Rare; OCLC finds copies only at Yale, Notre Dame, the National Library of Ireland, Harvard, and Trinity College Dublin. No copies for sale online; in ten years of collecting, we've never seen another copy.

The Critical Review of Jan. 1803 reviewed this novel as follows: " In these two volumes of Mrs. Millikin, are contained the marriage of William, son to Robert duke of Normandy, with a daughter of the duke of Anjou; preceded by a secret memoir of the ill treatment of the lady’s father to his rightful duchess. It will not be expected that the author has followed facts in a novel; but the work has, however, enough of the appearance of probability to make it interesting."

Anna Millikin was also the author of "Corfe Castle", "Eva", "The Casket" and "The Rival Chiefs". A Guide to Irish Fiction gives the following info on Millikin and this book:

MILLIKIN, Anna (also Milliken) probably born at Castlemartyr (County Cork), fl. 1793, d. Ireland 1824? Novelist and periodical founder, AM was the daughter of Robert Millikin, a Quaker of Scottish descent, and Elizabeth Battaley from a Wilts. (England) family, who brought some fortune into the family. AM's brother was the author and artist Richard Alfred Millikin*. Her grandfather, Robert Millikin, a Belfast linen merchant, with the encouragement of Henry Boyle (later earl of Shannon), had settled on the Boyle estate at Castlemartyr. AM started writing novels in order to restore the family finances, but 'either from locality of situation, or some other cause, her labours proved unproductive? (Millikin, pp xv-xvi). Together with her brother, she founded and contributed to the literary periodical the Casket or Hesperian Magazine (Cork, 1797-98), which was said to have been successful, but its publication was interrupted by the outbreak of the rebellion of 1798. She published her last novel in 1804.

COMMENTARY Partly serialized in the Casket or Hesperian Magazine (Cork, 1797-98). Historical Gothic novel set in twelfth-century France after the battle between king Henry I of England and Robert, duke of Normandy. Henry wins and is eager to take captive William, the duke's son. William escapes and in his wanderings finds out various awful secrets about successive dukes of Anjou. William had hoped to marry the daughter of the current duke of Anjou, whom he had considered his friend but who is intent on betraying William to Henry. In the end the duke of Anjou admits his crimes and allows his daughter to marry William, who has succeeded to the dukedom of Flanders. Eva, an old Irish story. : By the authoress of Corfe Castle [i.e. Anna Millikin].

by Millikin, Anna.

Published / Created: 1795.

BOOK

Corfe Castle, or, Historic tracts : a novel.

by Millikin, Anna.

Published / Created: 1793.

BOOK

Plantagenet; or Secrets of the House of Anjou. : A tale of the twelfth century. Vol. I-II.

by Millikin, Anna.

Published / Created: 1802.

BOOK

An epitome of ancient history : designed for the use of her pupils /

by Millikin, Anna.

Published / Created: 1808.

BOOK

Julia Crottie
 * Julia Crottie

[ http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19010412.2.86 San Francisco Call, Volume 87, Number 133, 12 April 1901 : San Francisco Call, Volume 87, Number 133, 12 April 1901 : GOSSIP FROM LONDON'S WORLD OF LETTERS]

Miss Julia M. Crottie's recently published story, 'The Lost Land, an Irish Tale," seems one of. those which are taking well with readers. The story of the publication, as told by Justin McCarthy, Is one of the most remarkable stories of perseverance under most depressing : and discouraging circumstances ever heard. . .-,.¦ Mr. McCarthy says this novel has a curious history of its own. "When it was written It was shown to a lady friend of Miss Crottie. who took it away with her. read it, and without consent of the authoress sent it for Inspection to a London publisher. The manuscript was lost and no trace of it could be discovered, so Miss Crottie went to work again and rewrote the whole book. * The new manuscript was then sent to tno editor of aS London magazine. The second manuscript was also lost and has never been recovered. Miss Crottie on this second failure felt for a time something very like despair. She bore up. however, went to work again and wrote out the book a third time, her perseverance now being rewarded by success and the appreciation of more than the average number of readers of a story.

ENG
 * Alice Jacqueline Perry

graduated with a first class honours degree in Civil Engineering from Queen's College Galway (now NUI, Galway) in 1906. It is understood that she is the first woman to graduate with a degree in engineering in Ireland or Great Britain.

Alice Perry - The Institution of Engineers of Ireland

http://multitext.ucc.ie/d/The_first_nine_women_to_receive_degrees_from_the_Royal_University_of_Ireland_1884

The first nine women to receive degrees from the Royal University of Ireland, 1884.

