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ANALYSIS of "A NEW HYMN TO MARDUK FROM SIPPAR" by FAROUK N. Al-RAWI

Dr. TARIYEL AZERTURK In the journal "D'Assyrologie et D'Archeologie Orientale" LXXXYI VOL., # 1 pp 79-83 was published paper, where the author Farouk N. Al-Rawi is asserting that the ancient text has been dedicated to God Marduk. In the beginning of article the author marks: "Only its observe is well preserved and contains the beginning of a hitherto unknown hymn to Marduk…".

I should afflict Mr. Farouk Al-Rawi. Unfortunately as any of others-of the hundreds translations from Sumerian cuneiforms, this one also talks about Sumerian's gods, although its author of the paper admits that “The text obviously written by an incompetent scribe, bristles with difficulties and still remains largely obscure to us, but we thought it our duty to publish it as soon as possible with our at places evidently inadequate interpretation and commentary kept to a strict minimum…”.

Having familiarized with hundreds of new translations from the cuneiform we are just wondering, what not ascribe contemporary decipherers the more ancient Mesopotamian peoples, as if these unhappy peoples looks like did not have any vital problems so they from the birth generation to death were occupied only by praying gods and goddesses, in which according to the data of the modern translators, is more than 4000(!).

Below an example is given from other text, which does refer neither to Marduk nor to Al-Rawi. But it is given there as an example of the fact that, as contemporary translators how jeer above ancient people. There in all somewhere 20-21 words which yet have not decoded by us, “value meaning” of 5 of which is already previously defined as gods and they are postponed to the side. And they translations look just ridiculous.

“1 udu niga 1 sila Nusku (-nüsg –in Turkish means plant juice) 1 udu niga Nin-urta mu-tum Ur-En-lil-la 1 sila Nin-urta mutum (in Turkish- average giving) Shesh-kal-la 1 udu niga 1 sila Inanna” (Marcel Sigrist, 1995, Neo-Sumerian Texts from the Royal Ontario Museum). Translation by M. Sigrist: “1 barley-fed sheep (and) 1 lamb for the god Nusku, 1 barley-fed sheep for the god Ninurta, delivery made by Ur-Enlila, 1 lamb for the god Ninurta – delivery made by Sheshkalla, 1 barley-fed sheep (and) 1 lamb for the goddess Inanna”. By whom made delivery latter one or who sacrificed in the honor of goddess these victims it remains not known.

Let us say that we do not pretend to the fact that the present language of these texts, which is still alive is require another approach to it, but really how scientific world can believe in this balderdash, froth, rubbish, nonsense and be proud of the fact that we study our ancient history? Since at first glance is evident that all these gods like Nuku, Ninurta, Inanna, Ninsun, Lugal, Enlil, Ninlil et c. et c., (names of all other gods taken from another part of the same text) are absolutely entire nonsense, bosh and bunkum.

Accurately the same picture of fantastic appears in haste premeditated work Mr. F. Al-Rawi.

In reality this text describes a volcanic eruption and the ancient author has been excellent "drawing" courses of destroying strength of natural appearances. So we can call this article, not "Hymn to Marduk", on the contrary, "Rage of Marduk" or “Marduk Fure”, which we considered as necessary to carry out of the title of new proposal. We can understand ancient very smart authors exactly only through today's Turkish, if more exactly in Azerbaijanian and Kerkuk's (Iraq) Turkish dialects.

For better comparison we are giving a text in translation of the pervious author as well. If modeling (in further just M.) it in Azerbaijani Turkish we are getting the following almost the same with cuneiform written. Let us look at for all text in new translation in the line by line.

Obverse:

1. shar ku-ul-la-at i-gi-gi be-el KUR-du -'i'? M.: shar kuul at[i] ig[r]iki, beel kurdu[r]i.

Sense in Azerbaijani Turkish (the words indicated in parenthesis are the contemporary equivalents of ancient words or scientific terms) in giving words in their modern meaning), and in English (in further just A.and E.)

