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Remote Working Management Practices
Remote work is a flexible working arrangement adapted by companies to facilitate employees from locations other than corporate offices. The history of remote working can be dated back to 1973, long before Skype and Zoom Call, when Jack Nilles coined the term telecommuting. In the 21st century, digitization and, recently, COVID-19 made it an emerging trend.

History of Remote working
The term telecommuting introduced by Jack Nilles laid the foundation for remote working and IBM was the first company to carry remote working. At the beginning of 21st century the advancement in telecommunication technologies and internet paved the way for remote working but the trends were not significant. Later on, rise of technology firms forced this trend and Covid-19 pandemic eventually given rise to this trend.

Remote Working and Management Practices
Technology firms provided a strong base for transition and this forced various other businesses to integrate remote working within their operations. This led businesses to bring radical changes within management practices. Covid-19 acted as a catalyst in this situation by turning working environment upside down. Issues related to performance management, employee’s relation, workforce productivity, teamwork, working hours etc. All these issues were important from managerial aspects and there was a need of quick change within management practices.

External factors
There were some important external factors that contributed positively for this emerging trend. Flexible Working Regulations 2014 has given the remote working a legal identity. For remote working government also made changes within Employment Rights Act 1996. Economic benefits were obvious and employers were also looking to save costs during Covid-19 pandemic and this offered them a greater opportunity to run business operations with minimum costs. Social effects are more important than any other factor because Millennial and Generation Z are tech-savvy than any other generation and they want to work from home without spending their time in travelling. Development in modern technology helped in setting up digital workplaces remotely from corporate offices. Mobile and computer based applications like Zoom and Skype increased the overall collaboration among team members and employers.

Sustainability of remote working
There is a long debate about the future of remote working. Most of the professional expect that it is a new normal but it is restricting inclusion and diversity. Border-less remote working can be very effective and challenging from management perspective. Post pandemic surveys reveal that 60% of the global businesses are focusing on remote working while total 16% of the global workforce is on remote working.

Important Statistics about remote working

 * 16% of the businesses are remote working at a global level.
 * 62% of workers like to work remotely.
 * 44% of the companies do not allow remote working.
 * Meeting calls have increased by 50% since Covid-19.
 * Workers are saving an average of $500 per month from remote working.
 * 59% of respondents will choose an employer offering remote working.