The Irish Women's Graduate Association, the Central Association of Irish Schoolmistresses, and the Catholic Women's Colleges were all involved in the campaign for full and equal access to higher education for women. The Government finally made law the Universities (Ireland) Act in 1908.

http://www.thejournal.ie/readme/notable-irish-women-in-history-alice-perry-2088823-May2015/

Perry was born on the 24th of October 1885 in Wellpark, Co Galway, the daughter of James and Martha Perry. Her father was the County Surveyor for Galway, a post which involved travelling from Clifden to Gort inspecting public buildings and infrastructure. He and his brother, John Perry, founded the Galway Electric Light Company and John was a mechanical engineer an

This engineering influence within the family must have had an effect on Perry, as she showed an affinity for maths at an early age. She was educated at Millbrook House, then the High School Galway, where her academic abilities gained her a scholarship to attend Queen’s College Galway (now National University of Ireland Galway). She was one of five daughters, all of whom were well-educated and strong supporters of the womens’ rights movement in Galway.

Perry began her third level career as an Arts student, but her maths results prompted a change to Engineering. While studying for her degree, Perry acted as her father’s personal assistant as he carried out his duties as County Surveyor.

“Outstanding ability”

Perry’s ability for her chosen subject shone through in October 1906 when she graduated with a first class honours in Civil Engineering. At the Alumni Association dinner that year, Dr R.W. Leslie commented on the graduating class, including “the first lady to obtain the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in the UK”.

Perry was set to continue her academic career at postgraduate level, but unfortunately her father died and she could not accept the place. She did however take up his post and was the acting County Surveyor for five months until April 1907, making her the only female to take this position. Although she applied for the permanent job when it arose, she did not meet the age or experience criteria, but she came joint second among 17 candidates.

It was remarked in the Connacht Champion (dated 23rd February 1907) “the many and arduous duties of County Surveyor have never been better or more faithfully discharged than since they were taken over by Miss Perry… every member of the County Council has borne willing testimony to her outstanding ability”.

Focus on religion

After a period of unemployment, Perry moved to London in 1908 and joined the Civil Service. This led her to the role of Lady Factory Inspector, a position that involved the monitoring of laws regarding women at work in industrial settings. One of the main responsibilities of this role concerned exposure to toxic substances in factory environments, such as lead and mercury.

She worked in London and Glasgow, where two significant life changes occurred. The first was her religious conversion from Presbyterian to Christian Science, a religious sect that had a base in Glasgow. The second was her marriage to a soldier called Robert Shaw on the 30th of September 1916. This joy was short-lived however, as Shaw died on the Western Front in 1917. It has been suggested that this loss, coupled with grief over the death of her parents, led Perry further into religious life and even though she was offered a promotion to Woman Deputy Superintendent Inspector, she retired from her post in 1921.

The rest of Perry’s life was dedicated to her religious beliefs. She also displayed an interest in poetry, publishing her first book of poems in 1922. In 1923, she moved to Boston, where the Christian Science movement had its headquarters, working as a practitioner and poet, publishing seven books of poetry in total. She made three visits back to Ireland, one of which in 1948 included a visit to the Department of Civil Engineering. Perry died on the 21st of August 1969 in Boston.

Alice Perry was a pioneer, the first woman to smash the glass ceiling for women in Engineering. Although she could not take the opportunity to continue to postgraduate level, she was commended for her work as County Surveyor and made her mark on history as the first female graduate in a male-only discipline.

Alice Perry, (1885-1969):  http://www.realizedvision.com/ap.php

Alice Jacqueline Perry graduated with a first class honours degree in Civil Engineering from Queen's College Galway (now NUI, Galway) in 1906. It is understood that she is the first woman to graduate with a degree in engineering in Ireland or Great Britain. Indeed it is possible that she is the first woman to graduate as an engineer anywhere in the world.

Alice Perry was born in Galway in 1885 and she came from a family that had strong engineering traditions. Her father, James Perry, was County Surveyor in Galway West and, together with his brother, founded the Galway Electric Light Company. Her uncle, John Perry was a Fellow of the Royal Society and was well known for inventing the navigational gyroscope. Sadly, Alice's father died soon after her graduation in 1906 and this prevented her from continuing her academic career. She was appointed temporary county surveyor by Galway County Council in December 1906 in succession to her father. She held this post for six months until a permanent appointment was made. Her age and lack of experience dictated that she would not have been appointable to the permanent post. The fact remains that she was the first and only woman to have occupied the post of County Surveyor (County Engineer) in Ireland.

