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Fomin Vladimir Vladimirovich (25 January 1909 - 29 December 1979) was a Soviet chemist, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, Doctor of Chemical Sciences (1959), professor (1962). His main works concern complex formation, extraction, kinetics and chemistry of radioactive elements.

Life and career
Born on January 25, 1909 in Damuraty, village of Sokolsky district, Grodno Governorate (Poland). His father was a teacher in a village school and his mother was a housewife. In 1915 the family moved to Nezhyn.

Graduated from the 2nd stage of labor school in 1924, he entered the agricultural department of the Nezhyn Agricultural Technical School (NATS). After graduating from NATS in 1926 he started to work there as a chemical laboratory assistant. In 1928-1931 he studied at the technical-mathematical department of the Nezhyn Institute of Social Education. While studying at the institute he worked as a laboratory assistant in the chemical laboratory of the Nosovsky Agricultural Experiment Station. After graduating from the institute he worked as a physics and mathematics teacher in schools in Nezhin (1932-33), in Vladivostok (1933-1936), and then in Kazakhstan (1936-1938). .

In 1938 he became a PhD student at the Institute of Schools of the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR, and a year later he became a PhD student at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry of the K. Liebknecht’s Moscow State Pedagogical Institute. On June 24,1941 he defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Chemical Sciences.

On July 1, 1941, along with the students of the institute he went to defensive works where he was first appointed a foreman, and then the chief of staff of the construction site. In October 1941 he was sent to the Engels Pedagogical Institute. Due to the liquidation of the institute he began working as the head of the methodological office in Marx where the institute was transferred before liquidation. In May 1942, V.V. Fomin was conscripted into the ranks of the Soviet army and was appointed commander of a chemical defense platoon in the city of Kuibyshev.

In March 1943, at the call of the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR V.V. Fomin came to Moscow and was appointed associate professor of the Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University. On the instructions of I.V. Kurchatov he participated in the creation of a radiochemical laboratory (for work on the synthesis and study of the properties of uranium compounds) and a radiochemistry course. V.V. Fomin headed this laboratory in 1944-1948, where specialists were trained for future nuclear industry.

In 1948, by decision of the CPSU Central Committee V.V. Fomin was transferred to the All-Russian Research Institute of Inorganic Materials (ARRIIM, at that time Science research institute-208). First, he was a senior researcher and in 1952 became Deputy Director for Research. He occupied this position until 1977.

In 1959, V.V. Fomin was awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Chemical Sciences for a set of works. In 1962 he became professor. On June 24, 1964, he was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in the Division of General and Technical Chemistry. .

In 1963-1964 V.V. Fomin read a course of lectures at Moscow State University. The course was called “Physic-chemical foundations of extraction and chromatography.”

He actively continued his career until death on December 29, 1979. He was buried at the Khimki cemetery, plot 128.

Science research
V.V. Fomin had broad erudition and was well acquainted with many areas of inorganic, physical and applied (technical) chemistry. He is the author of many studies of great scientific and practical importance.

V.V. Fomin’s area of scientific interests was the study of the properties and methods of obtaining compounds of uranium, plutonium and a number of other radioactive elements.

Many of his scientific works were devoted to the study of the properties and methods of obtaining compounds of uranium, plutonium and other radioactive elements (mainly halogens and oxalates). He also developed the scientific basis for the chemical and technological processes of processing irradiated nuclear fuel (works began in 1952 in ARRIIM under the leadership of V. V. Fomin and the director of the institute V. B. Shevchenko) ..

Complexation research
V.V. Fomin also carried out work on the study of complex formation in aqueous solutions with nitrate, sulfate and oxalate ions, using spectrophotometric and polarographic methods. Some complex sulfates of tetravalent plutonium were synthesized and studied. These works were very important for understanding the chemistry of plutonium.

While working on this topic he developed a method of determining the composition of complex ions using anion exchangers and, using the example of complex cobalt oxalates, showed the possibility of using this method. In addition, a method for determining the composition of complex ions by the change in microelement between the solid phase and solution from deviations from Khlopin’s law was proposed.

The development of extraction methods for studying complex formation played a significant role in elucidating the mechanism of extraction and the influence of a number of factors on the distribution of the extracted compound between two phases. Using extraction methods to determine the composition of complex compounds of radioactive elements, V.V. Fomin made a great contribution to the development of the kinetics of extraction as a chemical process.

Extraction research
V.V. Fomin was one of the first in the USSR to apply physical and chemical methods for studying the extraction of inorganic salts and acids with organic solvents. He also demonstrated the possibility of explaining these phenomena using ideas about the chemical interaction between the extract and the extractant.

The study of the extraction mechanism made it possible to clarify the analytical method for calculating the extraction cascade (during the extraction of uranyl nitrate and nitric acid with tributyl phosphate solutions). Thanks to Fomin’s work, it became possible to use machine calculations of the cascade. These works marked the beginning of a new scientific direction - the mathematical description of extraction equilibrium.

A large number of works on extraction served as the basis for a book on the chemistry of extraction processes, which combined ideas about equilibrium in the distribution of various compounds between two liquid phases (Fomin V.V. Chemistry of extraction processes, 1961). The book was translated into English and Chinese.

Other
A number of V.V. Fomin’sworks are associated with the use of radioactive indicators. For example, the determination of the valence state of phosphorus formed after irridating sulfates with neutrons or determination of solubility using radioactive indicators. In addition to published works, V.V. Fomin at Moscow State University and at ARRIIM carried out more than 50 unpublished ones.

V.V. Fomin took part in the development of a number of technological processes that are of great importance for the development of industry. He also supervised their experimental testing in semi-productional and productional conditions and participated in the preparation of data for the construction design of facilities. V.V. Fomin was awarded for his participation in these works.

Some of the results of V.V. Fomin’s work were summarized in his doctoral dissertation, successfully defended in 1959; in 1962 he became professor. ==Honours and awards ==
 * The Great Patriotic War participant
 * Candidate of Chemical Sciences (1941)
 * Doctor of Chemical Sciences (1959)
 * Professor (1962)
 * Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the Department of General and Technical Chemistry (1964)
 * Awarded the Order of the October Revolution (1971)
 * Order of the Badge of Honor (1975)
 * Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1951,1954,1962)

Literature

 * Химический факультет. Путь в три четверти века. (Глава «Кафедра коллоидной химии») Под ред. В. В. Лунина стр 106—107
 * Архив РАН, ф. 411, оп. 4а, ед.хр. 369, л. 11-13, 33-39.
 * Фомин В.В. // Химики о себе / Сост. и ред. Ю. И. Соловьёв. М., 2001.
 * Большая Советская Энциклопедия в 30 томах. Третье издание (1969), Т.28
 * Профессора Московского университета. 1755—2004. Биографический словарь. В 2-х т. / авт.-сост. А. Г. Рябухин, Г. В. Брянцева (2005)
 * Выдающиеся химики мира. Биографический справочник Автор: Волков В. А., Вонский Е. В., Кузнецова Г. И. Издательство: Высшая школа Год: 1991 стр 461