User:Ark25/Lists

Science and technology without formal education
Inventors:
 * Benjamin Franklin (1706 - 1790) - his schooling ended when he was ten
 * James Watt (1716 - 1819) - self educated
 * William Herschel (1738 – 1822) - the musician who discovered the Planet Uranus
 * Michael Faraday (1791 – 1867) - although receiving little formal education, he was one of the most influential scientists in history
 * William Bullock (1813 – 1867) - in his youth, he worked with his brother as a machinist and iron-founder
 * Alfred Nobel (1833 - 1896) - didn't have secondary and tertiary level education
 * Elisha Gray (1835 - 1901) spent several years at Oberlin College but did not graduate
 * Thomas Edison (1847 - 1931) - three months of official schooling, self educated
 * Nikola Tesla (1856 - 1943) - attend lectures at the university, although, as an auditor, he did not receive grades for the courses
 * Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (1857 – 1935) - the father of spaceflight - he was not admitted to elementary schools because of his hearing problem, so he was self-taught
 * Frank Shuman (1862 - 1918) - had very little formal education
 * Jack Parsons (1914 - 1952) - dropped out after a term at the Pasadena Junior College
 * Edmond Albius - in 1841, Albius, a slave who lived on the French island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean, discovered at the age of 12 that the plant could be hand-pollinated. Hand-pollination allowed global cultivation of the vanilla plant
 * John Ericsson (1803 – 1889) -
 * Henry Ford (1863 – 1947) -
 * Elizabeth Holmes (businesswoman) (b. 1984)

Scientists:
 * Antoine Lavoisier (1743 – 1794) - the chemist with a law degree
 * Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887 – 1920) - an Indian mathematician and autodidact who, with almost no formal training in pure mathematics, made extraordinary contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions.

IT:
 * Steve Jobs dropped out of college after six months
 * Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard University

Writers:
 * Mark Twain
 * William Shakespeare

See also:
 * List of autodidacts
 * http://www.cracked.com/article_19248_6-uneducated-amateurs-whose-genius-changed-world.html
 * http://www.buzzfeed.com/suits/very-successful-people-without-a-college-degree
 * http://www.tampabay.com/news/humaninterest/qampa-many-successful-people-had-little-or-no-formal-education--qampa-many/1116224

Inventions without patents

 * John Walker (1781 – 1859) - invented the friction match
 * Benjamin Franklin

Scientists, artists and sportspeople who lived or died in poverty

 * Nikola Tesla
 * Antonio Meucci
 * Gutenberg
 * Socrates


 * Arts
 * Vincent van Gogh
 * Mathew Brady
 * Joseph Gandy
 * Stephen Foster
 * Veronica Lake, Bela Lugosi, Hedy Lamarr, Gary Coleman, Sammy Davis Jr., Judy Garland, Michael Jackson -


 * Literature
 * Edgar Allen Poe
 * Oscar Wilde
 * Herman Melville


 * Sports
 * Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais
 * Curt von Bardeleben threw himself out of the second floor window of his boarding home in Berlin. He was living in extreme poverty at the time. Lionel Kieseritzky died penniless at a charity hospital (La Charite) for the insane in Paris -
 * Joe Louis

Unknowns in Science

 * Astrophysical jet - it is still mostly a mystery to physicists how jets are formed and powered
 * Nebular hypothesis - The formation of planetesimals is the biggest unsolved problem in the Nebular Disk Model. How 1 cm sized particles coalesce into 1 km planetesimals is a mystery. The formation of giant planets is another unsolved problem.