In 1908, Alice and her sisters moved to London where she spent some years working for the Home Office as a Lady Factory Inspector. This involved the monitoring of the laws in relation to the employment of women, particularly in the industrial setting. In 1916 she married Bob Shaw, an Englishman who was serving in the British Army. Her husband left for the Western Front in 1917 and unfortunately he was killed in action later that year. Although brought up as a Presbyterian, she had converted to the Christian Science Church in 1915. She became interested in poetry and published her first work in 1922. The following year she went to Boston, which was the headquarters of Christian Science.

Alice Perry spent the remaining 45 years of her life in the US. Little detail is known of her time there but she worked completely within the Christian Science church. She did however continue her strong interest in writing and poetry and a total of seven books of poems were published by her through the Christian Science Society. She also returned to Ireland on three occasions, 1930, 1948, and 1960, and visited the Department of Civil Engineering during her 1948 visit.

Shortly before her death, she commissioned a memorial slab to her parents in the Presbyterian Church on Nun's Island.

LAW
 * Letitia Alice Walkington

In 1888 Letitia Alice Walkington had the distinction of becoming the first woman in Great Britain or Ireland to receive a degree of Bachelor of Laws from the royal university of ireland

http://www.dippam.ac.uk/eppi/documents/18582/page/495490 -is it 1889 or ?

This is a very interesting speech for women.. see below

WALKINGTON, Letitia Alice was born ABT 1868 in Belfast, (daughter of Letitia Walkington) was in the 1911 census for Belmont Road, Victoria (part of), County Down, Ireland  697,040 Her??

WALKINGTON, Letitia was born ABT 1846 in Belfast and she was in the 1911 census for Belmont Road, Victoria (part of), County Down, Ireland  697,039 The mother from above?

http://www.mocavo.com/Men-and-Women-of-the-Time-a-Dictionary-of-Contemporaries-5/384268/932

https://books.google.ie/books?id=-67bBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA124&lpg=PA124&dq=Letitia+Alice+Walkington&source=bl&ots=FFsMsggAyE&sig=4b4uPpv9AgJBDXPNTvYJD5ouzZM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidxNCW6pHLAhUEFQ8KHc8PB344FBDoAQggMAE#v=onepage&q=Letitia%20Alice%20Walkington&f=false

Letitia Alice Walkington - BA (1885), MA (1886), LLB (1888), LLD (1889)

Education for women
Notes I haven't yet added or were cancelled when the edit conflict happened - http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Antrim/St__George_s_Ward_Belfast/Great_Victoria_Street/955795/ http://www.maltaramc.com/ladydoc/b/belleg.html http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Down/Ouley/Corcreeghy/253933/ http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Antrim/St__George_s/Great_Victoria_St_/156882/
 * Elizabeth Bell (doctor)


 * Various references


 * 1) https://books.google.ie/books?id=92zTnb5r-mYC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=-Ztde1u0A2&sig=eMJn1MBIHjBKUpRYDPtxwAc7pHg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimyauSiMbLAhUUSo4KHdM3CfgQ6AEIJzAC#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22%20ireland&f=false
 * 2) http://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/cumann-na-mban-by-joseph-e-a-connell-jr/
 * 3) http://www.newulsterbiography.co.uk/index.php/home/viewPerson/405
 * 4) https://books.google.ie/books?id=B6UIQXpF6M4C&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=b-ll-wOiyW&sig=y0Dv3PMm2qizWVfe3yNeOpa7jyc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimyauSiMbLAhUUSo4KHdM3CfgQ6AEIQDAH#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22&f=false
 * 5) https://books.google.ie/books?id=4oXJL2NldlIC&pg=PA180&lpg=PA180&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=BIZfnFkcXo&sig=24ANfQQvdTYx4KchI8a6JhOCWmw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimyauSiMbLAhUUSo4KHdM3CfgQ6AEIRDAI#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22&f=false
 * 6) https://books.google.ie/books?id=zGqNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT110&lpg=PT110&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=yt3bo3vTqu&sig=uqOwfUGwsxMBfntRZFK2tmPJ4p0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimyauSiMbLAhUUSo4KHdM3CfgQ6AEISDAJ#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22%20ireland&f=false
 * 7) https://books.google.ie/books?id=pzYkTYi3JRgC&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=lWWwMk_UeV&sig=1ip8bgoqO21Ip13YeCfZ4wZuV-g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjq7_eriMbLAhWEGY4KHcfPCPM4ChDoAQgaMAA#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22%20ireland&f=false
 * 8) http://www.ainm.ie/Bio.aspx?ID=18
 * 9) https://books.google.ie/books?id=a7uTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA115&lpg=PA115&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=OGldjcraMZ&sig=XClxK52xYP6VLwVse7Dw90oaAJ8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjq7_eriMbLAhWEGY4KHcfPCPM4ChDoAQgiMAI#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22&f=false
 * 10) https://archive.org/stream/journalofroyalso42roya/journalofroyalso42roya_djvu.txt
 * 11) http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/I3000012/header.html
 * 12) http://www.ucc.ie/celt/Eriu1-46.pdf
 * 13) http://www.wynnshotel.ie/1916.html
 * 14) http://www.culturenorthernireland.org/features/heritage/feis-na-ngleann
 * 15) http://www.placenamesni.org/resultdetails.php?entry=17814
 * 16) https://www.jstor.org/stable/30005393?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
 * 17) http://www.rte.ie/radio1/the-history-show/programmes/2014/0330/604446-the-history-show-sunday-30-march-2014/?clipid=1518346#1518346
 * 18) https://books.google.ie/books?id=6q1chFiVU9EC&pg=PT117&lpg=PT117&dq=%22Margaret+Dobbs%22+ireland&source=bl&ots=f_62j0yml5&sig=6vZ_rTlBjB2OiEuYEn18fFAkEyw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjq7_eriMbLAhWEGY4KHcfPCPM4ChDoAQgpMAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Margaret%20Dobbs%22&f=false

