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Hamadan province is located in the western part of the country with an area of more than 19000 square kilometers. It is bounded on the north by the province of Zanjan, on the south by lorestan, on the east by the central province and on the west by Kermanshahan and Kurdistan. Hamadan is a beautiful highland covered with huge mountains and green slopes, farmlands, pastures, snow-capped peaks and fertile valleys under a blue sky. The highest and the most famous peak in Hamadan is Alvand with a height of 3574 meters and a legendary and historical fame no less than that of Damavand. Hamadan is a cold province with long winters where there is snow in the mountains for eight months of the year. This gives the province very mild summers and a green natural setting. Based on the latest statistical surveys the population of Hamadan province is about 1,650,000 people of various ethnic origins with their own special cultures and traditions. Almost all the population is muslim. In different areas they speak Persian, Turkish, Lori, Laki and Kurdish, however, all of them understand and speak Persian. The population of Hamadan province is distributed in the 6 cities of Hamadan (capital of the province), Malayer, Nahavand, Twiserkan, Kabudarahang and Assadabad as well as their various districts and villages. The occupation of city dwellers is either administrative or industrial services and in other parts of the province agriculture constitutes the people's main business. The capital city of the province is linked, by main roads, to Ghazvin, Tehran, kermanshahan (and the western parts of the country), Malayer, Borujerd (and the southern areas) and Saveh (and the country's centrnl regions). Let's begin the visit to Hamadan province from the historical city of Hamadan.

Hamadan is one of the oldest cities of not only Iran but of the world. Its historical origins date back to several centuries before Christ. Hamadan, which was the summer capital of the Median and Achaemenid was then called Ekbatan or Hegmataneh; meaning a place of assembly. Hamadan is one of the cradles of Oriental civilization with legendary background. According to historical records, there was once a castle in this city by the name of Haft Hessar (Seven Walls) which had a thousand rooms and its grandeur equalled that of the Babylon Tower. All the nations living around Iran coveted the prominent natural position of Hamadan from the times immemorial until recent centuries; and have invaded the city several times. First, the Assyrians destroyed Hamadan. It was ruined again and again during the invasion of Mongols and Tamerlane. Finally, in the recent centuries the Ottomans attacked the city several times; but Hamadan heroically stood against the enemies and courageously withstood all the losses it had sustained. Hamadan is the homeland of great scholars and men ot letters like Elnaighozat, Khajeh Rashidoddin Fazlollah, Adham Hamadani, Baba Taher Orian and Mirzadeh Eshghi; and the tombs of Avicenna and Baba Taher are located in this city. Hamadan has preserved its importance in the post-Islamic period.

The main cities of Hamadan province

Assadabad This highland city was the birth place of the militant clergy Seyed Jamaleddin Assadabadi who was an advocate of the Islamic solidarity movement. Assadabad is the site of Iran's telecommunications satellite establishments.

Kabudarahang Located 50 kilometers north of Hamadan, Kabudarahang is a water-rich agricultural zone whose development started a few years ago.

Twiserkan Twiserkan, located about 100 kilometers south of Hamadan, is the outcome of the merger of three old villages, namely Twi, Serkan and Meshkan. However, it was formerly called Roudlar. The latter was ruined in the invasion of Mongols and its people fled to those three villages. The ancient hills of Baba Kamal, Roudlar, Shahrestaneh, the remains of a Sassanid city in Velashjerd, the Seljuk Dome named after prophet Heighoogh, the Safavid Building of Sheikh Ah Khani School and the Qajar period indoor bazar, are all indicative of Twiserkan's historical background.

Assadabad This highland city was the birth place of the militant clergy Seyed Jamaleddin Assadabadi who was an advocate of the Islamic solidarity movement. Assadabad is the site of Iran's telecommunications satellite establishments.

Nahavand Located 150 kilometers south of Hamadan, Nahavand is an ancient and historical city. It was the site of the last war between the Iranian Sassanid troops and the Arab muslim warriors. There are still some remains of the ancient Nahavand on the slopes of a hill. Nahavand had been one of the ancient centres of the pre-Aryan tribes. The precious objects unearthed in Gian Hill region reveal that pre-historic civilized people with progressive arts and culture lived in this region. Meanwhile, Achaemenid and Sassanian remains have been found in Gara Chogha village in the vicinity of Nahavand. This city has old neighbourhoods with urban establishments to meet the people's requirements. It is a cold cit y with agricultural products like grains, fruits and famous handicrafts like rugs.

Malayer The highland city of Malayer is located about 90 kilometers southeast of Hamadan with mild temperature. Although it is a very old city, yet the present city which was formerly called Dowlatabad was built in the early Qajar period. It is a city significant from the commercial point of view as it is located on the way to Khuzestan. There are some caves like Darreh Farakh and Sardkouh as well as the remains of some old fortresses around this city. Malayer has urban and medical facilities as well as guest houses and parks.