User:BCharlie/sandbox

Peer Review
I think the addition of TV representation is great! I think adding how society portrays old people and sex is very intriguing, but I feel like this section could use a little more help. It may be hard to find more examples but I think the more examples you have, the better. Also, it may be beneficial to add the health drawbacks to older people not having sex would be important. Things like, maybe, how the lack of sex in older age can affect other medical conditions like depression, possibly. And finally, I feel like the Social Attitudes section could be expanded more. This section seemed pretty vague but I'm sure you are planning to add more. Society has a very distinct attitude towards old people having sex so this section should be fairly easy to write. Overall, your additions to the article have been very good. With a few minor adjustments, this article will be Wikipedia ready. Good luck!

Complete First Draft (shared from wikipage to my sandbox)
The term "sexuality" encompasses much more than just sexual practices.
 * Add to: Intro/Summary

"Sexuality in older age" concerns the sexual drive, sexual activity, interest, intimacy, self-esteem, behaviors, and overall sexuality of people in old age, and the social perceptions concerning sexuality in older age. Older people engage in a variety of sexual acts from time to time for a variety of reasons. Desire for intimacy does not disappear as you age, yet there are many restrictions placed on the elderly preventing sexual expressions and discouraging the fulfillment of sexual needs. Sexuality in older age is often seen as taboo, yet it is considered to be quite a healthy practice; however, this can affect how older individuals experience their sexuality. While the human body has some limits on the maximum age for reproduction, sexual activity can be performed or experienced well into the later years of life. It has been suggested that an active sex life can increase longevity among the elderly. Positive sexual health in older age is slowly becoming more of a common place idea with the steady increase in the percentage of the older population. This population percentage increase requires placing more attention on the needs of this age group, including their ideas on sexual health, desires, and attitudes. This shift in attitudes and behaviors has combined with medical advances to prolong a sexually active life and change the landscape of aging sexuality.
 * Health Benefits

Sexual health and expression reflects a physical, mental, and emotional need that affects individual health and intimacy quality for older couples’ relationships. Dr. Syme found that, "Having a sexual partnership, with frequent sexual expression, having a good quality sex life, and being interested in sex have been found to be positively associated with health among middle-aged and older adults."

There are a number of associated health benefits with practicing positive sexual health. Positive sexual health often acts as a de-stressor promoting increased relaxation. Researchers also report health benefits detailing decreased pain sensitivity, improved cardiovascular health, lower levels of depression, increased self-esteem, and better relationship satisfaction. There are already numerous health concerns linked primarily with aging, but when sex is added into consideration, this opens up discussion for many other related concerns. Sex and aging come with many challenges for our older population as well as their primary care providers. The task for these care providers is to accommodate to the changing needs of this older sexually active generation.
 * Health Risks and Education

Common health conditions hindering older adults are illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, degenerative and rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, cancer, kidney disease, and spinal cord injury. These conditions heavily impact individual sex lives. Separate from these are physical concerns related specifically to sexual health and bodily functions. Researchers gathered that, “the most common concerns for older adult men include erectile dysfunction and premature climax, and older adult women most commonly report lack of desire, problems with vaginal lubrication, sexual pain, and inability to reach orgasm.” Consideration of these aging-related health problems and sexual-related health problems together require primary care providers and professionals to be updated on the latest health findings and knowledgeable of patients’ needs and possible solutions.

A major problem with improving education and seeking solutions for aging sexual health risks is the lack of verbal discussion on these matters from older aged individuals. “Older adults often avoid seeking help for sexual concerns because of a lack of knowledge about their sexual problems, embarrassment or discomfort talking about sex, and stigma-related beliefs about older adults and sexuality in older age being inappropriate.”

Another major problem with improving education and seeking solutions for aging sexual health risks was found after researchers looked at the readiness and training of 777 physicians and 452 nurse practitioners from the American Medical Association Masterfile.

Researchers noted that amongst their representative sample there were reports of limited training in sexual health as a general topic. From this information, they assumed that “training that is specific to older patient’s sexual health is limited, if available at all.”