I can't find anything more about missing names of the Nine Graces Nine Graces]]

Growth of university education for women.

Nonetheless, despite all these obstacles, the first nine Irish women graduated from the Royal University of Ireland in 1884: five gained honours and four passed. Most of these women had received some of their teaching in Alexandra College, including Charlotte Taylor, the first woman B.Mus. in the UK.

Nine Graces

'The Nine Graces'

Ireland's first women graduates. Royal University of Ireland, 1884

Courtesy Alexandra College, Dublin

Alice Oldham, who received part of her university teaching in Alexandra College and part in the Royal College of Surgeons, was one of these first nine women graduates. Mary Hayden, a second year student of the Royal University of Ireland, wrote about the event in her diary:

... the long procession of hooded and gowned male graduates ... the girls coming last. As soon as they appeared, there was a burst of applause. They looked exceedingly well in their black gowns, hoods lined with white fur and tasseled caps, even the plain ones, and the ordinary looking ones appeared to advantage ... The Duke [of Abercorn] arose and made a rather long speech - quoted that hackneyed old line about 'sweet girl graduates'.

Jessie Twemlow, Marion Kelly, Miss Sands and the Chief Isabella Mulvany looked especially well; not a bit the typical blue stocking which I was glad to see, since Chief Justice Morris having only seen Alice Oldham, pronounced them 'an ugly lot'.

By 1895 there were five women's colleges. These were:

Victoria College, Belfast (1859), originally Mrs. Byers' Ladies' Collegiate School

Alexandra College, Dublin (1866)

Dominican College, Eccles Street, Dublin (1885), later transferred to Merrion Square (1893) where it was called St. Mary's University College

St. Angela's College (Ursuline), Cork (1892)

Loreto College, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin (1894).

Their graduates included many who were to become pioneering women in varying fields of activity: Hanna Sheehy Skeffington, founder member of the Irish Women's Franchise League, Agnes O'Farrelly, co-founder of Cumann na mBan, Mary Hayden, first woman Professor of Irish History in UCD, Louise Gavan Duffy, founder of Scoil Bhríde, the first all Irish school, Mary Colum, author of Life and the Dream, Nora Meade, first woman journalist on the staff of the New York World and Mollie Kiernan, manager of the Irish School of Wireless.


 * http://womeninhistory.scoilnet.ie/content/unit4/progress.html
 * http://womeninhistory.scoilnet.ie/content/unit4/biog.html#old


 * Norah Meade

<font color="


 * https://www.unz.org/Pub/Nation-1928oct03-00322a02: Journalism from Russia by Norah Meade, The Nation, October 3, 1928, pp. 322-323
 * The Nation archives: https://www.unz.org/Author/MeadeNorah
 * http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=64506122
 * http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=pv&GRid=64506122&PIpi=37926241
 * Name Norah Meade Date of Birth 18 March 1888 Dublin South Mother's Birth Surname O'Sullivan
 * Norah Meade Corcoran
 * Birth 1888 County Dublin, Ireland
 * Death: Jan. 23, 1954, Ireland
 * Pioneering female journalist; humanitarian aid worker who witnessed the Russian famine of 1921 first hand; young proto-feminist scholar; wife of a swashbuckling soldier and self-professed adventurer; literary critic for leading American publications; Irish broadcaster; and finally, forgotten name in Irish history – Norah Meade Corcoran's extraordinary life touches on many different aspects of early 20th century history in a way that few of her peers could lay claim to.

