User:Banadoodles/NewSandbox

Wikipedia Contribution Outline

 * what organisms is it found in

- Romesser and Wolfe [1] -- UNUSUAL COENZYMES OF METHANOGENESIS (1990)

- purified from methanol grown methanosarcina barkeri cells, methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, metahnothermobacter wolfeii (2016-diff article)


 * how it catalyzes the first step of methanogenesis

- metabolic pathway starts with reduction of CO2 with methanofuran to form formylmethanofuran, catalyzed by formylmethanofuran dehydrogenase (2016) [3] ---

- in most methanogens, tungsten iron-sulfur protein and molybdenum iron-sulfur protein isoenzymes present [3]

- formylation rxn catalyzed by fmd [4] --- Structure and Function of Enzymes Involved in the Methanogenic Pathway Utilizing Carbon Dioxide and Molecular Hydrogen


 * description of the features of enzyme

- it contains molybdenum (determined by AAS atomic absorption spectroscopy) (1989) [2]; molybdenum contains iron-sulfur clusters (using UV-Vis) [2] seen by the x-rays structure (2016)

- m.wolfei (tungsten fmd-2016), m. thermoautotrophicum (both molybdenum and tungsten fmd-1996-hocheimer )

- describe structure of fig 1 (2016) [3]

- different types of subunits and metal clusters they contain ---fig 2c--- describe W(pterin)2(cys-S)(S2-) active site and nearby 4Fe-4S cubane cluster [3]

Articles:

[1] - DiMarco, A. A., Bobik, T. A., & Wolfe, R. S. (1990). Unusual coenzymes of methanogenesis. Annual review of biochemistry, 59(1), 355-394.

[2] - Formylmethanofuran dehydrogenase from methanogenic bacteria, a molybdoenzyme article

[3] - Wagner, T., Ermler, U., & Shima, S. (2016). The methanogenic CO2 reducing-and-fixing enzyme is bifunctional and contains 46 [4Fe-4S] clusters. Science, 354(6308), 114-117.

[4] - Structure and Function of Enzymes Involved in the Methanogenic Pathway Utilizing Carbon Dioxide and Molecular Hydrogen