A.: Sar (dağ zirvəsi)* kul atı, igriki (gur nəriltiylə), beel (fəlakət) kürdüri (özülündədir).

Voc.: Shar – sar* – zirvə** - pick of mountain; shar (obsolete) - town, city; kuull - kül - ash; at - at - throw out, throw away, here is eruption; igigi - igriki* - gur nerilti, bağırtı - loud roar; bel - mountainside, hillside, (mountain) pass; but here - tragedy (in obsolete meaning); kurdui-kurduri - the foundation, base, formation;
 * - modern sound; ** - another modern variant

E. The Pick (top) of the mountain erupts ashes with the large roar, the source of catastrophe is in its foundation.

Translation by Farouk N. Al-Rawi (in further just FAR:).

FAR: The king of all Igigi-gods, is master of the mountains?

Sar-in Arabic is King, kull – is all, mass of; master is equiuvalent to “ba’l”. Let assume that all is OK. So FAR is rhight in his translation until “Sar kuul” and he found the equivalent for master which in Arabic is “ba’l” but not “beel”, but, what the mean of another words in this line he does not know simply. Therefore takes its from sky - as fantastic “Igigi- gods”

The Proto-Semitic words provide more glimpses into the social structure. That it was stratified is shown by the existence of words for “king” or “prince” (two are found,* arr- and *malk-, the latter of which is associated with the verbal root mlk, “to rule”), “lord, owner, master,” *ba l- (and the feminine *ba lat- “lady”; see b l), and “female slave,” * amat-. (No masculine counterpart is reconstructible; slaves were perhaps acquired as prisoners of war, the males being killed.)

Communities had judges who adjudicated (dyn) over local disputes.words for “king” or “prince” (two are found,* arr- and *malk-, the latter of which is associated with the verbal root mlk, “to rule”), (John Huehnergard «Proto-Semitic Language and Culture” (The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000) (http://www.bartleby.com/61/10.html)

2.  e-te-el e-nu-na-ki dmarduk lu-iz-mu-ur

M.: Ete el enünə ki, Mərduk luizm u[r]ur A.: Hetit eli enin (inildəyir)ki, Mərduk lüzum urur (görür, bilir).

Voc.: ete – Ete - Hetit – Hittites - ancient civilian people, who have been lived in South Central part of modern Turkey; el - el, eli – people; land, territory; also edge, border; enuna – enina – enin – inildəmək – zarıldamaq - guruldamaq - groan, moan, plaint, weeping; ki-conjunction that; Marduk* - God of the thunderbolt, lightning and a volcanic eruption;  luizm  u ur - luzum u[r]ur –  he considers a necessary, he counts a necessary;

E.: The fact that the country of Hittites is groan, Marduk considers necessary. FAR: The magnificent one among the Anunnaku-gods, Marduk, let me sing about him!


 * Marduk – considers by modern researchers as “Sumerian” God of lightning and thunderbolt. In present text we familiar one of new function of Marduk, showing that he was God of volcanic eruption and perhaps of earthquake as well. By this function he corresponds to the Greece's Jupiter. I would like to say several words about the genesis of name of Marduk. The sense of the name of Marduk completely reflects his function as the god of thunderer. It consists of two Turkish words - MARD and UK (OX), which mean - mard - brave, valiant, courageous, and uk - arrow. This name, given by our ancestors god of the thunderer, who sent rain - the source of life on the earth, where actually prevailed dryness (in Babylon – modern Iraq) very understandably, absolutely correct and logic.

3'. GU? X? ma mu-UH? UD ra la pa-di-a dU. GUR GISH IR TIY. [L]A? M.: Gu[r] [gaynar?] ma muhud ra[t] labadi a ugur qishirtiylə. A.: Gur, qaynar ma (maye) mühüd rat (ildırım) lavadı, a uçur qişirtiyla.