Norah Meade was born in Dublin in 1888. The daughter of a journalist, Patrick Meade of the nationalist newspaper, The Freeman's Journal, and one of four siblings (two boys and one other girl), Nora showed early promise in her studies at the Dominican College on Eccles Street, Dublin. Norah went on to attend the Royal University of Ireland and by the age of 18 had her first article published – in the Irish Education Review – in which she argued for the provision of a dedicated women's only university, in order to ensure women were guaranteed an educational infrastructure of equal value to those traditionally available to those men who could afford it. Norah's next recorded foray into print was in 1910, when she wrote an article titled, ‘The Contemporary Irish National Movement in Literature' for The Freeman's Journal. Norah's literary ambitions however were trained on an altogether wider horizon.

On the 6th July, 1912, Norah boarded the Lusitania in Liverpool and set sail for New York. Travelling alone and listing her profession as teacher, Norah arrived at Ellis Island on 12th July. There is some evidence to suggest that she went to live with her older sister Sheila, who was living and working as a nurse in Manhattan.

Sheila Meade was actually a mystery to the descendants of Norah Meade until as recently as October 2010, when it was only during searches of Norah Meade's archived Grangegorman medical records (pertaining to her admission to the hospital in September 1953, where she remained until her death in January 1954) that this ‘mystery sister' only became known. The existence of Sheila, who, the records make clear, also spent time in an Irish mental facility (Portrane), has been corroborated with other documentation.

Equipped with a top-rate education, an undeniably independent mind and a firebrand ambition, Norah's early movements in New York are unknown, however, what is certain is that by 1915 she had been hired as the first female journalist to write for Joseph Pulitzer's popular newspaper of the day, The New York World. Cutting her journalistic teeth writing about such varied subjects as fashion and even what could be labelled as ‘celebrity gossip' for the era, even the briefest perusal of Norah's work from that period would still quickly demonstrate that the young scholar who argued so passionately for the provision of women's education in Ireland had merely moved onto a new medium in which she could highlight the struggle of women. Thus, her journalism from that period was full of tales of female pilots, business women and suffragettes – all cleverly couched in sparkling prose that belied a crackling wit at all times.

In addition to having her New York World (magazine section) column syndicated – popping up regularly in the far flung Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette in Indiana, for example – Norah also wrote freelance articles for such prestigious titles as The Boston Globe. Indeed, one of Norah's most interesting articles from this period is a personal take on the recently arrested Countess Markievicz for this newspaper. Her sympathy with the Countess is hardly surprising, given her own interest in the independence and civic participation of women, as well as the clear sympathies that her family had for the nationalist movement.

(Indeed, in 1920 Norah's brother, Patrick Meade, was convicted by the British for possession of a bomb and unlawful assembly in the Dublin mountains. He served 18 months, spread between Liverpool prison and Belfast gaol (where he was given permission to marry his fiancé in the gaol chapel). A gifted mathematician and scholar, Patrick went on to become the County Surveyor for Tipperary in later years and when he died, on Christmas Eve of 1951, his funeral received a full guard of honour by the local old IRA).

In 1916, while war raged on in Europe, somebody arrived in New York that was to change Norah's life and who became her travel companion for adventures that few people of the day would willingly have embarked upon.

Austin Patrick Corcoran was born in Cork in 1890. There is some evidence to suggest that his father died while he was young, as his mother married an Edward Boyd (a name Austin did not retain in adulthood) and the three of them were living in Penzance, Cornwall by the early part of the 20th century. Nobody is quite sure how or why Austin retained his contacts with the Cork of his birth or of what education he received, but what is clear is that on the 29th November, 1916, Austin Patrick Corcoran arrived at Ellis Island, and the address he listed was for Sheila Meade in Manhattan.

Austin Patrick was a soldier in the British Army, serving as a despatch rider on the western front from 1914-1916. He published a highly romanticized account of his time in the service in 1919, called, ‘The Daredevil of the Army'. This book not only charts his journey through the hellish landscapes of WWI, during which time he was repeatedly wounded, but also refers to a pre-war life of adventure, referring as he does to having "sailed round the world twice", hunted in Africa and worked as a rancher in Bolivia.

