User:Bageense/sandbox/Elections

General elections are scheduled to be held in Brazil on 2 October 2022 to elect the President, Vice President, and the National Congress. Elections for state Governors and Vice Governors, State Legislative Assemblies, the Federal District Legislative Chamber and the District Council of Fernando de Noronha will be held at the same time.

Under rulings by the Superior Electoral Court and Supreme Federal Court, political parties must allocate their funds and broadcast time proportionally to the number of their candidates of each sex and race.

As of October 2021, there are more than 146 million registered voters in Brazil, making the country the second largest democracy in the Americas and one of the largest in the world.

Electoral system
Voting in Brazil is allowed for citizens over 16 years old and mandatory for those between 18 and 70 years old. Those who do not vote in an election and do not present an acceptable justification (such as being absent from their voting locality at the time) must pay a fine of 3.51 BRL (equivalent to 0.63 USD as of November 2021).

Brazilian citizens residing abroad may only vote for president and vice president. Due to a treaty with Portugal, Portuguese citizens legally residing in Brazil for more than three years may also register to vote in Brazilian elections.

All candidates for federal, state, Federal District and municipal offices must be registered in a political party. For offices to be elected by majority, such as president and governor, each party may only nominate one candidate.

Presidential elections
The President and Vice President of Brazil are elected as a joint ticket using the two-round system. The first round of elections is held on the first Sunday of October (in this instance, 2 October 2022). If a candidate receives more than 50% of the total valid votes in the first round, he/she is elected. If the 50% threshold is not met by any candidate, the two candidates who received the most votes in the first round participate in a second round of voting, held on the last Sunday of October (in this instance, 30 October 2022), and the candidate who receives the most votes in the second round is elected.

Gubernatorial elections
The Governors and Vice Governors of all states and of the Federal District will be elected, in two rounds if needed, in the same way as the presidential election.

Federal Senate elections
One-third of the 81 members of the Federal Senate will be elected, the other two-thirds having been elected in 2018. One candidate will be elected from each of the states and the Federal District using plurality voting.

Chamber of Deputies elections
All 513 members of the Chamber of Deputies (Federal Deputies) will be elected, with candidates elected from 27 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the states and the Federal District, varying in size from 8 to 70 seats. The Chamber elections are held using open list proportional representation, with seats allocated using integer quotients and the D'Hondt method.

Legislative Assemblies elections
All members of the State Legislative Assemblies (State Deputies) and of the Federal District Legislative Chamber (District Deputies), varying in size from 24 to 94 seats, will be elected. These elections are also held using open list proportional representation, with seats allocated using integer quotients and the D'Hondt method.

Fernando de Noronha
All seven members of the District Council of Fernando de Noronha will be elected, by single non-transferable vote. Unlike elections for other offices in Brazil, candidates for this council do not have to registered in a political party.

Potential candidates
As of November 2021, the following politicians have announced their candidacy. Political parties have until 15 August 2022 to formally register their candidates.

Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)

 * Joaquim Barbosa – Chief Justice of the Supreme Federal Court 2012−2014; Justice of the Supreme Federal Court 2003−2014; Deputy Chief Justice of the Superior Electoral Court 2008−2009; Justice of the Superior Electoral Court 2008.
 * Renato Casagrande – Governor of Espírito Santo since 2019.

Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL)

 * Glauber Braga – Federal deputy for Rio de Janeiro since 2011.

Christian Democracy (DC)

 * José Maria Eymael – Federal Deputy for São Paulo 1986–1995.

Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB)

 * João Goulart Filho – State Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul (1983–1987). Candidate for President in 2018.

Podemos (PODE)

 * José Reguffe – District Deputy from Federal District (2007-2011); Federal Deputy from Federal District (2011-2015); Senator for Federal District (2015-today).
 * Jorge Kajuru – Senator for Goiás since 2019.

Social Christian Party (PSC)

 * Wilson Witzel – Governor of Rio de Janeiro 2019–2021.

Social Liberal Party (PSL)

 * Janaina Paschoal – State Deputy of São Paulo.

Workers' Party (PT)
Unified Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU)
 * Camilo Santana – Governor of Ceará since 2015; State Deputy of Ceará 2011–2014.
 * Fernando Haddad – Mayor of São Paulo 2013–2017; Minister of Education 2005–2012; candidate for Mayor of São Paulo in 2016. Candidate for President in 2018.
 * Rui Costa – Governor of Bahia since 2015; Chief of Staff of Bahia 2012–2014; Federal Deputy from Bahia 2011–2015; State Secretary of Institutional Affairs of Bahia 2007–2011; City Councillor of Salvador 2001–2009.
 * Wellington Dias – Governor of Piauí since 2015 and 2003–2011; Senator for Piauí 2011–2015


 * Vera Lúcia – former presidential candidate (2018).
 * Zé Maria – former presidential candidate (2002, 2010 and 2014).

Declined to be candidates

 * Drauzio Varella – Oncologist and immunologist.
 * Paulo Guedes – Minister of the Economy since 2019.
 * Paulo Hartung – Governor of Espírito Santo 2015−2019, 2003−2010; Senator from Espírito Santo 1999−2001; Mayor of Vitória 1993−1997; Federal Deputy from Espírito Santo 1991−1992; State Deputy of Espírito Santo 1983−1991.
 * Flávio Dino – Governor of Maranhão since 2015; running for Senate.
 * Marina Silva – Politician and environmentalist. Candidate for President in 2010, 2014 and 2018.
 * Luiza Trajano – Businessperson.
 * Hamilton Mourão – Vice President of Brazil since 2019.
 * João Amoêdo – National President of NOVO since 2019, 2011−2017. Candidate for President in 2018.
 * Guilherme Boulos – Activist and candidate for President in 2018.
 * Luciano Huck – Television presenter and entrepreneur.
 * Danilo Gentili – Television presenter and comedian.
 * Luiz Henrique Mandetta - Former Minister of Health.

Brazilian Labour Party (PTB)

 * Roberto Jefferson – PTB National President since 2016; Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 1983–2005.

Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB)

 * Eduardo Leite – Governor of Rio Grande do Sul since 2019.

Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)

 * Paulo Câmara - Governor of Pernambuco since 2015.
 * Márcio França - Governor of São Paulo in 2018.

Liberal Party (PL)

 * Marco Feliciano – Federal Deputy from São Paulo since 2011.

Workers' Party (PT)

 * Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) – President of Brazil 2003−2010; Chief of Staff of the Presidency 2016; National President of the Workers' Party 1980−1988, 1990−1994; Chamber PT Leader 1987−1988 Federal Deputy from São Paulo 1987−1991. Candidate for President in 1989, 1994 and 1998.

Independents

 * Augusto Heleno – Secretary of Institutional Security since 2019.
 * Damares Alves – Minister of Women, Family and Human Rights since 2019.
 * Luciano Huck – Television presenter and entrepreneur.
 * Nando Moura – Musician, music instructor and YouTuber.
 * Rodrigo Maia – Federal Deputy since 1999; President of the Chamber of Deputies 2016–2021; National President of Democrats 2007−2011; candidate for Mayor of Rio de Janeiro in 2012.
 * Tarcísio Gomes de Freitas – Minister of Infrastructure since 2019.

Congress
The result of the last general election and the current situation in the National Congress is given below:

Federal Senate
Each of the 26 states and the Federal District will have one of its three Senate seats contested.