Voc.: Gur - gur – gür - enormous, plentiful, rich; [X ?] - we think this destroyed syllables would match more qaynar – boiling, ebullient; ma – mai - маye – liquid, water; muhud - mühit - medium; ra – rat –thunder; rasih=rasin - hard, firm, strong; lapadi - lapadi – squash, (slash, mess); İ believe here lava is more suitable; Ugur – uçur – flying; gish. [l]a–more likely-qişirti– kişirti- kişnərti - neigh(ing).

E.: The enormous boiling liquid squash of thick lava runs with neighing. FAR.: ... merciless?, Nergal? of the battle?

4'. mu-ush-ta-ar-hi me-he-e 7 sha-ri ka-shi-id a-a-bi shu-nu ti [le]m?-ni M.: Muushtar hime hee 7 shari kashiid a[s]abi shun'u tı[le] м[aa]ni. A.: Müstar himə heyə 7 şari (şəhəri) kəsid asabi(?)sun`u tila maani.

Voc.: muushtar - mustar  - sıxışdırılan – oppressed, driven out, keep down, subjected to pressure, burdened, forced, extorted; hime - signal, hints, here immediately; hee - heye – from hey - qüvvət, iqtidar, cismani enerji – strength, force, vigo(u)r, energy; shari – obsolete - shary - sheheri - town, city;  kashiid - kasid, kəsit –  cut, cutting, here – at once, once and for all; a-a-bi – a[s]abi – excitedly(?), angrily; shunu - sun'u – yaratmaq - etmək-- əməl (Sun'u llahi – Allahın dediyi, əməli, etdiyi, yaratdığı - Make of God, create of God); tila - tıla, tılamaq, yaxmaq – burn down/up, set fire to, burn out, melt with fire; m?-ni - maani, bütövlükdə – wholly, entirely;

Е.: Looks like the stopped up magma waits for an additional strenght in order to be pulled out with new force,immediately subject to the fire of seven remaining cities together. FAR.: Who makes the seven winds intermingle in tempests, who reach the 	enemies...

Here we see actually that the author to intermingle facts with fiction.

5'. Ha-ri-ir sa-ah-ha-ap ki-ip-pu a-ki-lu-u? (LU?) sha ni-ish-su M.: Har iir sahhaap kiippu akilu u lush ani [h]ishsu. A.: Har səpir sahhap (bulud) kipü əkilü u loş ani hissü (İsti yağan bulud kipi aləmi acgözlüklə hisə bürüyür).

Voc.: har-har, isti - hot; iir-iri - big, huge; saahhaap-sehap - mist, fog; kippu-kipu – kip - thick, close; ekilu** - (**in Ancient Turkish) - ekilu, acgozlukle - covetous, graspin; u - u – o – that (demonstr. Pronoun); lu?sh – lush - losh - gloom, dusk; ani - immediately; hishsu - his - smoke, grow cloudy, foggy.

E.: Hot, thick (close) dusty, enormous cloud instantly and insatiably wraps around with gloomy smoke. FAR: Blazing (flame) which overthrows devouring snare which, when lifted...

6' DIGIR ki-ish-shu-tim ga-ash-ru be-el tu-qu-um-tim sha-ri-ir ta? [x] 'x' PI? 'xx' M.: Digir ki, IshshUTIM GASRI beel tüküümtim[i] seriir ta[shlar] pi[lpayalarla]! A.: Digir ki, İşşutim Qəsri, bel (fəlakət!), tikimtimi sərir daşlar pilpayalarla (sütunlarla)!

Voc.: Digir-digir - deyir - talks, tells, says; Ishshutim gashri-Ishshutim Qəsri - The Castle of Ishshutim; Ishshutim - the name of Castle; bel** - bel – fəlakət - faciə - dəhşət - disaster, misfortune; also: in modern Turkish-menasyz - meaninglessly, absurdity; tukumtim - tikimtim - tikintim - my building, my construction; shariir – sərir – fallings (stones), continually falling, nonstop falling on; ta? [ x ] – ta[shlar] - dashlar - stones, rocks; pi?[ ... ] – more likely - pilpayalarla – payalarla - sutunlarla – spout, stones comes like columns.