When he came to stay with the Meades in the autumn of 1916, he had listed Sheila Meade as a cousin. It is not known if this was done for the sake of immigrant regulations or if it was actually true. Regardless, whether they were already acquainted – perhaps from college days in Dublin, or as childhood cousins – a whirlwind romance quickly bloomed between Norah and Austin, culminating in their marriage – just 6 weeks later, on the 17th January, 1917 – of Austin and Norah. With no children of their own to worry about, and with the war over, Norah and Austin – both of whom had continued to work as writers / journalists (with Austin making brief forays into working as a salesman) – made a life changing decision to travel to Revolutionary Russia in 1921. They both joined Herbert Hoover's American Relief Administration (ARA), a pioneering humanitarian charity that had received (unlikely) permission from the Bolsheviks to dispense food and other necessities in Russia during the famine of 1921.

Little is known so far about their movements in Russia during that period (although it seems they were there for several months, until such time as Austin contracted cholera). Norah wrote about her time in Russia for the New York Times, and indeed she continued to specialize in literary criticism related to Russia, for such publications as The Nation. Attempts are currently being made to acquire a copy of a report entitled ‘Trip to Berlin' that Norah filed for the ARA and which is now held in the Hoover Institute archive in Stanford University.

The 1920's were a dizzying blur of transatlantic activity for Norah and Austin. Ample records exist to show that they both criss-crossed the ocean repeatedly throughout the decade, with Austin basing himself in New York and Norah spending several years in London (during which time she continued to practice journalism whilst also working in public relations, including for the ARA). Following a trip (purpose unknown) to Bermuda in the spring of 1928 however, Austin contracted pneumonia and finally succumbed to his condition in March of that year. He was buried in Calvary Cemetery, in Queens.

Norah, still splitting the years between New York and London, continued to write through the following years. During this period Norah also helped to establish the national news bureau of the Girl Scouts of the United States, for which she served as associate director from 1929 to 1937. From then until 1942 she was a feature writer for various Catholic charities in the United States (while also continuing with her freelance book reviews etc), and then she worked in the public relations field for the National Council of the Young Women's Christian Association, in the United States. In failing health she eventually returned to Dublin in 1952, where she continued her journalistic career (making at least two broadcasts for Radio Eireann in the spring of 1953, one of which was titled, ‘Newspaper Work in New York: Talk by Norah Meade Corcoran').

Norah died in Grangegorman on the 23rd January, 1954. She was buried in an unmarked single grave in Glasnevin, close to the grand circle area. Her relatives have only recently rediscovered the location of her plot and are intending to erect a suitable gravestone to commemorate her life.

The gravestone will simply read: "Norah Meade Corcoran – Writer and Humanitarian, RIP'.

Visit Austin Patrick Corcoran's memorial by following the link below... Family links: Spouse: Austin Patrick Corcoran (1890 - 1928) Burial: Glasnevin Cemetery Dublin County Dublin, Ireland Plot: AD, 27.5, SOUTH Created by: tempelton Record added: Jan 21, 2011


 * Katherine Purdon

Purdon, Katherine Frances (1852–1920), author, was born at Hotwell, near Enfield, Co. Meath, second daughter ...


 * https://books.google.ie/books?id=-7MgCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=Katherine+Purdon+writer&source=bl&ots=lh1n7CEkze&sig=nL4aqRoCB1Mr-DgJe9QpkuDHQ-Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwizi8iznJPLAhVI0w4KHdWXAcYQ6AEIHjAA#v=onepage&q=Katherine%20Purdon%20writer&f=false
 * https://books.google.ie/books?id=JBwDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA370&lpg=PA370&dq=Katherine+Purdon+writer&source=bl&ots=IsAoMewRxO&sig=KxKe-vRrn1mV7twHmCwFl0xS0Zo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwizi8iznJPLAhVI0w4KHdWXAcYQ6AEILDAE#v=onepage&q=Katherine%20Purdon%20writer&f=false
 * https://thedublinreview.com/not-guilty/
 * The Folk of Furry Farm: the Romance of an Irish Village K.F Purdon Published by G.P. Putnam's Sons, Knickerbocker Press, New York (1914)
 * http://www.bathspa.ac.uk/our-people/B.Griffin

