User:AsiahHimawan/Health system

Health System Goals:


 * 1) Health: The defining goal for a health system is to improve the health of the population which should reflect the health of individuals throughout their lives and take into account both premature mortality and non-fatal health outcomes, like disability, as key components. The best attainable average level of the health of the population (or goodness) as well as the smallest feasible differences in health among individuals and groups (or fairness) must be considered. A gain in either one with no change in the other constitutes an improvement, though the two may be in conflict.
 * 2) Responsiveness: A health system must respond to the expectations of the population with goodness and fairness. In this context, goodness means the system responds well on average to the expectations of the population and fairness means the system responds equally well to everyone. Note that responsiveness excludes health expectations of the public, as this would be a reflection of the first goal, but rather response to non-health aspects. This can be divided into two parts which includes aspects of interactions between individuals and the health system when dealing with:
 * 3) * ethical dimensions (or respect for persons), such as individual autonomy and confidentiality, and
 * 4) * dimensions of consumer satisfaction (or client orientation), such as prompt attention to health needs, access to social support networks, basic amenities, and choice of institution and individual providing care.
 * 5) Financial contribution: The fairness of the financial contribution is most important when it comes to assessing the cost of a health system. There is no overall goodness in financial contribution, seeing how raising the resources for a health system is more or less good, but fair financing is the driving force of this objective and is concerned with the overall distribution of financial burden. It is unambiguously preferable to have better health and better responsiveness, but it is not necessarily better to spend more on health since the additional gain in health for every extra amount spent may be little or close to nothing. It is a social choice with no particularly right answer to how much should be spent on a health system. There are some basic points:
 * 6) * Households should not become impoverish or pay an excessive share of their income in obtaining needed health care which requires an important degree of financial risk pooling.
 * 7) * Contribution to the health system should reflect the difference in disposable income between the rich and the poor (ie: poor households pay less than rich households, with cases of very poor households having no payment).