User:Asteep1/sandbox

Article 1: Werner Kurz
Corrected plagiarism:

On the Werner Kurz article, there were two sentences that were directly plagiarized from his employee page. I changed up both so they were no longer the same. Changed "His research focuses on the impacts of natural disturbances, forest management and land-use change on forest carbon budgets." to "Currently, his research focuses on using forest land to its maximum carbon efficiency, reducing the impact of natural disasters, and managing forests." Also changed "leads the development of a National Forest Carbon Accounting System for Canada" to "He is leading the development of an accounting system to assess potential climate change known as the National Forest Carbon Accounting System for Canada." Also, I added a new section on mountain pine beetles since that is his current area of research.

Added new section:

Mountain Pine Beetles[edit | edit source][edit | edit source]
One subject of Kurz's research is the effect of mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) on forest ecosystems. His most recent research into this topic is the recent outbreak of mountain pine beetles in the forests of British Columbia. Due to the warmer climate of recent years, the beetles have been able to get to higher latitudes and have less die off during the winter. This has resulted in the largest-ever recorded outbreak of this insect.[2] More than 32 million acres of forest have been killed by this outbreak since 2000. The beetle outbreak affects carbon dioxide emissions in two main ways. First, trees that are destroyed release carbon dioxide when they decompose which increases the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Second, fewer trees are healthy and able to pull greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere. Research done by Kurz and his team show that if a solution is not found by 2020 the beetles will have killed enough forest to equal five years of carbon dioxide emissions from all the automobiles in Canada. [3]

Added two new references: Added two new links: Also added hyperlinks to Werner Kurz, Canada's Pacific Forestry Centre, British Columbia, ad mountain pine beetles.
 * 1) Kurz, Werner. "Making The Paper: Werner Kurz." Nature 452.7190 (2008): x. Environment Index. Web. 14 Sept. 2016.
 * 2) Jump up^ Reebs, Stephan. "Six-Legged Agents of Change." Natural History 117.6(2008):14. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept.2016.
 * http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/science/scientists/1439
 * Werner Kurz on Climate Change(video)

Article 2: Lava Bench
To start off, I scanned the original article for plagiarism. To do this, I copied and pasted it into Google and other search engines. I then went sentence by sentence to see if any of the sentences were plagiarized. I found no evidence of plagiarism so I am leaving the original article as is, and I will just add my content. I added two more references and used more information from his original reference. The two references I added were: http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch/archive/2001/01_08_09.html and http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/news/113534CD0FF3D8D8?p=AWNB. I also added links to other wikipedia pages through hyperlinks on the following words: Hawaiian islands, Big Island and Kilauea volcano. I also added a link to a youtube video showing the collapse of the bench onto the word collapse. Stated what I did on the talk page and signed it.

Original: Lava Bench
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A lava bench is a volcanic landform with a horizontal surface raised above the level of the surrounding area. They are created when molten lava travels away from a volcanic vent and expands an old shoreline. If a newly formed lava bench rests on sediments, it may pose hazards due to its extremely unstable structure.[1].

Edited:Lava Bench
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A lava bench is a volcanic landform with a horizontal surface raised above the level of the surrounding area. They are created when molten lava travels away from a volcanic vent and expands an old shoreline. This is the process that creates new land in the ocean that life can eventually grow on. The Hawaiian islands are an example of land that was formed this way, and the Big Island is currently expanding due to lava benches. The Kilauea volcano releases lava that flows down the slope of the volcano and eventually encounters the ocean; this lava flow hardens when it comes into contact with the significantly cooler water of the ocean and forms an unstable lava bench. Eventually, when the material beneath the lava bench stabilizes, it becomes stable land that has been added to the island. If a newly formed lava bench rests on sediments, it may pose hazards due to its extremely unstable structure.[2] Often times, these benches are so unstable that they collapse into the sea, exposing the water to the hot lava on the interior of the bench and releasing acres of land into the ocean. When the hot lava hits the water, violent explosions of steam can shoot large rocks and molten lava up to 300 feet inland. These collapses are extremely dangerous because they can happen within seconds without warning, and anyone or anything on the bench will be caught in the collapse. For safety, people are advised not to walk on lava benches because of their unstable nature, and they must maintain a safe distance from the lava bench.