E.: Tells the Castle İshshutim: This is tragedy! Volcano with flows nonstop throws stones on my construction! FAR. Dominating, powerful god, master of battle-

7'. ka-li hi-im-ma-at pa-ar-si im-ni-ta-shu u-ka-a[l] M.: Kali himmaat parciim[i]ni tashu kaal. A.: [Hər şeyi] kökündən qoparan hiddət [qalanın] daş pərçimini əridir [belə]. Voc.: kali-kali – kokləmək, kökündən qoparmaq - root out, eradicate; himmet - himmet - cidd-cəhd - violence, impetuosity, anger, fury; parciimni - parcimini (nom. pərçim) - very strong, hard, solid tie; tashu-tashı, dashı - (nom. dash) - stone, rock; u –u - o - that; kaal-kal - əritmə - melt; or kaal[a]-kala-qala - castle;

Е.: That cindering entire such zeal of fire melts even the cementing material of castle. FAR.: His right hand holds in a bunch all the "Rites"-

8'. uz-zi-su? is-su-ur ma-at la ma-gi-ri i-ka-mar-ri ish-hu-uh? (HI?) M.: uzzi[ay] issuur, maat lama giri, ika mari(sh)*z hi[suf]h?i. A.: Üzay (aləm) qızır, mat (tutqunluq) lama (işığa) giri, ika (zərər 	vurur) mariz hüsufi  (zəif ay tutulması).

Voc.: uzzi - üzi – for exact identification latter look at next: su? – I believe instead doubtful “su?” should be “ay” and first syllable could be modeling as: uziay=üzay - space, room, area (but such interpretation is doubtful as well); issuur – issüür – issiir – heating, radiate heat; mat - matı, tutqunluq – turbidity, dullness; lama – lam - şəfəq- - glitter, brilliance, light; giri - giri - girir – entered, getting in; ika – ika – zərər vurmaq – cause harm, do damage to; mariish – mariz – zəif - weak, delicate; hu uh? (hi?) - obviously, husufi - Ay tutulması - Eclipse of Moon;

E.: The space (area) is heated, turbidity penetrates into the daylight, unhealthy [light like] at lunar eclipse causes harm. FAR: When he becomes angry, even the bird of the disobedient country collapses into the bottom of the battlement - 9'. i-na el-lim ap-si a-sa-lu-hi! (UH?) e-li-ish i-na sha-ma an shum-shu M.: İna ellim, ap[a]s[h]i, asalu*[a]hi uh eliishina shaman shumsu.

A.: Yenə [lavanın] elim (ürəkləri dağlayan), apaşi (pozğun), asalaği (parazit) [g]əlişinə saman [təki] şumsu (köməksizik).

Voc.: Ina - yenə - again; ellim - elim - ürəkləri dağlayan, qəlbdə ağrı, əzab - əziyyət yaradan (elim bir haber – qəmli, kədərli bir xəbər) - terribly, awfully; apsi - apashi, pozğun, oğru - rowdy, rough, hoodlum; asaluhi- asalagi (nom. asalak) - parasite, sponge, sponger ; eliishina – gəlişinə - to the fool down, to the stream; shamaan-saman - straw; shumsu – köməksiz - helplessness, helpless;

E.: Causing feelings of sufferings, before the destructive and unbridled similarly to the flight of the arrow offensive of lava, we are helpless as straw on the wind.

FAR: In the pure Apsu Asalluhi is his name, above in the sky it is An- What such “pure Apsu-Asalluhi”, by the invented author- translator, and in what tops his name does sound as with AN? Who knows? 10'. sha-ak-nu [or](ta-ak-nu (?)) i-na mah-ri-shu ku-ul-la-at hi-im-ma- tim UD 	tu tu ta-bu (hi-pu?) M.: Taaknu(!) ina ma(h)risu kuull aat hiimmati(m), ud tutu tabuhi puhur]. A.: Taknu (aşağı qat süxurlarının) inə marisu (xəstə) kül atmaqdı himməti  (hiddəti), ud tutub tabuhi puhur (odda qaynayır [aləm]).