Candle and Crib 1920 (Abbey) | Abbey Archives | Abbey Theatre - Amharclann na Mainistreach Coaching Press Careers Technical Casting People Your Visit How To Book FAQs How To Find Us Food Drink Our Venues Accessibility Venue Hire Gift Vouchers Literary NPP blog on workshop 3 NPP blog1 Abbey Theatre presents the New Playwrights Programme 2011 What We Do Writer in Association Award Submitting a Script Engage Learn The Abbey Talks Workshops Resource Packs Backstage Tours Matinee Club Volunteering Support The Abbey 110th Anniversary Campaign Membership Donations Legacy Search Archives Plays People Characters Year Home Productions Candle and Crib 1920 Abbey Candle and Crib 1920 Abbey by Katherine Frances Purdon Opening Night Monday 27 December 1920 Number of Performances 8 Monday to Saturday evening performances Monday and Saturday matinees This play was one of two plays produced on these nights The other play was The Suburban Groove Venues Abbey Theatre Abbey Street Dublin Ireland Start Date Monday 27 December 1920 End Date Saturday 1 January 1921 Cast Creative Hayden Christine Actor as Mrs Moloney Murphy Gertrude Actor as Delia Moloney Nolan Peter Actor as Michael Moloney Quinn Tony Actor as Art Moloney Images Posters 0 No items Video Audio 0 No items The online archive is a work in progress The information in the database http://www.abbeytheatre.ie/archives/production_detail/930 (2011-08-02)
 * CANDLE & CRIB Author Frances Purdon, Katherine Publisher ST PAUL PRISBN 9781505285727

Dinny of the doorstep / by K.F. Purdon. http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000285127 Main Creator: Purdon, Katherine Frances, 1852-1920 BOOKPublished / Created: Dublin : Phoenix Publishing Co., [1918?] The Irish Revival Reappraised Betsey Taylor FitzSimon, James H. Murphy Four Courts Press, 2004 - History - 236 pages

http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/19th-november-1910/60/the-fortunes-of-not-by-k-f-purdon-t-nelson LF01-13 K.F. Purdon, Author : http://www.dublincity.ie/image/libraries/lf01-13-kf-purdon?language=en

Pictured here is K.F. Purdon, author of "The Folk of Furry Farm" and "Song of the Lark". Another published author in The Lady of the House periodical during the 20th century, here she is sporting a Tudor-collared black frock. Over the frock, she has a floor-length, capped-sleeve jacket in a light grey cloth. Placed elegantly over her shoulders, her attire is finished with a white sheer scarf, which is fringed at the bottom.


 * 1) M.A. Rathkyle
 * 2) m hamilton
 * Margaret Dobbs

Margaret Dobbs

(This may be a different "Dobbs." The Dobbs who is involved with Feis is (1871-1962). (source - No- I just forgot to delete the data from the page I used initially when I started writing it up)

Dobbs was from Cushendall. She was involved with the Feis na nGleann.

Source:



She was born on the 19th of November, 1871. Her father Conway Edward Dobbs was a J.P., for County Antrim, High Sheriff for Carrickfergus (an Assize town) in 1875 and High Sheriff for County Louth in 1882. The Carrickfergus appointment was due to a long family association with the town. In 1690, Margaret’s family lived in Dublin then the undisputed capital of an undivided Ireland but she was soon to learn that it was an English city. In 1866, she expressed the desire to learn the Irish language. Her parents did not object. When Conway Dobbs died in 1898 Sarah and the children moved permanently to Glenariffe. Margaret was twenty-seven. Margaret found in the quiet of the Glens what had been drowned out in the bustle of Dublin, spoken Irish. More importantly she found others of her faith who shared her love of the language and scholars like Hugh Flatley the Mayo Schoolmaster who were prepared to teach it. 1904 as the year in which the Abbey Theatre was founded, the Glens remembered it as the year of the ‘Big Feis’. Look at our society’s book ‘Oh, Maybe it was Yesterday’ and you’ll see a photograph of the great Feis procession and up front Miss Margaret Emmeline Dobbs for whom life was only beginning. A member of the Feis committee from the start and later a tireless literary secretary, her Dobbs scholarship to a Gaeltacht College was the most coveted award in the literary section for many years. Margaret who went off to the Irish College at Cloughaneely in the Donegal Gaeltacht. Often she would recall the hardships encountered by teachers and students in those primitive days. She became treasurer of the summer school and brought back to the Glens of Antrim the message from the Gaeltacht: know your own language. Protestant There is an unfortunate inclination to link the language with Catholics only but when Margaret Dobbs was spreading her gospel in the Glens she gathered around her a group of ladies from well-known Protestant families, names like, Young, Hutton, McNaughten, Richardson, who shared her zeal for the spread of the Language. One of them Rose Young is worth more than a passing reference such as this. Ostracised by her family because of her pro-Irish views she came to live with Margaret Dobbs at Portnagolan, Cushendall and died there in 1947. She compiled an anthology of Irish verse with the help of Douglas Hyde, the first president of the Gaelic league and the first President of the Republic of Ireland. Rose Young is buried in the Presbyterian churchyard at Ahoghill, Co. Antrim. I turned up at a Feis programme of 1930 to find Margaret Dobbs and Ada MacNeill on the committee and Rose Young with one J. Humbert Craig judging the arts and crafts exhibition. She went on to say: ‘Ireland is a closed book to those who do not know her language. No one can know Ireland properly until one knows the language. Her treasures are hidden as a book unopened. Open the book and learn to love your language’. Playwriting occupied a decade or more of her life prior to 1921. In all she wrote seven plays, three of which were publicly performed though one only was produced outside the Glens – ‘The Doctor and Mrs McAuley’ which won the Warden trophy for one-act plays at Belfast festival in 1913. Her plays were published by Dundalgan Press in 1920. In the Glens they were performed in what she described as a hayloft turned into a hall at the rear of the Glens of Antrim Hotel in Cushendall. One player appeared in all three plays. Dan McMullan the tailor of whom Lynn Doyle wrote in the December 1931 issue of ‘The Glensman’. ‘There was a great comic actor lost to the world in Dan, to all the world that is but Cushendall’. Nicolas Crommelin brother of the afore-mentioned Constance appeared in two plays. By far the most interesting play was never performed – shades of Francis the Incorruptible. It was entitled ‘A man and a brother’. Described as of three acts it ran to only 36 pages and must have been the fastest three act play in theatrical history. Miss Dobbs gave as her reason for its non-performance ‘fear of political misunderstanding’. When she sent the draft to Masefield he described it as the best constructed of her plays but added a prophetic note – the letter was dated 3rd January 1921: ‘I hope that we may see it acted, but I think the Irish world will change so soon and so much that it will be old-fashioned before we come over. However you would not mind that I’m sure’. Masefield knew her mind better than most, for the change that was to come was what she and others had dreamed of for years – Casement’s dream, Hyde’s dream and the dream of that fierce Republican Ada MacNeill of whom Pat McCormick, was to say, ‘Miss Ada’s alright, alright all the way’. But Margaret was not so politically outspoken as Miss Ada and she was probably satisfied to see the play in print.