Article 3: 1965 Ceram Sea Earthquake
To begin,I searched each line of the original article for plagiarism. I found no plagiarism throughout the original article. Then, I began searching for information to add to the article. I added a section on what caused the earthquake and tsunami below his overview. In it, I included info about convergent boundaries, wave shoaling, how earthquakes cause tsunami, and why Indonesia is susceptible to this. I felt that this section is important because it did not explain how the tsunami was caused and why Indonesia has these disturbances. I added five new references to explain the science. They are footnotes 9-13 (on the article they are 6-10). Here are the links: (9) http://geology.com/nsta/convergent-plate-boundaries.shtml (10)https://earthweb.ess.washington.edu/tsunami/general/physics/earthquake.html (11) http://www.coastal.udel.edu/ngs/waves.html (12) http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/what-quotring-firequot (13)http://libezp.lib.lsu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsnbk&AN=11292CDA1725B860&site=eds-live&scope=site&profile=eds-main. I also added the External Links section for more research for whoever views the article. In addition, I added hyperlinks on the following words: tsunami, convergent plate boundary, subduction, wave shoaling, and Ring of Fire.

Article (before edits):
The 1965 Ceram Sea earthquake occurred on January 24, 1965 at 00:11 UTC with a moment magnitude of 8.2 and its epicenter was located just off the southwestern coast of Sanana Island in eastern Indonesia.[2][3] The event occurred at a depth of 28 kilometers under the Ceram Sea, and a tsunami was generated which caused damage in Sanana, Buru, and Mangole.[4] During the tsunami three consecutive run-ups were reported in Seram Island,[5] and a four-meter run-up was reported at Buru Island.[1]

A series of tremors were reported during the week leading up to the mainshock. The number of people reported dead was 71 and up to 3,000 buildings and a total of 14 bridges were destroyed by both the earthquake and tsunami on Sanana.[2]

Article (after edits)
The 1965 Ceram Sea earthquake occurred on January 24, 1965 at 00:11 UTC with a moment magnitude of 8.2 and its epicenter was located just off the southwestern coast of Sanana Island in eastern Indonesia. The event occurred at a depth of 28 kilometers under the Ceram Sea, and a tsunami was generated which caused damage in Sanana, Buru, and Mangole. During the tsunami three consecutive run-ups were reported in Seram Island, and a four-meter run-up was reported at Buru Island.

A series of tremors were reported during the week leading up to the mainshock. The number of people reported dead was 71 and up to 3,000 buildings and a total of 14 bridges were destroyed by both the earthquake and tsunami on Sanana.

Cause of Earthquake/Tsunami
The 1965 Ceram Sea earthquake was caused by a convergent plate boundary located near Indonesia. A convergent plate boundary is where a denser oceanic plate is forced under a continental plate in a process known as subduction. When the earthquake occurred, the plates shifted releasing massive amounts of energy and causing a large displacement of water. This water then moves very fast towards land until it approaches the shore, where wave shoaling builds up the height of the tsunami. This added height from the friction of the shoreline allows the wave to travel far inland wreaking havoc on communities. This tsunami, in combination with the earthquake, is responsible for the 71 deaths. Indonesia is especially susceptible to earthquakes and tsunamis in large part due to its proximity to the Ring of Fire, an area notable for high levels of seismic activity. Events such as tsunamis cause massive amounts of physical and economic damage to regions such as Indonesia.

Margaret Higgins Feedback
I think your acknowledgement of the plagiarism is good, but in the future I would just cite the plagiarized portions instead of editing them to sound different. The information, whether or not it is a direct quote, needs a citation so readers can find where you are getting the information from. I think your contribution to the article is fantastic though. It had some very interesting information on his current research on the Mountain Pine Beetles that I believe was important to include.