The purpose of the study was to test how knowledgeable U.S. primary care providers were on the topics of sexual health and sexuality in older age. The results of the study showcased that U.S. health care providers on average were less knowledgeable than U.S. graduate nursing students on the topics of sexual health and aging sexuality. In a comparison survey, it is also worth noting that they were reported less knowledgeable than Turkish physicians and U.S. OB/GYNs. However, the group reported to be even less knowledgeable on aging sexuality than U.S. primary care providers consisted of nursing home staffs and older adult care workers. Educated health providers are needed to educated the general public and older adults (active and inactive) on sexual health and healthy expression. The Netflix original, Grace and Frankie, features Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin as two elderly women recently divorced from their husbands seeking guidance through life with the help of each other. Not only does the show highlight their sexual quests and struggles with their new partners, it also mentions their new partnered business seeking venture to encourage personal, private intimacy for women their age. The "Ménage à Moi," as they have it named, is a vibrator targeting elderly women to use for sexual satisfaction, and the show features the struggles surrounding marketing such a product. Sex between elderly people is often treated as a taboo by society. Cultural norms dictated social opinions which painted older adults as being asexual creatures. This opinion was supported and replicated in the media by showing sex only being popular among youth. Syme, Maggie (2014). "The Evolving Concept of Older Adult Sexual Behavior and Its Benefits". Generations. 38(1): 35–41 – via DISCOVER.
 * Added to: Representation
 * Social Attitudes
 * Sources

Hughes, Anne (2015). "Aging Sexuality: Knowledge and Perceptions of Preparation Among U.S. Primary Care Providers". Journal Of Sex & Marital Therapy. 41(3): 304–313 – via DISCOVER.

Santos-Iglesias, Pablo (2016). "Sexual well-being of older men and women". Canadian Journal Of Human Sexuality. 25(2): 86–98 – via DISCOVER.

Draft your article
The term "sexuality" encompasses much more than just sexual practices. Title change: Sexual health after 60? Intimacy with the elderly? Sexual practices after middle age?
 * Add to: Intro/Summary

"New title" concerns the sexual drive, sexual activity and overall sexuality of people in old age, and the social perceptions concerning sexuality in older age. Older people engage in a variety of sexual acts from time to time for a variety of reasons. Desire for intimacy does not disappear as you age, yet there are many restrictions placed on the elderly preventing sexual expressions and discouraging the fulfillment of sexual needs. Sexuality in older age is often seen as taboo, yet it is considered to be quite a healthy practice; however, this can affect how older individuals experience their sexuality. While the human body has some limits on the maximum age for reproduction, sexual activity can be performed or experienced well into the later years of life.

** Brief explanation of why sexuality in older adults is on the radar, as it relates population group percentage increase** The Netflix original, Grace and Frankie, features Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin as two elderly women recently divorced from their husbands seeking guidance through life with the help of each other. Not only does the show highlight their sexual quests and struggles with their new partners, it also mentions their new partnered business seeking venture to encourage personal, private intimacy for women their age. The "Ménage à Moi," as they have it named, is a vibrator targeting elderly women to use for sexual satisfaction, and the show features the struggles surrounding marketing such a product.
 * Add to: Representation

Copyedit Your Article
Outline: Sexuality in older age This section should introduce the topic better and summarize general, important facts. It does do this, but I want to tidy it up a little...perhaps rename the article? Last little paragraph should be removed, redirected, or replaced. Add more details on health benefits, and add a health risks and education section after this. I can discuss accessibility and context more with environmental factors here. I'm not sure if it needs its own section. Add more on ageist ideas and societal tendencies to shy away from discussing sexuality with older adults. I could add to this too, for example, segment info from the Netflix original, Grace and Frankie.
 * Intro/Summary
 * Physical Changes
 * Health Benefits
 * Social Attitudes
 * Representation in film and television

Topic and Sources
Include ideas on sexuality and intimacy for relationships in older age and the importance of its recognition; how its still healthy to practice even as you age. I’d like to mention more on ageist ideas and societal tendencies to shy away from discussing sexuality with older adults. Brief explanation of why sexuality in older adults is on the radar, as it relates population group percentage increase. Natural health concerns associated with older age should also be mentioned, along with benefits of a healthy sexual relationship, and health concerns and education. One study I like mentions research on participants “sexual well-being;” basically what they are doing and how often. The importance of self-esteem is also mentioned several times so I’d like to incorporate that as well. There is an additional article I have on HIV rates and predictions among adults 65 years and older. I can mention this with how older adults are living with STDs, other health concerns, statistics, and sexual behavior.

