User:Ashwyn lesch/WikiProjectCards/WikiProject Medicine

Anatomy of the human body Skeletal system The skeletal system consists of the following: Calf bone(fibula), Carpals(wrist bones), Cheek bone(zygomatic bone), Clavicle(collar bone), Coccyx, Femur(thighbone), Fibula(calf bone), Phalanges(finger bones), Frontal bone, Metacarpals(hand bones), Hipbone, Ilium, Ischium, Pubis, humerus, Mandible jawbone (lower), Maxilla jawbone (upper), Kneecap (patella), Nasal bone, Occipital bone, Parietal bone, Radius, Ribs, Sacrum, Scapula(shoulder blade), Shinbone(tibia), Sphenoid bone, Spinal column (vertebrae), Sternum (breastbone), Teeth, Temporal bone, Ulna,

Muscular system The muscular system consists of the following: Abdominal oblique (external), Abductor pollicis Longus, Adductor Longus, Biceps, Brachiordials, Deltoid, Extensor pollicis brevis, Frontal muscle, Gastrocnemius, Gracilis, Masseter, Orbicularis oris, Orbicularis oculi, Pectineus, Pectoralis major, Rectus abdominus, Rectus femoris, Sartorius, Serratus anterior, Sternocleidomastoid, Sternohyoid, Temporal muscle, Tensor fascias latae, Trapezius, Triceps, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medicals

Digestive system The digestive system consists of the following: Appendix (vermiform), Esophagus, Gall bladder, Large intestine, Small intestine, Liver, Mouth, Pharynx, Rectum, Salivory glands, Stomach

Respiratory system The respiratory system consists of the following: Bronchus, Diaphragm, Larynx, Lungs, Trachea

Circulatory system The circulatory system consists of the following: Heart, Arteries, Aorta, Axillary, Brachial, Common carotid, External carotid, Internal carotid, Coronary artery, Femoral, Common illiac, External illiac, Pulmonary artery, Radial, Renal, Subclavian artery, Superficial temporal, Superior thyroid, Ulnar, Veins: Brachial vein, Cephalic vein, Femoral vein, Jugular, Pulmonary vein, Renal vein, Great saphenous vein Subclavian vein Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava

Urinary system The urinary system consists of the following: Bladder Kidneys Ureter Urethra

Endocrine system The endocrine system consists of the following: Adrenal gland Ovary Pancreas Pineal gland Testicles Thymus Thyroid gland

Nervous system The nervous system consists of the following: Brain Cerebellum Cerebrum Pans Femoral nerve Median nerve Pons Sciatic nerve Spinal cord Spinal nerves (31 pairs) Ulnar nerve

The blood consists of a liquid and three other kinds of solid particles called formed elements The liquid which makes up 55 to 65 percent of the total volume of blood is known as plasma it carries many important sunstances. The food that enters the blood from the intestines and liver dissolves in the plasma, much as sugar dissolves In water. The plasma transports the dissolved food throughout the body. Many of the wastes that the blood picks up from the body tissues are carried in the plasma. These wastes include ammonia, urea and much of the carbon dioxide. The formed elements in blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues they also carry some of the carbon dioxide from the tissues while white blood cells protect the body from diseases these cells attack Bacteria, viruses,poisons and other harmful substances. Platelets are dislike structures that help prevent bleeding from damaged blood vessels together with various proteins in the plasma, platelets seals broken vessels by forming a clot.

The lymphatic system consists of a network of tubes that carries a clear watery fluid called lymph. Lymph comes from the blood and returns to it water protiens and dissolved food leave the blood through the capillary walls. This interstitial fluid bathes and nourishes the cells of the body tissues. It then drains Into tiny, open ended tubes called lymphatic vessels. At this point, fluid is known as lymph. The lymph flows through the small tubes into larger and larger lymphatic vessels, these bead-like structures produce many white blood cells, which filters harmful substances out of the lymph eventually,all the lymph flows into either the thoracic duct or the right lymphatic duct. The lymph drains from these ducts into veins near the neck and so rejoins the blood.

The urinary system. The urinary system removes various wastes from the body the chief organs of this system are the kidneys each kidney has about a million microscopic filtering units called nephrons. As blood passes through a nephron a complicated network of capillaries and tubes filters out a small amount of water together with urea, sodium chloride and certain other wastes. This filtered out material forms a yellowish fluid called urine. Two tubes called the ureter carry unrine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, a hallow storage organ. Urine eventually is squeezed out of the bladder by muscular contractions it then leaves the body through a tube known as the urethra.

The reproductive system. The reproductive system enables men and woman to have children human being reproduce sexually. A new human being begins to grow after a sex cell produced by the father unites with the sex cell produced by the mother, the male sex cells are called sperm and the mothers called eggs the union of a sperm and a egg results in fertilization. The male reproductive system includes two testicles which hang between the legs in a pouch called the scrotum the testicles are the glands that produce sperm, the sperm travels through tubes to the penis an organ Infront of the scrotum Most of the females reproductive system lies deep within the body are two glands called ovaries each of which contains hundreds of eggs about once a month one of the ovaries release an egg the egg the travels down the fallopian tube the female body has two fallopian tubes one leading from each ovary the fallopian tubes open into the top of the uterus a hallow muscular organ the other end leads to a canal called the vagina

During sexual intercourse sperm enters the vagina each sperm has a tiny tail and can swim the sperm swims directly to the uterus and into the fallopian tubes if a sperm is present it may fertilize it. The fertilised egg cell continues its journey to the uterus where it becomes attached to the wall of the organ the cell divides over and over forming a developing baby soon a complex organ forms the placenta obtains food a d oxygen from the mothers blood stream after a course of nine months the baby would be matured enough to be conceived by powerful contractions.

The endocrine system. The endocrine system consists of glands that regulates various bodily functions. The endocrine glands control body functions by producing hormones, these chemicals are released into the blood which carries them throughout the body.hormones act as chemical messengers. After after a hormone reaches the organs of tissues it triggers certain actions many hormones have wide spread effects. for example: the hormone insulin causes cells throughout the body to take in and use glucose from the blood stream.

The chief endocrine glands includes the adrenal glands, the pituitary gland, the parathyroid gland, the sex gland, and the thyroid gland the brain,the kidneys the stomach and the pancreas also have endocrine tissues and produce hormones. The pituitary gland which lies near the base of the brain is often called the master gland it releases hormones which in turn regulates other endocrine glands, however, the pituitary itself is controlled by hormones produced by the hypothalamus, a part of the bran, the hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine control systems. The body also has glands that do not produce hormones these exocrine glands make chemicals that performs specific jobs in the area where they are released major exocrine products include the digestive juices, mucas, sweat and tears.

The nervous system. The nervous system regulates and coordinates the activities of all the other systems of the body it enables the body to adjust to changes that occur within itself a d surroundings. The nervous system is made up of countless nerve cells,or nuerons the nuerons form a communications network that extends to every part of the body. The nervous system has three main divisions (1) the central nervous system, (2) the peripheral nervous system which includes the ears, eyes, mouth, nose, tongue and other sense organs;and (3) the automatic nervous system.