User:Ashzhibas/Crib

Crib (Zhargy. spur) — a carrier of information used in exams, tests, examinations and other tests of knowledge in order to spy or write off what the subject had to remember.

Etymology
The origin of the word crib associated with school communication, Cribs in the plural: "unnecessary things, junk, junk." In the dictionary M. Fasmer indicates his relationship with the humorous Ukrainian word shpargal — "old, scribbled paper." Through Polish: szparga "old scribbled paper" (known from the XVII century.), perhaps from the Latin word sparganum "diaper", which comes from Greek. σπάργανον (sparganon), denoting the same.

The consequences of the use
The use of Cribs is officially prohibited. Upon detection, the student is usually removed from the exam with an unsatisfactory grade. The severity of the punishment varies from institution to institution and often depends on the traditions of the country and the loyalty of the examiner. Ada Baskina in her book reported the following information: Template:the Beginning of a quote At a reputable University of Chicago happened emergency. Five students were expelled at once — for the use of Cribs on the written exam. Two for writing them, three for using them. All five are immigrants from Russia. The order of the rector of the offence as "unacceptable deception, fraud, is incompatible with the morality of the University." Themselves the poor fellow-students explained their behaviour "in a special Russian mentality".Template:End of quoteIn a solid University of Chicago there was an emergency. Five students were expelled at once — for the use of Cribs on the written exam. Two for writing them, three for using them. All five are immigrants from Russia. The order of the rector of the offence as "unacceptable deception, fraud, is incompatible with the morality of the University." Themselves the poor fellow-students explained their behaviour "in a special Russian mentality".— «Скажите «чи-и-из! »: Как живут современные американцы», Ада Баскина At the same time, in some cases, the exam is allowed to use a summary or textbook — for example, if it is a scientific discipline with a complex mathematical apparatus, difficult to remember. In this case, students ' understanding of the material and their knowledge of the basic concepts and formulas (with the help of additional questions) is checked.

Crib types
Roll — a more advanced version of the "accordion". In contrast, after recording the paper tape is not folded, and tightly twisted around a pencil, pen rod, etc.; after that, the handle is pulled out, and the resulting roll retains its shape and elasticity. The drawback — this option is difficult to deploy without attracting attention. Advantage — after reviewing the term, simply release the end of the tape, and it quickly and quietly enough to curl into a roll.


 * Bomb (crocodile) — sheet with the solved examination task, made in advance. After receiving the ticket examinee, seizing the moment, pulls out of the pack "bombs" the one that corresponds to the ticket number and passes it as written during the exam. Sometimes the bomb is made in the form of a "clean slate" — the text is written ending with a ballpoint pen and outlined the dents on the sheet already in place.


 * Archive — printed in very small print crib. As a "carrier" are most often used sheets from a notebook in a cage (the small font is not allocated).
 * Wiki-cheat sheet, sloth — a selection of printed articles from Wikipedia according to the words found in the list of questions for the exam. As a rule, is prepared in the absence of time for writing bomb. Also under the Wiki-crib mean peeping information directly from the web page through a mobile phone or other portable device. This method allows you to search for information on the go, without preparing it in advance. However, due to the spread of mobile phones among students, many schools and universities have introduced rules prohibiting to carry such devices during exams, and some universities during exams block cellular communication.
 * Accordion — a relatively narrow elongated paper tape with a brief content of the material and the basic terms. After recording it is folded in equal parts across, like an accordion. The advantage of this method is small size and relative invisibility when folded. Disadvantages — noise and visibility in the unfolded form, crib quite clearly rustling while taking it out of your pocket, and the larger the "accordion", the harder and slower to hide it back.
 * Roll — a more advanced version of the "accordion". In contrast, after recording the paper tape is not folded, and tightly twisted around a pencil, pen rod, etc.; after that, the handle is pulled out, and the resulting roll retains its shape and elasticity. The drawback — this option is difficult to deploy without attracting attention. Advantage — after reviewing the term, simply release the end of the tape, and it quickly and quietly enough to curl into a roll.

Pluses of Crib
Very often, students who wrote a large number of Cribs, could not use them, but with great success still answered in their memory. "Fault" of this "paradox" is mnemonic memory of the person.

Resource materials
In a broader sense, especially in the English-speaking environment, the expression "cheat sheet" is applied to short, one-two pages, reference materials, in particular relating to mathematical and chemical formulas used in programming commands, keyboard shortcuts, etc.