Voc.: Taaknu – taknu - aşağı qat süxurları - the rocks of lower layers; ina - again; mahrish - mahriz - ill, sick, weak;  kuull - kül - ash; aat-atı - throw away; himmati(m) - himmeti(m) - hiddəti - qəzəbi - anger, fury, rage; ud – ud - ut - od - fire; ud tutub yanır - caught by fire, burning; tabuhi - tabuhi  - qaynama, bishme – boiling, melting, burning; puhur - puhur – isti - qaynar - warm, boiled;

E.: The rock’s of lower layers is trying to force to erupt contaminating ash, burned all over around again. Everything melting in the fire!

FAR: All can be gathered is placed in front of him ...

11'. u-cu-ra-tum mu-ul-la-a qa-ti-ish-su M.: Ucur atum mulla[hh]a[m] kati [h]ishsu A.: Uçur mullaham (ağır, biçimsiz) atım qatı hisü [ilə].

Voc.: Ucur-uçur – flow, flight; mull a a - mullahham, agir, bicimsiz, tosqun - heaviness, ponderous; atim - atım (nom. at - horse) - my horse; qatı - decisive, concentrated; ishsu – issü or hisü, dudası (nom. his; duda) - smoke, fog; [ile] - with.

E.: My ponderous (heavy) horse flies with its concentrated smoke. FAR: The "Plans" are contained in his hand

12'. na-ah-ru-tim sha-di-i u-pi-is gi(?)it ma-al M.: Naahr utim shadii[r] u piis kiit[ir] maal[i] A.: Nəhr utim (od ümmanım) u pis kiitir (çırtıltıyla) [hər yanı] maali	(tam)  [bürüyür].

Voc.: Nahr – nohur - deniz - sea, ocean; utim - udum (nom,. ut, ud, od - fire) - my fire; sadi - sadir - bash verir, burada, hər yanı bürüyür – happened; here: have place, take place; u -u, o - it, that; piis - pis - bad, terrible, fright; giit-giitir - crackle; maali – mali - tam - completely;

E.: The Sea of fire completely covers everywhere with a terrible roar. FAR: He... the ... mountains, he is perfect-

13'  u-sh(?)-ah-da-ar ma-at la ma-gi-rii-ka-am-mu na-ak-ri. M.:  Ushahda ar maat lama giri, ika [h]ammu na akri. A.:  Uzaxda (40?) ar mat (tutqunluq) lama giri, ika (zərər vurur) hamu nə əkiri (bütün əkinə). Voc.: Ushaxda - uzaxda, uzahda - in the distance; ar - the point of measure of square: 1 ar = 100 m2; maat – matı – muddy, turbidity, dullness; lama-lama- light, to the light; giri – giri - girir – penetrate, get (in, to); ika – destroy, damage, cause harm or loss; ammu - ami - hamu - mass of the people, or [h]ammu, hamı, - all; na – na - ne – nə - what; akiru - əkirü, əkiri – crops, sowing; ne akiru – nə əkirü - all crops, all sowing;

It seems to me that in the text it is reading number “40” before syllable “ar” (I just cannot embedded it here). If this is so, in this case it is necessary to decode them separately. Then it turns out that eruption at its beginning does damage territory, to equal into 40 ares, which is equal into 4000 square meters.

E.: In a distance by square of (?) ar the muddy fog overshadows of he light destroying all kind of crops. FAR.: He renders the disobedient country gloomy; he binds the enemy

14'. em-ru(?) ka-ak-ku-shu ma-hi-ra u-ul i-shu M.: Emru kaakku su mahira u[f]ul ishu. A.: Kakku su[yun] (lava?) emir [kimi] işi ölüm səpməkdir(?)