Though she worked hard for ten years at her craft she failed as a playwright. after 1920 she never wrote another line for theatre. In the end Masefield quietly got his way. Her main interest she gave as research work in historical and archaeological matters. She had articles published in the Ulster Journal of Archaeology, in a German magazine for Celtic studies, in the French ‘Revue Cletique’and in the Irish magazine ‘Eriu’.

One in 1939 was a lengthy look at the Ui Dercu Cein a section of the Cruitne, the Picts of Dalriada and traced their development from about 500 AD till around 1030 Ad. In 1950 she was writing about the name Dalriada linking the name with a race of horse breakers and riders claiming descent from Conall Cearnach of Táin fame of whom it was said…so she noted ‘He was the third who rode a single horse first in Eire’. An article in Vol. 19 in 1956 looks at Lough Neagh and the traditions concerning it and shows careful research of genealogical tracts in Laud 610 (Bodlian Library) and to make easier reading of a transcript quoted she gives the English translation of a number of Gaelic names of people and places. Speaking of Casement she said: “Roger was my friend. He used to stay here weekends after his return, almost broken in health, from Putamayo.” (It was Casement’s exposure of the conditions under which the natives worked in this Belgian Colony, which earned him his Knighthood.) But because she kept her politics to herself we can only guess. Yet when Casement was arrested and charged with treason this lady from a more than loyal home did not disown him. When asked if it was true that she had contributed to his defence costs she replied without hestitaion: “Of course its true. Roger was my friend’. She played organ in the Parish Church in Cushendall while it lay within her power. Love of music and opera took her south and she was a regular at the far-away Wexford Festival. She read and researched. Like many other ladies she was in the Women’s Institute. http://antrimhistory.net/margaret-dobbs/


 * Pauline Prochazka

possible relations - http://search.library.utoronto.ca/details?1517798 - author: Procházka, Ottokar, Freiherr von, 1811-1885. added author: Procházka, Leopoldine Henrika, Freiherrin, 1821-1889. title: Revelations of Hungary, or, Leaves from the diary of an Austrian officer who served during the late campaign in that country / by the Baron Prochazka ; with a memoir of Kossuth. imprint: London : W. Shoberl, 1851. general note: Caption title: The campaign in Hungary.Preface signed: L.H.P. [i.e. Leopoldine Henrika Prochakza]

Title The Abduction, Or, The Marvels of Mesmerism Author Leopoldine Henrika Procházka (Freiherrin) Publisher W. Shoberl, 1850

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