User:BI496Editor/Starry triggerfish

Economic Use
The starry triggerfish is used in the production of food and packaging. When consumed in food, it possesses specific components called antioxidants that are beneficial to human health. Additionally, starry triggerfish may also be used to create sturdy, environmentally friendly packaging that decomposes quickly. These uses for starry triggerfish have the potential to benefit the environment while simultaneously saving money which makes them very useful for the two industries mentioned.

Application in the Food Industry
As the world population increases and dietary choice evolves, many people are starting to understand the value and importance of eating healthily. Hence, the understanding that protein is vital for muscle growth is being understood which is increasing the consumption and demand for protein. Among athletes and those on a restrictive diet, consuming protein in the supplementary form is progressively increasing. Recently, fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) has gotten a lot of attention due to its bioactive characteristics and growing global market. When added to food, it can have many benefits such as water holding, emulsification, and texture properties. Anti-hypertension, antibacterial, and anti-oxidation properties are also some of the bioactive characteristics found in FPH. The starry triggerfish has many health benefits for humans and animals as it is a clean source of protein. Protein hydrolysate, when used in foods, can alter the protein properties and characteristics for the better. Using trypsin from Albacore tuna liver, a study was conducted to examine the antioxidant and functional qualities of protein hydrolysate produced from starry triggerfish muscle. The results demonstrated that protein hydrolysate derived from starry triggerfish has high antioxidant properties that can help prevent lipid oxidation. Lastly, it also has beneficial emulsifying and foaming properties, which gives it practical use in food-related applications.

Application in the Packaging Industry
As the demand for consumer goods is increasing and it is getting easier to get everyday products delivered to the doorsteps of houses, there comes the problem of the use of plastics and cardboard. Many of these packing films end up in landfills and get converted to secondary plastics which take years to degrade while leaching many harmful chemicals in soil and water. Another problem in the current world is caused by large-scale fishing practices where a lot of by-products containing fibrillar collagen sources such as those found in the bones, skin, fins, scales, guts, head, and frame get discarded. These waste products can cause bad odors and a lot of pollution. However, marine collagen is high in demand as it lacks disease transmission and dietary restrictions. To resolve these two problems and find a practical, economical, and environmentally beneficial solution, a study investigated the molecular properties of collagen derived from starry triggerfish skin and its potential in the creation of biodegradable packaging film. A few benefits of using collagen for film making include its strong mechanical and thermal properties, low antigenicity, minimal chance of causing allergies, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. A film made from the collagen extracted through the method of acid solubilized collagen (ASC) showed maximum tensile strength, elasticity, and contact angle, but the lowest elongation at break and water vapor permeability as compared to the pepsin solubilized collagen (PSC) films. Also, it exhibited greater enthalpy, endothermic melting temperature, and enhanced glass-transition temperature, all of which point to a robust protein-protein interaction in the film network. The ASC film also has more heat-stable mass residues than the PSC film did in the high-temperature range. The PSC film had a coarser surface, whereas the ASC films had a finer and smoother surface without any layering or breaking. As a result, the skin of starry triggerfish could be a good source of collagen for use in food packaging films.