Voc.: Emru-emiri - Ruler; kaakku-kaka - dirty; su-water; mahiv - mahv - kill, destroy; ra-rah - way; u ul-trateher "uful" - death; [sepmekdir] - sow the seed of death; ishu-ishi - its business.

E.: Muddy liquid (perhaps lava) like Ruler sowing the death. FAR.: His weapons are ... , they have no rival-

15'. [xx i]m?-mi za-ni-na am mu-ti-a-ab-al M.: [xx i]m?-mi.... zanına, [h]ammu müti, abal. A.: [Qorxu salır adamın] canına, hammı müti, abdal (aptal) (küt).

Voc.: [Gorxu salır] – korku salır – causes a fear; canina - to soul; muti - slave; abal - abdal – pity, poor, defenseless, unprotected. E.: [xx...] all of this, causes the fear of soul. All are slaves and unprotected. F.A.R.: ... caretaker of Mutiabal- ... 16'. .... At the end for best idea and for comparison we would want to transmit entire text in new translations so that the reader itself could judge so how we describe of the historical truth.

1. The pick of the mountain erupts ashes with the large roar, source of	catastrophe is in its foundation, 2. The fact that the country of Hittites is groan, Marduk considers necessary. 3. The enormous boiling liquid squash of thick lava runs with thunder. 4. Looks like the stopped up [magma] waits signal in order to be pulled out with new force and immediately and angrly subjected to the fire on the indication [of Marduk] of seven remaining cities togethe r. 5. Hot, thick (close) dusty, enormous cloud instantly and insatiably wraps around with gloomy smoke. 6. Tells the Castle İshshutim: This is tragedy! Volcano with flows nonstop throws stones on my construction! 7. That cindering entire such zeal of fire melts even the cementing material of castle. 1.The space (area) is heated, turbidity penetrates into the daylight, unhealthy [light like] at lunar eclipse causes harm. 9. Causing feelings of sufferings, before the destructive and unbridled similarly to the flight of the arrow offensive of     lava, we are helpless as straw on the wind. 10. The rock’s lower layers is trying to force to erupt contaminating ash, burned all over around again. Everthing melting in the fire! 11. My ponderous (heavy) horse flies with concentrated smoke. 12. The sea of fire completely covers everywhere with a terrible roar. 13. In a distance by square of (?) ar the muddy fog overshadows of the light destroying all kind of crops. 14. The мuddy water like (perhaps lava) the Ruler sowing the death. 15. [xx...] all of this, causes the fear of soul. All are slaves and unprotected.

In RUSSIAN, ПО РУССКИ

1. Вершина извергает пепел с большим рёвом, [источник] катастрофы в её фундаменте, 2. [То, что] страна Хетитов громко ноет (или грохочет), Мардук считает необходимым. 3. Огромная, огненная жидкость похожа на гром, молниeоносно летит вперёд. 4. Зажатая лава как бы ждёт сигнала от Мардука чтобы мгновенно разрезать семи остальных городов и полить их огнём. 5. Горячее, густое и огромное облако мгновенно окутывает все вокруг мрачным дымом. 6. Плачет Замок Ишшутума: Это трагедия![Вулкан]безостановочно потоки камней бросает на мою конструкцию! 7. Всеискореняющее рвение [огня] расплавляет даже цементирующие слои Замка. 8. Вокруг все греется, темнота затмевает свет, слабое Лунное затмение наносит вред на все посевы. 9. Все как солома на ветру беспомощны разрывающему сердец, паразитическому, беспредельному потоку огненной лавы. 10. Породы нижних слоев рвутся извергнуть снова болезненный пепел.Вокруг все горит как плавящая варька! 11. Летит облако (в тексте мой конь) тяжёлой, наполненной концентрированной копотью. 12. Море огня везде бушует со страшным рёвом. 13. Вдали на площади в 40(?)ар (4000 квм) мутная туманность проникает в свет, причиняет всем посевам вред. 14. Грязная жидкость как правитель сеет семена смерти. 15. [XXX....] это все вызывает страх в душе. Все слабы, беззащитны. 16. ХХХ [........]