References

Syme, M. L. (2014). The Evolving Concept of Older Adult Sexual Behavior and Its Benefits. Generations, 38(1), 35-41. ( https://libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login?url=https://search-ebscohost-com.libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=94912226 )

Hughes, A. K., & Wittmann, D. (2015). Aging Sexuality: Knowledge and Perceptions of Preparation Among U.S. Primary Care Providers. Journal Of Sex & Marital Therapy, 41(3), 304-313. ( https://libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login?url=https://search-ebscohost-com.libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=101515492 )

Santos-Iglesias, P., Byers, E. S., & Moglia, R. (2016). Sexual well-being of older men and women. Canadian Journal Of Human Sexuality, 25(2), 86-98. ( https://libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login?url=https://search-ebscohost-com.libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=117494148 )

Brennan, D., Emlet, C., & Eady, A. (2011). HIV, Sexual Health, and Psychosocial Issues Among Older Adults Living with HIV in North America. Ageing International, 36(3), 313-333. ( https://libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login?url=https://search-ebscohost-com.libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=63498066 )

Article Proposal
ANY of my topics are preferred....let me rethink that as I search for complimentary sources....

Eternal youth

I can add details on it's contradiction to ageing. Description of individuals and groups associated with eternal youth, such as Gabby Williams, or the belief that "Black doesn't crack," and Asian women don't age until they're in their 40s. The media attention of eternal youth and how it relates to Sociology.

Sexuality in older age

Health benefits section should be added to, and I think there should be a separate health risks section on STDs. Maybe add a few details on contraception and the lack there of. Perhaps details on how this happens with seniors living in communities, assisted living, and nursing homes?

Pregnancy over age 50

For this topic, I'd include an area on fertility stats, average ages of pregnancy in various countries, and why pregnancy over the age of 50 is considered high risk and it's associated complications. It's there, but maybe I could add more detail. Many women listed seem to have achieved fertilization through alternative means, perhaps that could be explained in more detail.

Article Evaluation
·       '''Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?'''

I found everything to be at least relevant to the topic, since it is a broader topic. Grammatical errors were distracting, also punctuation. Details seemed a bit scattered sometimes with ideas. Thee are some generalizations made that aren’t supported with a “Where?” or “Who said this?”

·        '''Is the article neutral? Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?'''

I did not see any biases or heavily geared persuasion used. It seems more fact based and neutral. There are many citation links and redirecting topic links.

·        '''Check a few citations (hint: focus on the section about Sociology). Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article? Where do the citations come from?'''

Yes, the links work, if by work you mean it appears and takes me to the reference section. The links or reference page don’t redirect me to the actual author’s work that was cited, so I’m unsure if the source supports the claims. Only one citation/link had page numbers. That could cause issues with locating source material. The citations seem to come from journals/articles and books.

·        '''Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?'''

Each fact in the Sociology section seems to be, yes. In other sections as well, yes. The general statements that don’t need it are fine. I see many reviews, journals, articles, books, etc, so yes, they should be neutral. The sources seem fine, but at the same time, there are 192! There’s no way to check all of them. I don’t see where he mentions source biases.

·        '''Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?'''

I see some information from the 1980s that could arguably be said to be out of date. Page numbers need to be added in some places. Perhaps, consistent citation styles. Unless that doesn’t matter?

·        '''Check out the Talk page of the article. What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?'''

There is a “No messages” statement on the Talk page here.

·        '''How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects?'''

Yes, it is. I see mentioning of Wikipedia sister project at the bottom of the page. I thought I could find the article rating in the top right hand corner, but I sit it in no corners….or anywhere.