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Vesicular Glutamate Transporter (VGluT)
Protein family neurotransmitter vesicular transport originally characterized as dependent cotransporter sodium inorganic phosphate. Sequester excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from the cytoplasm into the secretory vesicles by luminal proton exchanging it. Amino acid transporters such as glutamate, are considered proteins important in the central nervous system, and involved in the capture after release neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft to finish in this way their effect and limit the excitability mediated glutamate. These proteins are included in the family of transporters dependent Na / K. Much evidence demonstrates the involvement of several neuronal disorders conveyors, such as epilepsy and cerebral ischemia. Neurotransmitter transporters can be classified into plasma membrane transporters and vesicular membrane transporters. Glutamate is synthesized in the cytoplasm and stored in vesicles by a capture system dependent on an electrochemical gradient. . Under normal conditions it is released by exocytosis into the synaptic cleft, where it binds to the glutamate receptors to cause the action potential. . Glutamate transporters are responsible for completing the action of glutamate and maintain the extracellular levels below the levels that cause neurotoxicity. Glutamate transporters can be found in neurons and glia. However, the carriers differ in their cellular distribution and regional as well as on their biophysical and pharmacological properties. In glial cells, glutamate becomes glutamine. Then glutamine is transported out of the glial cell and returned to the presynaptic terminal, where it is subsequently converted back into glutamate. Glutamate inside the presynaptic terminal is packaged into synaptic vesicles by the action of a second set of glutamate transporters known as VGlutT (vesicular glutamate transporters), which are present in the membrane of the glutamartegical vesicles. Glutamate transport into synaptic vesicles by VGlutT is caused by transport in the opposite direction of H +, whose electrochemical grandient been established by a H + -ATPase in the vesicle membrane.

Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2
Vesicular transport protein glutamate is expressed predominantly in the diencephalon and in the lower regions of the brainstem central nervous system. This protein is encoded by the SLC17A6 gene. The function of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 is mediate glutamate uptake into synaptic vesicles in presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neuronal cells. It can also mediate transport of inorganic phosphate. It has tissue specificity, as expressed in the adult brain. Expressed in the amygdala, caudate nucleus, cerebral cortex, frontal lobe, hippocampus, medulla, occipital lobe, putamen, spinal cord, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, and thalamus temporal lobe. During the development stage it is expressed in the fetal brain. It is involved in several biological processes such as ion transporter, transmembrane transporter L-glutamate, neurotransmitter transport and transport of sodium ion.